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arXiv 1005.3769nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-ph
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稠密物质体粘滞系数的大振幅行为

Large amplitude behavior of the bulk viscosity of dense matter

Mark G. Alford, Simin Mahmoodifar, Kai Schwenzer

摘要:

我们研究了致密物质的体积粘度,考虑到非线性效应,出现在大幅度的“超热”区域的化学势从化学平衡的偏差$μ_Δ$满足$μ_Δ>T$。这种状态与不稳定模式(如r模式)有关,r模式的振幅会增长,直到被非线性效应饱和。研究了强子物质中直接和修正的Urca过程以及奇异夸克物质中非轻子弱相互作用引起的阻尼。我们给出了对任意稠密物质状态方程有效的一般结果,并发现超热效应可以强烈地增强粘性。我们的研究证实了以前的结果夸克物质,并表明,在强子物质的情况下,非线性增强甚至更强。我们的结果可以应用于快速旋转中子星的r模诱导自旋下降的计算,其中自旋下降时间依赖于r模的饱和振幅

英文摘要:

We study the bulk viscosity of dense matter, taking into account non-linear effects which arise in the large amplitude "supra-thermal" region where the deviation $μ_Δ$ of the chemical potentials from chemical equilibrium fulfills $μ_Δ>T$. This regime is relevant to unstable modes such as r-modes, which grow in amplitude until saturated by non-linear effects. We study the damping due to direct and modified Urca processes in hadronic matter, and due to nonleptonic weak interactions in strange quark matter. We give general results valid for an arbitrary equation of state of dense matter and find that the viscosity can be strongly enhanced by supra-thermal effects. Our study confirms previous results on quark matter and shows that the non-linear enhancement is even stronger in the case of hadronic matter. Our results can be applied to calculations of the r-mode-induced spin-down of fast-rotating neutron stars, where the spin-down time will depend on the saturation amplitude of the r-mode

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