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arXiv 1209.5196quant-phgr-qc
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从条件薛定谔方程证明玻姆速度

Evidence for Bohmian velocities from conditional Schrodinger equation

H. Nikolic

摘要:

人们经常争论说,玻姆力学的可测量预言不能与任意修改粒子速度满足相同等方差方程的理论的预言区分开来。通过考虑一个封闭系统的波函数在一个确定的总能量的状态,我们认为,在可测量的预测的区别是可能的。即使这样的波函数是与时间无关的,子系统的条件波函数通过不属于该子系统的时间相关的粒子轨迹依赖于时间。如果这些轨迹可以用经典轨迹来近似,那么条件波函数就可以用经典含时势中满足薛定谔方程的波函数来近似,这与观测结果非常一致。然而,这种近似不能证明粒子速度显着偏离玻姆的,这意味着玻姆速度是观测首选。

英文摘要:

It is often argued that measurable predictions of Bohmian mechanics cannot be distinguished from those of a theory with arbitrarily modified particle velocities satisfying the same equivariance equation. By considering the wave function of a closed system in a state with definite total energy, we argue that a distinction in measurable predictions is possible. Even though such a wave function is time-independent, the conditional wave function for a subsystem depends on time through the time-dependent particle trajectories not belonging to the subsystem. If these trajectories can be approximated by classical trajectories, then the conditional wave function can be approximated by a wave function which satisfies Schrodinger equation in a classical time-dependent potential, which is in good agreement with observations. However, such an approximation cannot be justified for particle velocities significantly deviating from the Bohmian ones, implying that Bohmian velocities are observationally preferred.

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