基于SOHO/SWAN对彗星C/2020 S3 (Erasmus)、C/2021 A1 (Leonard)和C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)观测的水产率研究
Water Production Rates from SOHO/SWAN Observations of Comets C/2020 S3 (Erasmus), C/2021 A1 (Leonard) and C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)
AI总结：
本研究利用SOHO卫星的SWAN相机观测三颗长周期彗星的氢彗发，计算了它们随时间变化的水产率，并分析了它们在近日点前后表现出的不同解体与活动行为。
摘要：
在2021年和2022年，利用SOlar and Heliosphere Observer (SOHO)卫星上的Solar Wind ANisotropies (SWAN)全天氢莱曼阿尔法相机，对三颗长周期彗星C/2020 S3 (Erasmus)、C/2021 A1 (Leonard)和C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)的氢彗发进行了观测。SWAN获取了星际氢穿过太阳系时的近每日全天氢莱曼阿尔法分布图像，由此提供了关于通过电离和电荷交换不断消耗它的太阳风和太阳紫外通量的信息。当彗星的氢彗发足够亮时，也会被观测到。已经计算了每颗彗星随时间变化的水产率。特别令人感兴趣的是彗星C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)，它显然在其0.28 au近日点前几天就解体了；还有彗星C/2021 A1 (Leonard)，它也在近日点峰值后约20天开始解体。彗星C/2020 S3 (Erasmus)的行为更为典型，没有剧烈的衰减，但关于近日点仍然是不对称的，在近日点前开启更迅速，而在近日点后很久仍有更持久的活动。
英文摘要：
In 2021 and 2022 the hydrogen comae of three long period comets, C/2020 S3 (Erasmus), C/2021 A1 (Leonard) and C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS) were observed with the Solar Wind ANisotropies (SWAN) all-sky hydrogen Lyman-alpha camera on the SOlar and Heliosphere Observer (SOHO) satellite. SWAN obtains nearly daily full-sky images of the hydrogen Lyman-alpha distribution of the interstellar hydrogen as it passes through the solar system yielding information about the solar wind and solar ultraviolet fluxes that eats away at it by ionization and charge exchange. The hydrogen comae of comets, when of sufficient brightness, are also observed. Water production rates have been calculated over time for each of these comets. Of particular interest are comet C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS) which apparently disintegrated a few days before its perihelion at 0.28 au and C/2021 A1 (Leonard) which also disintegrated beginning about 20 days after its perihelion peak. The behavior of comet C/2020 S3 (Erasmus) was more typical without dramatic fading, but still was asymmetric about perihelion, with a more rapid turn on before perihelion and more extended activity well after perihelion.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
