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arXiv 1107.4426math.NTmath-phmath.MPmath.PR
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有限导体椭圆曲线L函数的随机矩阵模型

A Random Matrix Model for Elliptic Curve L-Functions of Finite Conductor

Eduardo Dueñez, Duc Khiem Huynh, Jon P. Keating, Steven J. Miller, Nina C. Snaith

摘要:

提出了有限导体椭圆曲线L函数族的随机矩阵模型。用数值方法观察到这些L函数的临界零点与临界带中心的排斥。J. Miller在2006年的研究中发现,这种行为定性地偏离了零点的几何极限分布(对于大导体,这种分布在适当的重新标度后有望接近正交矩阵的本征值的一能级密度)。我们考虑给定椭圆曲线的偶二次扭曲族。在我们的模型中的主要成分是随机正交矩阵的特征值分布的计算,其特征多项式在谱中的对称点大于某个给定值。我们称SO(2N)的这个子系综为切除正交系综。特征多项式的小值矩阵的筛选类似于Waldspurger和Kohnen-Zagier公式所隐含的L函数中心值的离散化,适合于椭圆曲线L函数建模的截止尺度相对于矩阵大小N呈指数小。一级密度的切除合奏可以表示在著名的雅可比系综,使前者被明确计算。它表现出一个指数级小的(平均间距的规模)硬间隙的截止值,其次是软排斥在一个更大的规模。这两个特征都不存在于SO(2N)的单能级密度中。当N趋于无穷大时,我们恢复了极限正交行为。我们的结果同意定性与米勒的差异。选择适当的截止给出了一个模型,在良好的定量协议与数论数据。

英文摘要:

We propose a random matrix model for families of elliptic curve L-functions of finite conductor. A repulsion of the critical zeros of these L-functions away from the center of the critical strip was observed numerically by S. J. Miller in 2006; such behaviour deviates qualitatively from the conjectural limiting distribution of the zeros (for large conductors this distribution is expected to approach the one-level density of eigenvalues of orthogonal matrices after appropriate rescaling).Our purpose here is to provide a random matrix model for Miller's surprising discovery. We consider the family of even quadratic twists of a given elliptic curve. The main ingredient in our model is a calculation of the eigenvalue distribution of random orthogonal matrices whose characteristic polynomials are larger than some given value at the symmetry point in the spectra. We call this sub-ensemble of SO(2N) the excised orthogonal ensemble. The sieving-off of matrices with small values of the characteristic polynomial is akin to the discretization of the central values of L-functions implied by the formula of Waldspurger and Kohnen-Zagier.The cut-off scale appropriate to modeling elliptic curve L-functions is exponentially small relative to the matrix size N. The one-level density of the excised ensemble can be expressed in terms of that of the well-known Jacobi ensemble, enabling the former to be explicitly calculated. It exhibits an exponentially small (on the scale of the mean spacing) hard gap determined by the cut-off value, followed by soft repulsion on a much larger scale. Neither of these features is present in the one-level density of SO(2N). When N tends to infinity we recover the limiting orthogonal behaviour. Our results agree qualitatively with Miller's discrepancy. Choosing the cut-off appropriately gives a model in good quantitative agreement with the number-theoretical data.

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