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arXiv 1202.0214astro-ph.EP
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富CO彗星C/2009 P1(Garradd)近日点前Rh = 2.4和2.0 AU的化学组成

The chemical composition of CO-rich comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd) at Rh = 2.4 and 2.0 AU before perihelion

L. Paganini, M. J. Mumma, G. L. Villanueva, M. A. DiSanti, B. P. Bonev, M. Lippi, H. Boehnhardt

摘要:

我们量化了彗星C/2009 P1(Garradd)在近日点之前的10个母体挥发物,通过高色散红外光谱在UT 2011年8月7日(Rh = 2.4 AU)和9月17日至21日(Rh = 2.0 AU)在ESO的VLT获得。8月7日,在2.1 \times 10^28 s-1的上限(3σ)下搜索了水,但未检测到,而检测到乙烷的生成速率为6.1 \times 10^26 s-1(表观混合比> 2.90%)。9月17-21日,水的平均产生率为8.4 \times 10^28 s-1,检测到的痕量组分的丰度比(相对于水)为:CO(12.51%)、CH 3OH(3.90%)、CH 4(1.24%)、C2 H6(1.01%)和HCN(0.36%)。4种次要物种的丰度上限(3σ)分别为:NH_3(1.55%)、C_2H_2(0.13%)、HDO(0.89%)和OCS(0.20%)。鉴于相对较大的日心距离,我们探讨了水在我们的FOV内没有完全升华的影响,并确定了“失踪”的水部分,需要调和检索到的丰度比与“有机物正常”的平均值。个别空间分布的母挥发分和连续显示相当不对称的放气。H2O和CO气体向不同方向释放的迹象表明,不同的活动喷口和/或核中可能存在极性和非极性冰聚集体。C/2009 P1是一颗富含CO的彗星。

英文摘要:

We quantified ten parent volatiles in comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd) before perihelion, through high-dispersion infrared spectra acquired with CRIRES at ESO's VLT on UT 2011 August 07 (Rh = 2.4 AU) and September 17-21 (Rh = 2.0 AU). On August 07, water was searched but not detected at an upper limit (3σ) of 2.1 \times 10^28 s-1, while ethane was detected with a production rate of 6.1 \times 10^26 s-1 (apparent mixing ratio > 2.90%). On September 17-21, the mean production rate for water was 8.4 \times 10^28 s-1, and abundance ratios (relative to water) of detected trace species were: CO (12.51%), CH3OH (3.90%), CH4 (1.24%), C2H6 (1.01%) and HCN (0.36%). Upper limits (3σ) to abundances for four minor species were: NH3 (1.55%), C2H2 (0.13%), HDO (0.89%) and OCS (0.20%). Given the relatively large heliocentric distance, we explored the effect of water not being fully sublimated within our FOV and identified the 'missing' water fraction needed to reconcile the retrieved abundance ratios with the mean values found for "organics-normal". The individual spatial profiles of parent volatiles and the continuum displayed rather asymmetric outgassing. Indications of H2O and CO gas being released in different directions suggest different active vents and/or the possible existence of polar and apolar ice aggregates in the nucleus. The high fractional abundance of CO identifies comet C/2009 P1 as a CO-rich comet.

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