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arXiv 1302.7216astro-ph.EP
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自引力原行星盘中星子群的演化

The evolution of planetesimal swarms in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs

Joe Walmswell, Cathie Clarke, Peter Cossins

摘要:

我们调查的自引力盘的星子的运动学演化,结合光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)模拟的磁盘气体与引力耦合人口的测试粒子星子。我们发现,在半径为10秒的au(这是我们预计星子可能形成在这样的光盘)的星子的偏心率被迅速泵到值$>$ 0.1的时间尺度内,光盘是在自引力制度。螺旋臂中产生的高速度分散和缺乏星子浓度意味着碰撞的时间尺度非常长,并且那些确实发生的碰撞的影响是破坏性的,而不是导致进一步的星子生长。我们还使用SPH模拟来校准蒙特卡罗动力学实验:这些可以用来发展系统在很长的时间尺度,并可以与粒子角动量空间中的扩散方程的解析解进行比较。我们发现,如果星子只形成在一个带在大半径,然后有显着的散射的对象,以小半径,但大多数的星子仍然在大半径。如果星子确实形成于早期的演化阶段,当光盘是强烈的自引力,那么本研究的结果约束其空间和运动学分布在自引力阶段结束。

英文摘要:

We investigate the kinematic evolution of planetesimals in self-gravitating discs, combining Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamical (SPH) simulations of the disc gas with a gravitationally coupled population of test particle planetesimals. We find that at radii of 10s of au (which is where we expect planetesimals to be possibly formed in such discs) the planetesimals' eccentricities are rapidly pumped to values $>$ 0.1 within the timescales for which the disc is in the self-gravitating regime. The high resulting velocity dispersion and the lack of planetesimal concentration in the spiral arms means that the collision timescale is very long and that the effect of those collisions that do occur is destructive rather than leading to further planetesimal growth. We also use the SPH simulations to calibrate Monte Carlo dynamical experiments: these can be used to evolve the system over long timescales and can be compared with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation in particle angular momentum space. We find that if planetesimals are only formed in a belt at large radius then there is significant scattering of objects to small radii; nevertheless the majority of planetesimals remain at large radii. If planetesimals indeed form at early evolutionary stages, when the disc is strongly self-gravitating, then the results of this study constrain their spatial and kinematic distribution at the end of the self-gravitating phase.

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