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arXiv 1310.3252cs.DSmath.CO
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(1+ε)-近似流稀疏器

Towards (1+ε)-Approximate Flow Sparsifiers

Alexandr Andoni, Anupam Gupta, Robert Krauthgamer

摘要:

“压缩”大型网络$G$的有用方法是用{ \em流稀疏化器}来表示它,即,小型网络$H$支持与$G$相同的流,直到称为稀疏器质量的因子$q \geq 1$。具体地,我们假设网络$G$包含与网络$H$共享的一组$k$终端$T$,即,$T\subseteq V(G)\cap V(H)$,并且我们希望$H$保留可以在终端$T$之间路由的所有多商品流。挑战在于构建小的$H$。近年来,这些问题受到了很多关注,导致了稀疏器的质量$q$和其大小$|V(H)|$之间的一些已知权衡。然而,它仍然是一个悬而未决的问题,是否每个$G$承认流稀疏$H$与质量$q=1+ε$,甚至$q=O(1)$,和大小$|V(H)|\leq f(k,ε)$(特别是,独立于$|V(G)|$和边缘容量)。在这个方向上的第一步,我们提出了几种情况下的新的建设:* 我们的主要结果是,准二分网络$G$,可以构建一个$(1+ε)$流稀疏的大小$\poly(k/\eps)$。相比之下,这类网络的精确($q=1$)稀疏器已知需要大小为$2^{Ω(k)}$。* 对于树宽有界的$w$网络$G$,我们构造了一个流稀疏器,其质量为$q=O(\log w / \log\log w)$,大小为$O(w\cdot \poly(k))$。* 对于一般的网络$G$,我们构造了一个{ \em sketch} $sk(G)$,它存储了所有可行的多商品流直到因子$q=1+\eps$,其大小(存储要求)为$f(k,ε)$ .

英文摘要:

A useful approach to "compress" a large network $G$ is to represent it with a {\em flow-sparsifier}, i.e., a small network $H$ that supports the same flows as $G$, up to a factor $q \geq 1$ called the quality of sparsifier. Specifically, we assume the network $G$ contains a set of $k$ terminals $T$, shared with the network $H$, i.e., $T\subseteq V(G)\cap V(H)$, and we want $H$ to preserve all multicommodity flows that can be routed between the terminals $T$. The challenge is to construct $H$ that is small. These questions have received a lot of attention in recent years, leading to some known tradeoffs between the sparsifier's quality $q$ and its size $|V(H)|$. Nevertheless, it remains an outstanding question whether every $G$ admits a flow-sparsifier $H$ with quality $q=1+ε$, or even $q=O(1)$, and size $|V(H)|\leq f(k,ε)$ (in particular, independent of $|V(G)|$ and the edge capacities). Making a first step in this direction, we present new constructions for several scenarios: * Our main result is that for quasi-bipartite networks $G$, one can construct a $(1+ε)$-flow-sparsifier of size $\poly(k/\eps)$. In contrast, exact ($q=1$) sparsifiers for this family of networks are known to require size $2^{Ω(k)}$. * For networks $G$ of bounded treewidth $w$, we construct a flow-sparsifier with quality $q=O(\log w / \log\log w)$ and size $O(w\cdot \poly(k))$. * For general networks $G$, we construct a {\em sketch} $sk(G)$, that stores all the feasible multicommodity flows up to factor $q=1+\eps$, and its size (storage requirement) is $f(k,ε)$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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