arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1312.5367cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
收藏

二维无干扰系统中的干扰问题

Aspects of Jamming in Two-Dimensional Frictionless Systems

C. Reichhardt, C. J. Olson Reichhardt

摘要:

在这项工作中,我们提供了一个概述的干扰过渡在二维系统中的无摩擦粒子相互作用的限制,在没有热涨落的情况下集中。我们首先讨论干扰系统与短程排斥相互作用,干扰发生在一个临界堆积密度,并在某些数量显示出发散指示的临界行为。我们描述了如何方面的动态变化的干扰密度接近,以及如何使用外部驱动的探头可以探索这些动态。不同的颗粒形状可以产生干扰密度远低于观察到的盘形颗粒,我们展示了干扰如何表现出脆弱性的一些形状,而对于其他形状,这是缺席。接下来,我们描述了长程相互作用和干扰行为的影响,如带电胶体,第二类超导体中的涡旋和位错系统。我们认为,增加障碍物的无摩擦干扰系统的影响,并讨论这种类型的干扰和系统表现出脱钉过渡之间的连接。最后,我们讨论了开放的问题,如是否在所有这些不同的系统中的干扰过渡可以描述相同的或一个小的子集的普遍行为,以及未来的研究方向,在二维系统中的干扰过渡,如干扰自驱动或活性物质系统。

英文摘要:

In this work we provide an overview of jamming transitions in two dimensional systems focusing on the limit of frictionless particle interactions in the absence of thermal fluctuations. We first discuss jamming in systems with short range repulsive interactions, where the onset of jamming occurs at a critical packing density and where certain quantities show a divergence indicative of critical behavior. We describe how aspects of the dynamics change as the jamming density is approached and how these dynamics can be explored using externally driven probes. Different particle shapes can produce jamming densities much lower than those observed for disk-shaped particles, and we show how jamming exhibits fragility for some shapes while for other shapes this is absent. Next we describe the effects of long range interactions and jamming behavior in systems such as charged colloids, vortices in type-II superconductors, and dislocations. We consider the effect of adding obstacles to frictionless jamming systems and discuss connections between this type of jamming and systems that exhibit depinning transitions. Finally, we discuss open questions such as whether the jamming transition in all these different systems can be described by the same or a small subset of universal behaviors, as well as future directions for studies of jamming transitions in two dimensional systems, such as jamming in self-driven or active matter systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑