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arXiv 0912.3140cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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阻塞phase diagram以检测摩擦颗粒

Jamming phase diagram for frictional particles

M. Pica Ciamarra, R. Pastore, M. Nicodemi, A. Coniglio

摘要:

当温度降低或密度增加时,从类流体状态到无序的类固体状态的非平衡转变,称为堵塞转变,发生在各种物理系统中,例如胶体悬浮液和分子流体。剪切应力和温度一样有利于流体状态,在定义系统“堵塞相图”时也必须考虑剪切应力[1-4]。例如,无干扰无热化系统[1]可以用温度、密度、应力空间中干扰图的零温平面来描述。在这里,我们考虑非热摩擦系统[8-13]的堵塞,如颗粒材料,这对从物理学到工业的许多应用都很重要。在体积不变和外加剪应力的情况下[1,2],我们证明了在没有摩擦时,系统要么是类流体,要么是堵塞的,而在存在摩擦时,在密度剪应力平面上出现了一个新的区域,在这个区域中,系统可能会滑动,甚至在很长一段时间内以稳定的速度流动,以响应外加的应力,但最终会堵塞。本文用密度、剪应力和摩擦空间中的相图描述非热摩擦系统中的堵塞。

英文摘要:

The non-equilibrium transition from a fluid-like state to a disordered solid-like state, known as the jamming transition, occurs in a wide variety of physical systems, such as colloidal suspensions and molecular fluids, when the temperature is lowered or the density increased. Shear stress, as temperature, favors the fluid-like state, and must be also considered to define the system 'jamming phase diagram' [1-4]. Frictionless athermal systems [1], for instance, can be described by the zero temperature plane of the jamming diagram in the temperature, density, stress space. Here we consider the jamming of athermal frictional systems [8-13] such as granular materials, which are important to a number of applications from geophysics to industry. At constant volume and applied shear stress[1, 2], we show that while in absence of friction a system is either fluid-like or jammed, in the presence of friction a new region in the density shear-stress plane appears, where new dynamical regimes are found. In this region a system may slip, or even flow with a steady velocity for a long time in response to an applied stress, but then eventually jams. Jamming in non-thermal frictional systems is described here by a phase diagram in the density, shear-stress and friction space.

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