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arXiv 0907.0141math.NTmath.PR
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p-adic逼近的度量理论

The metric theory of p-adic approximation

Alan K. Haynes

摘要:

度量丢番图逼近在其经典形式是研究如何以及几乎所有的实数可以近似的有理数。有一个很长的历史的结果,给这个问题的部分答案,但仍然有问题仍然是未知的。Duffin-Schaeffer猜想试图完整地回答所有这些问题,它经受住了50多年的数学研究。本文建立了Duffin-Schaeffer猜想与它的p-adic类比之间的强联系。我们的主要定理是转移原理,它允许我们在这两个问题之间来回。我们证明了如果概率论的方差方法可以用来解决p进的Duffin-Schaeffer猜想,即使是一个素数p,那么几乎整个经典的Duffin-Schaeffer猜想将遵循。相反,如果方差方法可以用来证明经典猜想,那么p-adic猜想对所有素数都成立。此外,我们能够无条件地和完全建立更高的维模拟这个猜想中,我们允许同时近似在任何有限数量和组合的真正和p-adic领域,只要涉及的领域的总数是大于一。最后,利用Hausdorff测度的质量转移原理,我们将所有的结果推广到与任意维数函数相关的Haar测度所取代的相应类似物上.

英文摘要:

Metric Diophantine approximation in its classical form is the study of how well almost all real numbers can be approximated by rationals. There is a long history of results which give partial answers to this problem, but there are still questions which remain unknown. The Duffin-Schaeffer Conjecture is an attempt to answer all of these questions in full, and it has withstood more than fifty years of mathematical investigation. In this paper we establish a strong connection between the Duffin-Schaeffer Conjecture and its p-adic analogue. Our main theorems are transfer principles which allow us to go back and forth between these two problems. We prove that if the variance method from probability theory can be used to solve the p-adic Duffin-Schaeffer Conjecture for even one prime p, then almost the entire classical Duffin-Schaeffer Conjecture would follow. Conversely if the variance method can be used to prove the classical conjecture then the p-adic conjecture is true for all primes. Furthermore we are able to unconditionally and completely establish the higher dimensional analogue of this conjecture in which we allow simultaneous approximation in any finite number and combination of real and p-adic fields, as long as the total number of fields involved is greater than one. Finally by using a mass transference principle for Hausdorff measures we are able to extend all of our results to their corresponding analogues with Haar measures replaced by the Hausdorff measures associated with arbitrary dimension functions.

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