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arXiv 1402.3583quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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广义概率模型中的投影测度序列

Sequences of projective measurements in generalized probabilistic models

Matthias Kleinmann

摘要:

我们定义了一个简单的规则,允许描述广泛的一类广义概率模型的投影测量序列。这门课包括量子力学和经典概率论,但也包括假设的波普斯库-罗利希箱。对于量子力学,这个定义产生了已建立的吕德斯规则,这是在测量后如何更新量子态的标准规则。在一般情况下,它可以被视为干扰最小或最连贯的方式来执行顺序测量。作为例子,我们表明,Spekkens的玩具模型是我们的定义的一个实例。我们还证明了强后量子关联的可能性,以及某些非量子玩具模型的三缝关联的存在。

英文摘要:

We define a simple rule that allows to describe sequences of projective measurements for a broad class of generalized probabilistic models. This class embraces quantum mechanics and classical probability theory, but, for example, also the hypothetical Popescu-Rohrlich box. For quantum mechanics, the definition yields the established Lüders's rule, which is the standard rule how to update the quantum state after a measurement. In the general case it can be seen as the least disturbing or most coherent way to perform sequential measurements. As example we show that Spekkens's toy model is an instance of our definition. We also demonstrate the possibility of strong post-quantum correlations as well as the existence of triple-slit correlations for certain non-quantum toy models.

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