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arXiv 2211.01435astro-ph.EP
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对主带彗星的有针对性的搜索

A Targeted Search for Main Belt Comets

Léa Ferellec, Colin Snodgrass, Alan Fitzsimmons, Agata Rożek, Daniel Gardener, Richard Smith, Hissa Medeiros, Cyrielle Opitom, Henry H. Hsieh

摘要:

主带彗星(MBC)在主小行星带中占据类似小行星的轨道时表现出升华驱动的活动。MBC和候选者在15°附近的近日点的距离比其他来自外主带(OMB)的物体更强。MBCs的这种潜在性质可以通过观测类似轨道上的物体来促进发现新的候选者。我们在2018年至2020年期间使用INT/WFC获得了534颗目标小行星的深R波段图像。我们的样本由近日点附近观测到的OMB天体组成,近日点的倾角在0°和30°之间,轨道参数与已知的MBC相似。我们的管道对其中319个天体应用了活动检测方法,以寻找尾巴或彗星,并对剩余的小行星进行了目视检查。我们的活动探测管道突出了2001 NL 19(279870)附近的一个微弱的反太阳尾状特征,该特征于2018年11月7日,即近日点后六个月观察到。这与彗星活动是一致的,但在其下一个近日点期间需要对该物体进行更多的观测,以调查其潜在的MBC状态。如果它是活跃的,我们的调查产生的检测率为$\sim$ 1:300,这是高于以前的类似调查,支持的想法动态集群的MBC。如果不是,则与先前估计的海洋生物膜中的MBC丰度率(<1:500)相一致。

英文摘要:

Main Belt Comets (MBCs) exhibit sublimation-driven activity while occupying asteroid-like orbits in the Main Asteroid Belt. MBCs and candidates show stronger clustering of their longitudes of perihelion around 15° than other objects from the Outer Main Belt (OMB). This potential property of MBCs could facilitate the discovery of new candidates by observing objects in similar orbits. We acquired deep r-band images of 534 targeted asteroids using the INT/WFC between 2018 and 2020. Our sample is comprised of OMB objects observed near perihelion, with longitudes of perihelion between 0° and 30° and orbital parameters similar to knowns MBCs. Our pipeline applied activity detection methods to 319 of these objects to look for tails or comae, and we visually inspected the remaining asteroids. Our activity detection pipeline highlighted a faint anti-solar tail-like feature around 2001 NL19 (279870) observed on 2018 November 07, six months after perihelion. This is consistent with cometary activity but additional observations of this object will be needed during its next perihelion to investigate its potential MBC status. If it is active our survey yields a detection rate of $\sim$1:300, which is higher than previous similar surveys, supporting the idea of dynamical clustering of MBCs. If not, it is consistent with previously estimated abundance rates of MBCs in the OMB (<1:500).

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