arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0911.4154astro-ph.EP
收藏

主带彗星的动力学、起源和活化

Dynamics, Origin, and Activation of Main Belt Comets

Nader Haghighipour

摘要:

主带彗星(MBC)的发现引发了许多关于这些天体的起源和激活机制的问题。对这些天体动力学的研究结果表明,MBC是由大型冰质小行星分裂后的残余物就地形成的。模拟结果表明,与主带中的小行星类似,轨道偏心率小于0.2、倾角小于25度的MBC具有稳定的轨道,这意味着许多初始偏心率和倾角较大的MBC可能已经分散到小行星带的其他区域。在分散的MBC中,大约20%到达了类地行星的区域,在那里它们可能有助于地球上水的积累。模拟还表明,MBC和小天体之间的碰撞可能在触发这些天体的彗星活动方面发挥了重要作用。这样的碰撞可能暴露了次表层的水冰,这些水冰升华并在MBC周围产生了稀薄的大气和尾部。本文讨论了MBCs动力学的数值研究结果及其对这些物体起源的影响。还介绍了在小行星带外部对m级天体与千米级小行星碰撞进行大型数值模拟的结果,并讨论了碰撞触发激活设想的可行性。

英文摘要:

The discovery of Main Belt Comets (MBCs) has raised many questions regarding the origin and activation mechanism of these objects. Results of a study of the dynamics of these bodies suggest that MBCs were formed in-situ as the remnants of the break-up of large icy asteroids. Simulations show that similar to the asteroids in the main belt, MBCs with orbital eccentricities smaller than 0.2 and inclinations lower than 25 degrees have stable orbits implying that many MBCs with initially larger eccentricities and inclinations might have been scattered to other regions of the asteroid belt. Among scattered MBCs, approximately 20 percent reach the region of terrestrial planets where they might have contributed to the accumulation of water on Earth. Simulations also show that collisions among MBCs and small objects could have played an important role in triggering the cometary activity of these bodies. Such collisions might have exposed sub-surface water ice which sublimated and created thin atmospheres and tails around MBCs. This paper discusses the results of numerical studies of the dynamics of MBCs and their implications for the origin of these objects. The results of a large numerical modeling of the collisions of m-sized bodies with km-sized asteroids in the outer part of the asteroid belt are also presented and the viability of the collision-triggering activation scenario is discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑