We describe an efficient algorithm for the computation of separable isogenies between abelian varieties represented in the coordinate system given by algebraic theta functions. Let $A$ be an abelian variety of dimension $g$ defined over a field of odd characteristic. Our algorithm decomposes in two principal steps. First, given a theta null point for $A$ and a subgroup $K$ isotropic for the Weil pairing, we explain how to compute the theta null point corresponding to the quotient abelian variety $A/K$. Then, from the knowledge of a theta null point of $A/K$, we give an algorithm to obtain a rational expression for an isogeny from $A$ to $A/K$. The algorithm resulting as the combination of these two steps can be viewed as a higher dimensional analog of the well known algorithm of Vélu to compute isogenies between elliptic curves. In the case that $K$ is isomorphic to $(\Z / \ell \Z)^g$ for $\ell \in \N^*$, the overall time complexity of this algorithm is equivalent to $O(\log \ell)$ additions in $A$ and a constant number of $\ell^{th}$ root extractions in the base field of $A$. In order to improve the efficiency of our algorithms, we introduce a compressed representation that allows to encode a point of level $4\ell$ of a $g$ dimensional abelian variety using only $g(g+1)/2\cdot 4^g$ coordinates. We also give formulas to compute the Weil and commutator pairings given input points in theta coordinates.
We prove an extension of the Babbage-Enriques-Petri theorem for semi-canonical curves. We apply this to show that the Prym variety of a generic element of a codimension $k$ subvariety of $\mathcal{R}_{g}$ is not isogenous to another distinct Prym variety, under some mild assumption on $k$.
For a nonsingular projective curve $C$ of genus 3 defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p > 2$, we give a necessary and sufficient condition that the Jacobian variety $J(C)$ has a decomposed Richelot isogeny outgoing from it and we determine the structures of decomposed ones.
We construct a three-parameter family of non-hyperelliptic and bielliptic plane genus-three curves whose associated Prym variety is two-isogenous to the Jacobian variety of a general hyperelliptic genus-two curve. Our construction is based on the existence of special elliptic fibrations with the section on the associated Kummer surfaces that provide a simple geometric interpretation for the rational double cover induced by the two-isogeny between the abelian surfaces.
Castryck, Decru, and Smith used superspecial genus-2 curves and their Richelot isogeny graph for basing genus-2 isogeny cryptography, and recently, Costello and Smith devised an improved isogeny path-finding algorithm in the genus-2 setting. In order to establish a firm ground for the cryptographic construction and analysis, we give a new characterization of {\em decomposed Richelot isogenies} in terms of {\em involutive reduced automorphisms} of genus-2 curves over a finite field, and explicitly count such decomposed (and non-decomposed) Richelot isogenies between {\em superspecial} principal…
Let $(({\mathbb B} / Γ_1)', T(1))$ be á torsion free toroidal compactification with abelian minimal model $(A_1, D(1))$. An arbitrary principal isogeny $μ_a : A_2 \rightarrow A_1$, $a \in {\mathbb C}$ pulls-back $(A_1, D(1))$ to the abelian minimal model $(A_2, D(2))$ of a torsion free toroidal compactification $(({\mathbb B} / Γ_2)', D(2))$. The present work makes use of the isogeny pull-backs of abelian ball quotient models, towards the construction of infinite series of mutually non-birational co-abelian torsion free Galois covers $(({\mathbb B} / Γ_n)', T(n))$ of a ball quotient compactifi…
On $μ$-invariants and isogenies for abelian varieties over function fields
Indian Institute of Science（印度科学学院）；Harish-Chandra Research Institute（哈里什-钱德拉研究所）；Homi Bhabha National Institute（霍米·巴巴国立研究所）；Department of Mathematics, Chuo University（中央大学数学系）
As a generalization of Drinfeld modules, Greg Anderson introduced abelian t-modules and t-motives over a perfect field. In this article we study relative versions of these over rings. We investigate isogenies among them. Our main results state that every isogeny possesses a dual isogeny in the opposite direction, and that a morphism between abelian t-modules is an isogeny if and only if the corresponding morphism between their associated t-motives is an isogeny. We also study torsion submodules of abelian t-modules which in general are non-reduced group schemes. They can be obtained from the a…
We consider the structures formed by isogenies of abelian varieties with polarizations that are not necessarily principal, specifically with the $[\ell]$-polarizations we have previously defined. Our primary interest is in superspecial abelian varieties, where the isogenies are related to quaternionic hermitian forms. We first consider isogeny graphs. We show that these $[\ell]$-isogeny graphs are a generalized Brandt graph and construct them entirely in terms of definite quaternion algebras. We prove that they are connected and give examples to show that the regular graphs obtained are someti…
In this paper we study abelian varieties which correspond to CM points in the coarse moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties with multiplication by a maximal order in a quaternion algebra over a totally real number field. These are abelian varieties of even dimension with quaternion and complex multiplication. We describe them explicitly via isogenies to products of abelian varieties of smaller dimension together with estimates on the degree of the isogeny.
Faltings in 1983 proved that a necessary and sufficient condition for two abelian varieties $A$ and $B$ to be isogenous over a number field $K$ is that the local factors of the L-series of $A$ and $B$ are equal for almost all primes of $K$ ; for each such prime this implies that $A$ and $B$ have the same number of points over the residue field. We show in this article that for abelian varieties faithfully of type GSp (a class containing the abelian varieties with endomorphism ring $\mathbb{Z}$ and of odd dimension) `having the same number of points' may be replaced by `the number of points hav…
Let $A$ be an abelian variety of dimension $g$ together with a principal polarization $ϕ: A \rightarrow \hat{A}$ defined over a field $k$. Let $\ell$ be an odd integer prime to the characteristic of $k$ and let $K$ be a subgroup of $A[\ell]$ which is maximal isotropic for the Riemann form associated to $ϕ$. We suppose that $K$ is defined over $k$ and let $B=A/K$ be the quotient abelian variety together with a polarization compatible with $ϕ$. Then $B$, as a polarized abelian variety, and the isogeny $f:A\rightarrow B$ are also defined over $k$. In this paper, we describe an algorithm that take…
For a semi-stable abelian variety A_K over a complete discrete valuation field K, we show that every finite subgroup scheme of A_K extends to a log finite flat group scheme over the valuation ring of K endowed with the canonical log structure. To achieve this, we first prove that every weak log abelian variety over an fs log scheme with its underlying scheme locally noetherian, is a sheaf for the Kummer flat topology, which answers a question of Chikara Nakayama. We also give several equivalent conditions defining isogenies of log abelian varieties.
We say a mirror pair of Calabi-Yau varieties exhibits strong arithmetic mirror symmetry if the number of points on each variety over a finite field is equivalent, modulo the order of that field. We search for strong mirror symmetry in pencils of toric hypersurfaces generated using polar dual pairs of reflexive polytopes. We characterize the pencils of elliptic curves where strong arithmetic mirror symmetry arises, and provide experimental evidence that the phenomenon generalizes to higher dimensions. We also provide experimental evidence that pencils of K3 surfaces with the same Picard-Fuchs e…
We study (weak) log abelian varieties with constant degeneration in the log flat topology. If the base is a log point, we further study the endomorphism algebras of log abelian varieties. In particular, we prove the dual short exact sequence for isogenies, Poincaré complete reducibility theorem for log abelian varieties, and the semi-simplicity of the endomorphism algebras of log abelian varieties.
For any split totally degenerate abelian variety over a complete discrete valuation field, we construct a log abelian variety over the discrete valuation ring extending the given abelian variety. This generalizes the log Tate curve of Kato.
Consider all moduli points corresponding with polarized abelian varieties in characteristic p such that the associated quasi-polarized p-divisible group is geometrically isomorphic with a given one. This defines a subset C of the moduli space. We show that C is closed in the corresponding open Newton polygon stratum. In this way the stratum is the disjoint union of such "central leaves". Under local-local isogenies we consider the orbit of one point: we obtain a second type of leaves. Every stratum, up to a finite map, is the product of one of its central leaves and one of its isogeny leaves. …
The main purpose of this paper is to give an overview over the theory of abelian varieties, with main focus on Jacobian varieties of curves reaching from well-known results till to latest developments and their usage in cryptography. In the first part we provide the necessary mathematical background on abelian varieties, their torsion points, Honda-Tate theory, Galois representations, with emphasis on Jacobian varieties and hyperelliptic Jacobians. In the second part we focus on applications of abelian varieties on cryptography and treating separately, elliptic curve cryptography, genus 2 and …
We construct the fine moduli space of log abelian varieties with PEL structure, which gives a toroidal compactification of the moduli space of abelian varieties with PEL structure.
We analyze the relationship between abelian fourfolds of Weil type and Hodge structures of type K3, and we extend some of these correspondences to the case of arbitrary dimension.
Let $A$ be an abelian variety over an algebraically closed field. We show that $A$ is the automorphism group scheme of some smooth projective variety if and only if $A$ has only finitely many automorphisms as an algebraic group. This generalizes a result of Lombardo and Maffei for complex abelian varieties.
In this paper, using a generalization of the notion of Prym variety for covers of quasi-projective varieties, we prove a structure theorem for the Mordell-Weil group of the abelian varieties over function fields that are twists of Abelian varieties by Galois covers of irreducible quasi-projective varieties. In particular, the resutls we obtain contribute in the construction of Jacobians (of covers of the projective line) of high rank.
We prove that the geometric Bogomolov conjecture for any abelian varieties is reduced to that for nowhere degenerate abelian varieties with trivial trace. In particular, the geometric Bogomolov conjecture holds for abelian varieties whose maximal nowhere degenerate abelian subvariety is isogenous to a constant abelian variety. To prove the results, we investigate closed subvarieties of abelian schemes over constant varieties, where constant varieties are varieties over a function field which can be defined over the constant field of the function field.
We study finite quotients of abelian varieties (fqav for short) i.e. quotients of abelian varieties by finite groups. We show that Q-abelian varieties (i.e. fqav's with $\mathbb Q$-linearly trivial canonical divisors) are characterized by the existence of quasiétale polarized (or int-amplified) endomorphisms. We show that every fqav has a finite quasiétale cover by the product of an abelian variety and a $\mathbb Q$-Fano fqav. Using such coverings, we give a characterization of $\mathbb Q$-Fano fqav's, and show that $\mathbb Q$-Fano fqav's and Q-abelian varieties are ``building blocks'' of gen…
An automorphism of an abelian variety induces a decomposition of the variety up to isogeny. There are two such results, namely the isotypical decomposition and Roan's decomposition theorem. We show that they are essentially the same. Moreover, we generalize in a sense this result to abelian varieties with action of an arbitrary finite abelian group.
In this paper we improve our previous results on classification of groups of points on abelian varieties over finite fields. The classification is given in terms of the Weil polynomial of abelian varieties in a given $k$-isogeny class.
We introduce the notion of abelian solutions of the 2D Toda lattice equations and the bilinear discrete Hirota equation and show that all of them are algebro-geometric.
We prove constancy of Newton polygons of all convergent $F$-isocrystals on Abelian varieties over finite fields. Applying the constancy, we prove the isotriviality of projective smooth families of curves over Abelian varieties. We also study the isotriviality over simply connected projective smooth varieties.
We show that Albanese varieties of abelian covers of projective plane are isogenous to product of isogeny components of abelian varieties associated with singularities of the ramification locus. In particular Albanese varieties of abelian covers of projective plane ramified over arrangements of lines and uniformized by unit ball are isogenous to a product of Jacobians of Fermat curves. Periodicity of the sequence of (semi-abelian) Albanese varieties of unramified cyclic covers of complements to a plane singular curve is shown.
We show that polarisations of type (1,...,1,2g+2) on g-dimensional abelian varieties are $\it{never}$ very ample, if $g\geq 3$. This disproves a conjecture of Debarre, Hulek and Spandaw. We also give a criterion for non-embeddings of abelian varieties into 2g+1-dimensional linear systems.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. We give a birational characterization of ordinary abelian varieties over $k$: a smooth projective variety $X$ is birational to an ordinary abelian variety if and only if $κ_S(X)=0$ and $b_1(X)=2 \dim X$. We also give a similar characterization of abelian varieties as well: a smooth projective variety $X$ is birational to an abelian variety if and only if $κ(X)=0$, and the Albanese morphism $a: X \to A$ is generically finite. Along the way, we also show that if $κ_S (X)=0$ (or if $κ(X)=0$ and $a$ is generically finite) then the A…
We compute the Picard group of the universal abelian variety over the moduli stack $\mathscr A_{g,n}$ of principally polarized abelian varieties over $\mathbb{C}$ with a symplectic principal level $n$-structure. We then prove that over $\mathbb{C}$ the statement of the Franchetta conjecture holds in a suitable form for $\mathscr A_{g,n}$.
We study syzygies of abelian varieties via the methods of Caucci and Ito based on computations of cohomological rank functions. We provide some strong evidences to a conjecture of Ito and Lozovanu.
In this article, we give a complete description of the characteristic polynomials of supersingular abelian varieties over finite fields. We list them for the dimensions upto 7.
We show that certain abelian varieties A have the property that for every Hodge structure V in the cohomology of A, every effective Tate twist of V occurs in the cohomology of some abelian variety. We deduce the general Hodge conjecture for certain non-simple abelian varieties of type IV.
Inspired by a theorem of Gruson-Lazarsfeld-Peskine bounding the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of curves in projective spaces, we bound the Theta-regularity of curves in polarized abelian varieties.
In this article we use a Prym construction to study low dimensional abelian varieties with an action of the quaternion group. In special cases we describe the Shimura variety parameterizing such abelian varieties, as well as a map to this Shimura variety from a natural parameter space of quaternionic abelian varieties. Our description is based on the moduli of cubic threefolds with nine nodes, which we study in some detail.
This is a survey on motivic zeta functions associated to abelian varieties and Calabi-Yau varieties over a discretely valued field. We explain how they are related to Denef and Loeser's motivic zeta function associated to a complex hypersurface singularity and we investigate the relation between the poles of the zeta function and the eigenvalues of the monodromy action on the tame $\ell$-adic cohomology of the variety. The motivic zeta function allows to generalize many interesting arithmetic invariants from abelian varieties to Calabi-Yau varieties and to compute them explicitly on a model wi…
We give a proof of the Morrison--Kawamata cone conjecture for abelian varieties. The proof is a straightforward deduction from well-known results on the real endomorphism algebra of an abelian variety and reduction theory for self-dual homogeneous convex cones.
We prove that the torsion points of an abelian variety are equidistributed over the corresponding berkovich space with respect to the canonical measure.
We give upper and lower bounds on the number of points on abelian varieties over finite fields, and lower bounds specific to Jacobian varieties. We also determine exact formulas for the maximum and minimum number of points on Jacobian surfaces.
Starting from certain perverse sheaves on an abelian variety, including the intersection cohomology sheaves of curves and smooth ample divisors, we construct a semisimple super-Tannakian category.
