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arXiv 0902.4315astro-ph.EP
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主带彗星P/2008 R1(加拉德)

Main-Belt Comet P/2008 R1 (Garradd)

David Jewitt, Bin Yang, Nader Haghighipour

摘要:

我们对新发现的主带彗星P/2008 R1(Garradd)进行了研究,该彗星具有小行星的动力学特征和彗星的物理特征。测光法将原子核的有效半径限制在r_e < 0.7 km(假设红色几何半径为0.05)。在我们的数据中,彗发显示了一种长期的衰落,这是由近核环境中的尘埃粒子逃逸造成的。光学反射光谱是一个几乎中性的连续光谱,没有气态发射谱线,由此我们得出了氰化物(CN)自由基产生速率的极限值Q_CN <1.4e ~(23)/s,并推断在我们观测时质量损失速率<1.5kg/s。与第一次报道的主带彗星不同,P/2008 R1在动力学上并不稳定。与木星的8:3平均运动共振在2000万年到3000万年的时间尺度上引起动力学不稳定。因此,我们得出结论,P/2008 R1最近来自其他更稳定的来源。轨道的高Tisserand参数(事实上,它的T_J = 3.216是所有彗星中最高的)指向小行星带本身的来源,而不是在柯伊伯带(木星家族彗星的假定来源)。我们推断P/2008 R1是一个来自外小行星带的冰体,其中升华是由近日点距离减小导致的温度升高引发的。

英文摘要:

We present a study of the newly-discovered main-belt comet P/2008 R1 (Garradd), an object with the dynamical characteristics of an asteroid and the physical characteristics of a comet. Photometry sets a limit to the effective radius of the nucleus at r_e < 0.7 km (red geometric albedo 0.05 assumed). The coma shows a secular fading in our data caused by the escape of dust particles from the near-nucleus environment. The optical reflection spectrum is a nearly neutral continuum devoid of gaseous emission lines, from which we derive a limit to the cyanide (CN) radical production rate of Q_CN <1.4e23/s and infer a mass loss rate <1.5 kg/s at the time of our observations. Unlike the first-reported main-belt comets, P/2008 R1 is not dynamically stable. The nearby 8:3 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter induces dynamical instability on timescales 20 to 30 Myr. Hence, we conclude that P/2008 R1 has recently arrived from a more stable source elsewhere. The high Tisserand parameter of the orbit (in fact, with T_J = 3.216 it is the highest of any comet) points to a source in the asteroid belt itself, instead of in the Kuiper belt (putative source of the Jupiter family comets). We infer that P/2008 R1 is an icy body from the outer asteroid belt in which sublimation has been triggered by rising temperatures resulting from a decreasing perihelion distance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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