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arXiv 0802.2463cond-mat.mes-hall
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量子点和缺陷中心中的核自旋动力学和Zeno效应

Nuclear spin dynamics and Zeno effect in quantum dots and defect centers

D. Klauser, W. A. Coish, Daniel Loss

摘要:

我们分析了由于超精细相互作用(核磁共振中的“J耦合”)而导致核自旋之间电子介导耦合的量子点和具有束缚电子的缺陷中心的核自旋动力学。我们的分析表明,由原子核产生的Overhauser场在电子的位置具有短时间动力学的时间平方的初始核自旋状态没有横向相干。二次短时行为允许通过一系列投影测量(量子芝诺效应)延长Overhauser场的寿命。我们分析了实现这种效果对测量重复率和测量精度的要求。此外,我们计算了有效电子塞曼分裂大于超精细耦合强度的Overhauser场的长时间行为,并发现,无论是在戴森级数展开和广义主方程方法,对于具有足够平滑极化的核自旋系统,电子-仅介导的相互作用仅导致奥弗豪泽场的部分衰减,衰减量为与电子相互作用的核自旋的倒数。

英文摘要:

We analyze nuclear spin dynamics in quantum dots and defect centers with a bound electron under electron-mediated coupling between nuclear spins due to the hyperfine interaction ("J-coupling" in NMR). Our analysis shows that the Overhauser field generated by the nuclei at the position of the electron has short-time dynamics quadratic in time for an initial nuclear spin state without transverse coherence. The quadratic short-time behavior allows for an extension of the Overhauser field lifetime through a sequence of projective measurements (quantum Zeno effect). We analyze the requirements on the repetition rate of measurements and the measurement accuracy to achieve such an effect. Further, we calculate the long-time behavior of the Overhauser field for effective electron Zeeman splittings larger than the hyperfine coupling strength and find, both in a Dyson series expansion and a generalized master equation approach, that for a nuclear spin system with a sufficiently smooth polarization the electron-mediated interaction alone leads only to a partial decay of the Overhauser field by an amount on the order of the inverse number of nuclear spins interacting with the electron.

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