arXiv 1010.34832010-10hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th

标度不变性作为宇宙学常数问题的一种解

Scale Invariance as a Solution to the Cosmological Constant Problem

Pankaj Jain, Subhadip Mitra, Sukanta Panda, Naveen K. Singh

备注：: 12 pages, no figures

摘要：

我们表明，尺度不变性提供了一个解决方案的微调问题的宇宙学常数。我们构造了粒子物理学标准模型的一个推广，它显示了精确的量子尺度不变性。物质作用量在任意维的全局尺度变换下是不变的。然而，引力作用明确地打破了尺度不变性。尺度对称性在理论的物质部分自发地被打破。我们证明了在完整的量子理论中，物质部分对真空能量的贡献以及因此对宇宙学常数的贡献都是零。然而，引力扇区可能会在圈级对宇宙学常数产生非零贡献。由于物质扇区对宇宙学常数的贡献为零，因此在环路阶数上不需要进行微调。我们还表明，我们不需要全尺度不变性，以限制物质部门的真空能量。我们只要求在伪尺度变换下的不变性。利用这一思想，并受幺模引力概念的启发，我们提出了一个替代模型。在这种情况下，我们也表明，物质部门给真空能量的贡献正好为零。

英文摘要：

We show that scale invariance provides a solution to the fine tuning problem of the cosmological constant. We construct a generalization of the standard model of particle physics which displays exact quantum scale invariance. The matter action is invariant under global scale transformations in arbitrary dimensions. However the gravitational action breaks scale invariance explicitly. The scale symmetry is broken spontaneously in the matter sector of the theory. We show that the contribution to the vacuum energy and hence the cosmological constant is identically zero from the matter sector within the full quantum theory. However the gravitational sector may give non-zero contributions to the cosmological constant at loop orders. No fine tuning may be required at loop orders since the matter sector gives zero contribution to the cosmological constant. We also show that we do not require full scale invariance in order to constrain the vacuum energy from the matter sector. We only require invariance under pseudoscale transformations. Using this idea and motivated by the concept of unimodular gravity we propose an alternative model. In this case also we show that matter sector gives exactly zero contribution to the vacuum energy.

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