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arXiv 1104.3987astro-ph.EP
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嵌入有死区的湍流原行星盘中的微行星动力学

On the dynamics of planetesimals embedded in turbulent protoplanetary discs with dead zones

Oliver Gressel, Richard P. Nelson, Neal J. Turner

摘要:

原行星盘中的吸积被认为是由[...]磁旋转不稳定性(MRI)。最近的工作表明,嵌入完全湍流盘中的星子群受到速度色散的强烈激发,导致半径R_p < 100 km的天体的碰撞破坏。星子半长轴的显著扩散也出现了,导致星子种群在原行星盘内部区域的大规模扩散,这显然与小行星在小行星带内的分布所提供的限制相矛盾。在本文中,我们研究的动力学的微行星嵌入在垂直分层的湍流盘,有无死区。我们的主要目的是检查的湍流激发的速度色散,和径向扩散,在这些光盘的星子。我们采用三维MHD模拟[.],一个化学平衡模型[…]我们发现,星子在充分湍流光盘开发大的随机速度,将导致碰撞破坏/侵蚀的大小低于100公里的机构,并经历径向扩散的规模\sim 2.5 AU超过5万年光盘的寿命。但在死区中的星子经历的随机速度的激发大大减少,并且对于尺寸R_p < 100 km的弱聚集体和强聚集体,平衡速度分散位于破裂阈值之间。我们还发现,径向扩散发生在一个大大减少的长度尺度\sim 0.25 AU在光盘的寿命时间,这是一致的太阳系的限制。我们的结论是,通过较小的机构之间的相互碰撞的星子增长不能发生在一个完全动荡的磁盘。相比之下,死亡区可能提供一个安全的避风港,在那里公里大小的星子可以避免通过碰撞相互毁灭。

英文摘要:

(abridged) Accretion in protoplanetary discs is thought to be driven by [...] turbulence via the magnetorotational instability (MRI). Recent work has shown that a planetesimal swarm embedded in a fully turbulent disc is subject to strong excitation of the velocity dispersion, leading to collisional destruction of bodies with radii R_p < 100 km. Significant diffusion of planetesimal semimajor axes also arises, leading to large-scale spreading of the planetesimal population throughout the inner regions of the protoplanetary disc, in apparent contradiction of constraints provided by the distribution of asteroids within the asteroid belt. In this paper, we examine the dynamics of planetesimals embedded in vertically stratified turbulent discs, with and without dead zones. Our main aims are to examine the turbulent excitation of the velocity dispersion, and the radial diffusion, of planetesimals in these discs. We employ three dimensional MHD simulations [...], along with an equilibrium chemistry model [...] We find that planetesimals in fully turbulent discs develop large random velocities that will lead to collisional destruction/erosion for bodies with sizes below 100 km, and undergo radial diffusion on a scale \sim 2.5 au over a 5 Myr disc life time. But planetesimals in a dead zone experience a much reduced excitation of their random velocities, and equilibrium velocity dispersions lie between the disruption thresholds for weak and strong aggregates for sizes R_p < 100 km. We also find that radial diffusion occurs over a much reduced length scale \sim 0.25 au over the disc life time, this being consistent with solar system constraints. We conclude that planetesimal growth via mutual collisions between smaller bodies cannot occur in a fully turbulent disc. By contrast, a dead zone may provide a safe haven in which km-sized planetesimals can avoid mutual destruction through collisions.

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