Bjorn Poonen
Bhargava and Shankar prove that as E varies over all elliptic curves over Q, the average rank of the finitely generated abelian group E(Q) is bounded. This result follows from an exact formula for the average size of the 2-Selmer group, which in turn follows from an asymptotic formula for the number of binary quartic forms over Z with bounded invariants. We explain their proof, as well as other arithmetic applications.
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We prove that the elliptic surface y^2=x^3+2(t^8+14t^4+1)x+4t^2(t^8+6t^4+1) has geometric Mordell-Weil rank 15. This completes a list of Kuwata, who gave explicit examples of elliptic K3-surfaces with geometric Mordell-Weil rank 0,1,..., 14, 16, 17,18.
For an elliptic curve over Q of analytic rank 1, we use the level-two Selmer variety and secondary cohomology products to find explicit analytic defining equations for global integral points inside the set of p-adic points.
Given a rational elliptic surface over a number field, we study the collection of fibers whose Mordell--Weil rank is greater than the generic rank. We give conditions on the singular fibers to assure that the collection of fibers for which the rank jumps of at least 3 is not thin.
Let $X$ be an elliptic K3 surface endowed with two distinct Jacobian elliptic fibrations $π_i$, $i=1,2$, defined over a number field $k$. We prove that there is an elliptic curve $C\subset X$ such that the generic rank over $k$ of $X$ after a base extension by $C$ is strictly larger than the generic rank of $X$. Moreover, if the generic rank of $π_j$ is positive then there are infinitely many fibers of $π_i$ ($j\neq i$) with rank at least the generic rank of $π_i$ plus one.
We show that the average and typical ranks in a certain parametric family of elliptic curves described by D. Ulmer tend to infinity as the parameter $d \to\infty$. This is perhaps unexpected since by a result of A. Brumer, the average rank for all elliptic curves over a function field of positive characteristic is asymptotically bounded above by 2.3.
We produce explicit elliptic curves over \Bbb F_p(t) whose Mordell-Weil groups have arbitrarily large rank. Our method is to prove the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer for these curves (or rather the Tate conjecture for related elliptic surfaces) and then use zeta functions to determine the rank. In contrast to earlier examples of Shafarevitch and Tate, our curves are not isotrivial. Asymptotically these curves have maximal rank for their conductor. Motivated by this fact, we make a conjecture about the growth of ranks of elliptic curves over number fields.
We consider an elliptic surface $π: \mathcal{E}\rightarrow \mathbb{P}^1$ defined over a number field $k$ and study the problem of comparing the rank of the special fibres over $k$ with that of the generic fibre over $k(\mathbb{P}^1)$. We prove, for a large class of rational elliptic surfaces, the existence of infinitely many fibres with rank at least equal to the generic rank plus two.
We introduce a procedure for constructing a generalized elliptic curve from a genus-one twisted curve, and we use this procedure to define an explicit, modular isomorphism between two compactifications of moduli stacks of elliptic curves with level structure.
Given an elliptic surface over a number field, we study the collection of fibres whose Mordell-Weil rank is greater than the generic rank. Under suitable assumptions, we show that this collection is not thin. Our results apply to quadratic twist families and del Pezzo surfaces of degree $1$.
Moderate rank jumps on rational elliptic surfaces via construction of conics
本文通过构造圆锥方法，在有理椭圆面中实现秩的适度跳跃，研究具有高秩纤维的椭圆面家族。
We show that for all odd primes $p$, there exist ordinary elliptic curves over $\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p(x)$ with arbitrarily high rank and constant $j$-invariant. This shows in particular that there are elliptic curves with arbitrarily high rank over these fields for which the corresponding elliptic surface is not supersingular. The result follows from a theorem which states that for all odd prime numbers $p$ and $\ell$, there exists a hyperelliptic curve over $\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p$ of genus $(\ell-1)/2$ whose Jacobian is isogenous to the power of one ordinary elliptic curve.
An elliptic curve E defined over \Q is an algebraic variety which forms a finitely generated abelian group, and the structure theorem then implies that E = \Z^r + \Z_{tors} for some r \geq 0; this value r is called the rank of E. It is a classical problem in the study of elliptic curves to classify curves by their rank. In this paper, the author uses the method of 2-descent to calculate the rank of two families of elliptic curves, where E is given by E: y^2 = x(x-p)(x-2) with p, p-2 being twin primes.
We study the elliptic modular surface attached to the commutator subgroup of the modular group. This has an elliptic curve as base and only one singular fibre. We employ an algebraic approach and then consider some arithmetic questions.
For the elliptic curve $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}(t)$ found by Kihara, with torsion group $\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}$ and rank $\geq 5$, which is the current record for the rank of such curves, by using a suitable injective specialization, we determine exactly the rank and generators of $E(\mathbb{Q}(t))$.
We study the structure of the Mordell--Weil group of elliptic curves over number fields of degree 2, 3, and 4. We show that if $T$ is a group, then either the class of all elliptic curves over quadratic fields with torsion subgroup $T$ is empty, or it contains curves of rank~0 as well as curves of positive rank. We prove a similar but slightly weaker result for cubic and quartic fields. On the other hand, we find a group $T$ and a quartic field $K$ such that among the elliptic curves over $K$ with torsion subgroup $T$, there are curves of positive rank, but none of rank~0. We find examples of …
We prove that all elliptic curves over quadratic fields with a subgroup isomorphic to $C_{16}$, as well as all elliptic curves over cubic fields with a subgroup isomorphic to $C_2\times C_{14}$, are base changes of elliptic curves defined over $\Q$. We obtain these results by studying geometric properties of modular curves and maps between modular curves, and then obtaining a modular description of these curves and maps.
We give several new constructions for moderate rank elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}(T)$. In particular we construct infinitely many rational elliptic surfaces (not in Weierstrass form) of rank 6 over $\mathbb{Q}$ using polynomials of degree two in $T$. While our method generates linearly independent points, we are able to show the rank is exactly 6 \emph{without} having to verify the points are independent. The method generalizes; however, the higher rank surfaces are not rational, and we need to check that the constructed points are linearly independent.
We construct pairs of elliptic curves over number fields with large intersection of projective torsion points.
We show that for any elliptic curve (with j invariant not 0 or 1728) over any field of characteristic different from 2 and 3, there exists an hyperelliptic curve H of genus 5 with two independent maps to the given elliptic curve. We also show that, if we want such a curve to be just geometrically hyperelliptic, so having a degree two map to a conic, then there are some with genus 3.
We prove results on the Mordell--Weil rank of elliptic curves $y^2=x(x-αa^2)(x-βb^2)$ parametrized by binary quadratic forms $αa^2+βb^2=γc^2$. We express our explicit lower bounds over number fields and offer a detailed description of the corresponding Mordell-Weil group structure in the function field case.
We introduce the use of $p$-descent techniques for elliptic surfaces over a perfect field of characteristic not $2$ or $3$. Under mild hypotheses, we obtain an upper bound for the rank of a non-constant elliptic surface. When $p=2$, this bound is an arithmetic refinement of a well-known geometric bound for the rank deduced from Igusa's inequality. This answers a question raised by Ulmer. We give some applications to rank bounds for elliptic surfaces over the rational numbers.
We present experimental evidence to support the widely held belief that one half of all elliptic curves have infinitely many rational points. The method used to gather this evidence is a refinement of an algorithm due to the author which is based upon rigid and crystalline cohomology.
The average Mordell-Weil rank of elliptic surfaces over number fields
该研究证明了椭圆面在数域上平均Mordell-Weil秩的猜想，并展示了稀疏集性质及类似结果。
We use Hodge theory to prove a new upper bound on the ranks of Mordell-Weil groups for elliptic curves over function fields after regular geometrically Galois extensions of the base field, improving on previous results of Silverman and Ellenberg, when the base field has characteristic zero and the supports of the conductor of the elliptic curve and of the ramification divisor of the extension are disjoint.
We study the family of elliptic curves $y^2=x(x-a^2)(x-b^2)$ parametrized by Pythagorean triples $(a,b,c)$. We prove that for a generic triple the lower bound of the rank of the Mordell-Weil group over $\mathbb{Q}$ is 1, and for some explicitly given infinite family the rank is 2. To each family we attach an elliptic surface fibered over the projective line. We show that the lower bounds for the rank are optimal, in the sense that for each generic fiber of such an elliptic surface its corresponding Mordell-Weil group over the function field $\mathbb{Q}(t)$ has rank 1 or 2, respectively. In ord…
We discuss a non-computational elementary approach to a well-known criterion of divisibility by 2 in the group of rational points on an elliptic curve.
We prove a genus formula for modular curves of $D$-elliptic sheaves. We use this formula to show that the reductions of modular curves of $D$-elliptic sheaves attain the Drinfeld-Vladut bound as the degree of the discriminant of $D$ tends to infinity.
Most systematic tables of data associated to ranks of elliptic curves order the curves by conductor. Recent developments, led by work of Bhargava-Shankar studying the average sizes of $n$-Selmer groups, have given new upper bounds on the average algebraic rank in families of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ ordered by height. We describe databases of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ ordered by height in which we compute ranks and $2$-Selmer group sizes, the distributions of which may also be compared to these theoretical results. A striking new phenomenon observed in these databases is that …
In this paper, we study the finiteness problem of torsion points on an elliptic curve whose coordinates satisfy some multiplicative dependence relations. In particular, we prove that on an elliptic curve defined over a number field there are only finitely many torsion points whose coordinates are multiplicatively dependent. Moreover, we produce an effective result when the elliptic curve is defined over the rational numbers or has complex multiplication.
For any number field, we prove that there exists an elliptic curve defined over this field such that its Shafarevich-Tate group has a nontrivial 2-torsion subgroup.
Murmurations and Sato-Tate Conjectures for High Rank Zetas of Elliptic Curves
本研究将有理数域上椭圆曲线的Sato-Tate猜想与murmuration现象从阿贝尔Hasse-Weil Zeta函数推广至其p约化的非阿贝尔高秩Zeta函数，证明二者在该场景下同样成立。
The V_4-lines for each linearly normal space elliptic curve form the edges of a tetrahedron, however in case the elliptic curve has j=12^3, there exist Z_4-lines in addition. We show the arrangement of V_4 and Z_4-lines explicitly for the curve. As a corollary we obtain that each irreducible quartic curve with genus one has at most two Galois points.
In this paper, we give an explicit description of the de Rham and p-adic polylogarithms for elliptic curves using the Kronecker theta function. We prove in particular that when the elliptic curve has complex multiplication and good reduction at p, then the specializations to torsion points of the p-adic elliptic polylogarithm are related to p-adic Eisenstein-Kronecker numbers, proving a p-adic analogue of the result of Beilinson and Levin expressing the complex elliptic polylogarithm in terms of Eisenstein-Kronecker-Lerch series. Our result is valid even if the elliptic curve has supersingular…
We give an asymptotic formula for the number of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ with bounded Faltings height. Silverman has shown that the Faltings height for elliptic curves over number fields can be expressed in terms of modular functions and the minimal discriminant of the elliptic curve. We use this to recast the problem as one of counting lattice points in a particular region in $\mathbb{R}^2$.
Over the past two years we have improved several of the (Mordell-Weil) rank records for elliptic curves over Q and nonconstant elliptic curves over Q(t). For example, we found the first example of a curve E/Q with 28 independent points P_i in E(Q) (the previous record was 24, by R.Martin and W.McMillen 2000), and the first example of a curve over Q with Mordell-Weil group isomorphic with (Z/2Z) x Z^18 (the previous rank record for a curve with a 2-torsion point was 15, by Dujella 2002). In these lectures we give some of the background, theory, and computational tools that led to these new reco…
Local root numbers of elliptic curves over dyadic fields
本文研究了二元域上具有加性且潜在良好约化的椭圆曲线，通过分析其三挠点生成的有限Galois扩张，给出了计算该椭圆曲线局部根数的公式。
We prove that the group of rational points of a non-isotrivial elliptic curve defined over the perfect closure of a function field in one variable over a finite field is finiteley generated.
While there has been considerable interest in the problem of finding elliptic curves of high rank over $\mathbb{Q}$, very few parametrized families of elliptic curves of generic rank $\geq 8$ have been published. In this paper we use solutions of certain symmetric diophantine systems to construct several parametrized families of elliptic curves with their generic ranks ranging from at least 8 to at least 12. Specific numerical values of the parameters yield elliptic curves with quite large coefficients and we could therefore determine the precise rank only in a few cases where the rank of the …
In the present paper, we introduce some new families of elliptic curves with positive rank arrising from Pythagorean triples.
We prove that, when all elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ are ordered by naive height, a positive proportion have both algebraic and analytic rank one. It follows that the average rank and the average analytic rank of elliptic curves are both strictly positive.
We present rank-record breaking elliptic curves having torsion subgroups Z/2Z, Z/3Z, Z/4Z, Z/6Z, and Z/7Z.
We present a heuristic that suggests that ranks of elliptic curves over the rationals are bounded. In fact, it suggests that there are only finitely many elliptic curves of rank greater than 21. Our heuristic is based on modeling the ranks and Shafarevich-Tate groups of elliptic curves simultaneously, and relies on a theorem counting alternating integer matrices of specified rank. We also discuss analogues for elliptic curves over other global fields.
We show that the unboundedness of the ranks of the quadratic twists of an elliptic curve is equivalent to the divergence of certain infinite series.
In this paper, under GRH for elliptic $L$-functions, we give an upper bound for the probability for an elliptic curve with analytic rank $\leq a$ for $a \geq 11$, and also give an upper bound of $n$-th moments of analytic ranks of elliptic curves. These are applications of counting elliptic curves with local conditions, for example, having good reduction at $p$.
We show that average analytic rank of elliptic curves with prescribed torsion $G$ is bounded for every torsion group $G$ under GRH for elliptic curve $L$-functions.
Upper bounds for moments of analytic ranks of elliptic curves over number fields
研究数域上椭圆曲线解析秩矩的上界，通过证明条件上界及解析秩大于给定界的椭圆曲线密度的条件界来进行研究。
In this paper the family of elliptic curves over \Q given by the equation E_{p}: Y^2=(X-p)^3+X^3+(X+p)^3 where p is a prime number, is studied. It is shown that the maximal rank of the elliptic curves is at most 3 and some conditions under which we have rank(E_p(\Q))=0 or rank(E_p(\Q))=1 or rank(E_p(\Q))>=2 are given. Moreover It is shown that in the family there are elliptic curves with rank 0,1,2 and 3.
We describe a simple, but effective, method for deriving families of elliptic curves, with high rank, all of whose members have the same torsion subgroup structure.
In this paper, $p$ and $q$ are two different odd primes. First, We construct the congruent elliptic curves corresponding to $p$, $2p$, $pq$, and $2pq,$ then, in the cases of congruent numbers, we determine the rank of the corresponding congruent elliptic curves.
In this paper, we construct an infinite family of elliptic curves whose rank is exactly two and the torsion subgroup is a cyclic group of order two or three, under the parity conjecture.
Extending the idea of \cite{dab2} and using the 2-descent method, we provide three general families of elliptic curves over Q such that a positive proportion of prime-twists of such elliptic curves have rank zero simultaneously.
Elliptic curves of rank one over number fields
该研究证明了对任意数域 $K$，均存在无穷多条秩恰好为 1 的椭圆曲线，解决了该领域的一个基本存在性问题。
We establish a conditional equivalence between quantitative unboundedness of the analytic rank of elliptic curves over $\mathbb Q$ and the existence of highly biased elliptic curve prime number races. We show that conditionally on a Riemann Hypothesis and on a hypothesis on the multiplicity of the zeros of $L(E,s)$, large analytic ranks translate into an extreme Chebyshev bias. Conversely, we show under a certain linear independence hypothesis on zeros of $L(E,s)$ that if highly biased elliptic curve prime number races do exist, then the Riemann Hypothesis holds for infinitely many elliptic cu…
We investigate $\mathbb{Q}$-ranks of the elliptic curve $E_t$: $y^2+txy=x^3+tx^2-x+1$ where $t$ is a rational parameter. We prove that for infinitely many values of $t$ the rank of $E_t(\mathbb{Q})$ is at least 4.
Rank of elliptic curves and class groups of real quadratic fields
本文研究了椭圆曲线的秩与实二次域类群非平凡性之间的联系。
An elliptic K3 surface X/Q(t) with Mordell-Weil rank 17, I: Formulas for X and base changes of rank 18 and 19
本文给出Q(t)上Mordell-Weil秩17的椭圆K3曲面X的公式，证明其二次基变换可得到秩18的椭圆曲面，一对复合后得秩19的椭圆曲面，对应无穷多条Q上高秩椭圆曲线。
Rank one elliptic curves and rank stability
本文证明对任意数域的二次扩张，存在无穷多个秩为一的椭圆曲线，推广了相关定理，并通过特化非平凡秩一椭圆曲线族并计算所有秩来获得结果。
We extend work of Swinnerton-Dyer on the density of the number of twists of a given elliptic curve that have 2-Selmer group of a particular rank.
The aim of this paper is to introduce a new family of elliptic curves in the form of $y^2=x(x-a^2)(x-b^2)$ that have positive ranks. We first generate a list of pythagorean triples $(a,b,c)$ and then construct this family of elliptic curves. It turn out that this new family have positive ranks and search for the upper bound for their ranks.
We conjecture that, for a fixed prime $p$, rational elliptic curves with higher rank tend to have more points mod $p$. We show that there is an analogous bias for modular forms with respect to root numbers, and conjecture that the order of the rank bias for elliptic curves is greater than that of the root number bias for modular forms.
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