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arXiv 1108.1978quant-phmath.CT
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作为过程范畴的Spekkens玩具理论

Spekkens's toy theory as a category of processes

Bob Coecke, Bill Edwards

摘要:

我们提供了两个数学描述Spekkens的玩具量子比特理论,归纳一个方面的一个小的发电机,以及明确的封闭形式的描述。它是有限集合、关系和卡氏积范畴的子范畴MSpek。最大知识的状态形成一个子范畴Spek。这建立了玩具理论的一致性,该理论以前只针对最多四个系统构建过。我们的模型还表明,该理论是封闭的并行和顺序组成的操作(=对称monoidal结构),它服从映射状态的对偶性(=紧凑的封闭),状态和效果是双射对应(=匕首结构)。从范畴量子力学的角度来看,这提供了一个有趣的替代模型,使我们能够以离散的方式描述许多量子现象,并且数学概念,如基础结构及其互补性,仍然适用。因此,范畴量子力学的框架已经兑现了它的承诺,涵盖了量子理论以外的理论。

英文摘要:

We provide two mathematical descriptions of Spekkens's toy qubit theory, an inductively one in terms of a small set of generators, as well as an explicit closed form description. It is a subcategory MSpek of the category of finite sets, relations and the cartesian product. States of maximal knowledge form a subcategory Spek. This establishes the consistency of the toy theory, which has previously only been constructed for at most four systems. Our model also shows that the theory is closed under both parallel and sequential composition of operations (= symmetric monoidal structure), that it obeys map-state duality (= compact closure), and that states and effects are in bijective correspondence (= dagger structure). From the perspective of categorical quantum mechanics, this provides an interesting alternative model which enables us to describe many quantum phenomena in a discrete manner, and to which mathematical concepts such as basis structures, and complementarity thereof, still apply. Hence, the framework of categorical quantum mechanics has delivered on its promise to encompass theories other than quantum theory.

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