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arXiv 1105.3450astro-ph.CO
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宇宙不均匀性对平均宇宙动力学的影响

The effect of cosmic inhomogeneities on the average cosmological dynamics

T. P. Singh

摘要:

一般认为,在足够大的尺度上,宇宙是一个均匀的、各向同性的、带有暗能量的FRW宇宙学。非线性宇宙不均匀性的形成是否对大尺度FLRW的平均动力学产生显著影响?作为一个答案,我们建议,如果在均匀设置的长度尺度比哈勃长度尺度小得多,由于平均超过不均匀性的反反应是可以忽略不计的。这一结果得到了宇宙学中平均化研究的不止一种方法的支持。即使没有一种方法足够严格和令人信服,他们都同意在真实宇宙中平均的影响很小。另一方面,也许可以公平地说,还没有明确的观测证据表明确实存在一个比哈勃尺度小得多的均匀尺度,或者说,如果今天的宇宙在大尺度上确实是均匀的。如果哥白尼原理可以在观测上成立,或者在理论上假设是有效的,这就为大尺度上的均匀性提供了强有力的证据。然而,即使这本身也没有说明同质性的尺度是什么。如果这个尺度与今天的哈勃半径相当,那么只有完全非微扰的分析才能确定或排除宇宙学反作用的重要性。这份简短的基本报告总结了上述推论所依据的一些最新理论发展。

英文摘要:

It is generally assumed that on sufficiently large scales the Universe is well-described as a homogeneous, isotropic FRW cosmology with a dark energy. Does the formation of nonlinear cosmic inhomogeneities produce a significant effect on the average large-scale FLRW dynamics? As an answer, we suggest that if the length scale at which homogeneity sets in is much smaller than the Hubble length scale, the back-reaction due to averaging over inhomogeneities is negligible. This result is supported by more than one approach to study of averaging in cosmology. Even if no single approach is sufficiently rigorous and compelling, they are all in agreement that the effect of averaging in the real Universe is small. On the other hand, it is perhaps fair to say that there is no definitive observational evidence yet that there indeed is a homogeneity scale which is much smaller than the Hubble scale, or for that matter, if today's Universe is indeed homogeneous on large scales. If the Copernican principle can be observationally established to hold, or is theoretically assumed to be valid, this provides strong evidence for homogeneity on large scales. However, even this by itself does not say what the scale of homogeneity is. If that scale is today comparable to the Hubble radius, only a fully non-perturbative analysis can establish or rule out the importance of cosmological back-reaction. This brief elementary report summarizes some recent theoretical developments on which the above inferences are based.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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