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arXiv 1202.4637cond-mat.mes-hall
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量子点中的核自旋物理:光学研究

Nuclear spin physics in quantum dots: an optical investigation

Bernhard Urbaszek, Xavier Marie, Thierry Amand, Olivier Krebs, Paul Voisin, Patrick Maletinsky, Alexander Hogele, Atac Imamoglu

摘要:

半导体量子点中10 E4 - 10 E6核自旋形成的介观自旋系统为研究凝聚态中的多体自旋物理提供了独特的背景。这个系统的动力学及其与电子自旋的耦合与它的大块对应物以及原子的动力学是根本不同的,这是由于减小的维度导致的波动增加。近年来,量子点核自旋系统及其与受限电子自旋耦合的研究受到人们的广泛关注,这不仅是因为量子点核自旋系统在量子信息处理中的潜在应用,也是因为电子-核自旋耦合系统的非线性动力学特性。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了过去几十年来在研究这种介观耦合电子-核自旋系统方面所做的实验工作,并讨论了如何利用电子自旋的光学寻址来操纵和读出量子点核。我们讨论了如何将这种技术应用于量子点,以有效地建立一个非零平均核自旋极化,最近,被用来减少波动的平均量子点核自旋取向。这两个结果反过来有重要的意义,在量子点,我们讨论的电子自旋相干性的保存。最后,我们推测最近获得的量子点核自旋系统的理解如何在未来能够实验观察量子力学签名或可能的集体行为的介观核自旋系综。

英文摘要:

The mesoscopic spin system formed by the 10E4-10E6 nuclear spins in a semiconductor quantum dot offers a unique setting for the study of many-body spin physics in the condensed matter. The dynamics of this system and its coupling to electron spins is fundamentally different from its bulk counter-part as well as that of atoms due to increased fluctuations that result from reduced dimensions. In recent years, the interest in studying quantum dot nuclear spin systems and their coupling to confined electron spins has been fueled by its direct implication for possible applications of such systems in quantum information processing as well as by the fascinating nonlinear (quantum-)dynamics of the coupled electron-nuclear spin system. In this article, we review experimental work performed over the last decades in studying this mesoscopic,coupled electron-nuclear spin system and discuss how optical addressing of electron spins can be exploited to manipulate and read-out quantum dot nuclei. We discuss how such techniques have been applied in quantum dots to efficiently establish a non-zero mean nuclear spin polarization and, most recently, were used to reduce fluctuations of the average quantum dot nuclear spin orientation. Both results in turn have important implications for the preservation of electron spin coherence in quantum dots, which we discuss. We conclude by speculating how this recently gained understanding of the quantum dot nuclear spin system could in the future enable experimental observation of quantum-mechanical signatures or possible collective behavior of mesoscopic nuclear spin ensembles.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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