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arXiv 1301.7055astro-ph.SR
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2012年5月17日的GLE与M5 .1级耀斑有联系吗？

Was the GLE on May 17, 2012 linked with the M5.1-class flare the first in the 24th solar cycle?

C. R. A. Augusto, V. Kopenkin, C. E. Navia, A. C. S. Felicio, F. Freire, A. C. S. Pinto, B. Pimentel, M. Paulista, J. Vianna, C. Fauth, T. Sinzi

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9 pages, 10 figures
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摘要：

2012年5月17日，一个M5.1级的耀斑从太阳爆发。O型日冕物质抛射（CME）也与这次耀斑有关。质子通量瞬间增加，峰值在$\geq 100$ MeV，导致S2太阳辐射风暴水平。在X射线发射后大约20分钟，太阳粒子到达地球，这是当前太阳活动周期24的第一次（自2006年12月以来）地面增强（GLE）的来源。GLE由中子监测器（NM）和其他地面探测器探测到。在这里，我们提出了一个观察图皮μ介子望远镜（尼泰罗伊，巴西，$22^{0}.9 S$，$43^{0}.2 W$，海拔3米）的增强μ介子在地面水平与此M5.1级太阳耀斑。图皮望远镜在5分钟的合并时间剖面中记录了一个超过背景$\sim 20\%$的μ子。Tupi信号与空间探测器（GOES，ACE），地面中子监测器（Oulu）和空气簇射探测器（IceCube中微子天文台的IceTop表面组件）获得的数据相关。我们还报告了2012年5月20日可能与CME/鞘撞击地球磁层相关的μ子信号的观测结果。我们发现，观察到的时间相关性的μ介子过剩观察到的Tupi μ介子望远镜与太阳瞬态事件表明它们之间的一个真正的物理连接。我们的观测表明，Tupi μ子望远镜的低能量阈值和Tupi实验位于南大西洋异常区这两个因素的结合，可以有利地研究和探测太阳瞬变事件。我们的实验为太阳物理研究中的其他技术（空间和地面）提供了新的补充数据。

英文摘要：

On May 17, 2012 an M5.1-class flare exploded from the sun. An O-type coronal mass ejection (CME) was also associated with this flare. There was an instant increase in proton flux with peak at $\geq 100$ MeV, leading to S2 solar radiation storm level. In about 20 minutes after the X-ray emission, the solar particles reached the Earth.It was the source of the first (since December 2006) ground level enhancement (GLE) of the current solar cycle 24. The GLE was detected by neutron monitors (NM) and other ground based detectors. Here we present an observation by the Tupi muon telescopes (Niteroi, Brazil, $22^{0}.9 S$, $43^{0}.2 W$, 3 m above sea level) of the enhancement of muons at ground level associated with this M5.1-class solar flare. The Tupi telescopes registered a muon excess over background $\sim 20\%$ in the 5-min binning time profile. The Tupi signal is studied in correlation with data obtained by space-borne detectors (GOES, ACE), ground based neutron monitors (Oulu) and air shower detectors (the IceTop surface component of the IceCube neutrino observatory). We also report the observation of the muon signal possibly associated with the CME/sheath striking the Earth magnetosphere on May 20, 2012. We show that the observed temporal correlation of the muon excess observed by the Tupi muon telescopes with solar transient events suggests a real physical connection between them. Our observation indicates that combination of two factors, the low energy threshold of the Tupi muon telescopes and the location of the Tupi experiment in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, can be favorable in the study and detection of the solar transient events. Our experiment provides new data complementary to other techniques (space and ground based) in the study of solar physics.

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