Let $A$ be a special homotopy G-algebra over a commutative unital ring $\Bbbk$ such that both $H(A)$ and $\operatorname{Tor}_{i}^{A}(\Bbbk,\Bbbk)$ are finitely generated $\Bbbk$-modules for all $i$, and let $τ_{i}(A)$ be the cardinality of a minimal generating set for the $\Bbbk$-module $\operatorname{Tor}_{i}^{A}(\Bbbk,\Bbbk).$ Then the set ${τ_{i}(A)} $ is unbounded if and only if $\tilde{H}(A)$ has two or more algebra generators. When $A=C^{\ast}(X;\Bbbk)$ is the simplicial cochain complex of a simply connected finite $CW$-complex $X,$ there is a similar statement for the "Betti numbers" of the loop space $ΩX.$ This unifies existing proofs over a field $\Bbbk$ of zero or positive characteristic.
We give explicit formulas for the Betti numbers, both stable and unstable, of the unordered configuration spaces of an arbitrary surface of finite type.
A divide-and-conquer algorithm for computing the Betti numbers of finite $T_0$-spaces is presented. It extensively uses the Mayer-Vietoris sequence for open coverings. In the end, the computational costs for a parallelisation of this method are given.
We compute the (rational) Betti number of real toric varieties associated to Weyl chambers of type $B$. Furthermore, we show that their integral cohomology is $p$-torsion free for all odd primes $p$.
We point out a gap in the proof of the Davis--Januszkiewicz theorem on cohomology of small covers of simple polytopes, and give a correction to this proof. We use this theorem to compute explicitly the Betti numbers for a wide class of two-fold coverings over small covers. We describe a series of examples in this class and explain why this class turns out to be special in the context of the general problem of computing the modulo two Betti numbers of two-fold coverings over small covers.
We will prove that the number of deformation equivalence classes of surfaces homotopy equivalent to a smooth, closed 4-manifold is finite, if the first Betti number is equal to one, and the second Betti number is equal to zero.
The purpose of this document is to provide data about known Betti numbers of unordered configuration spaces of small graphs in order to guide research and avoid duplicated effort. It contains information for connected multigraphs having at most nine edges which contain no loops, no bivalent vertices, and no internal (i.e., non-leaf) bridges.
The main result is a general approximation theorem for normalised Betti numbers for Farber sequences of lattices in totally disconnected groups. Further, we contribute some computations and complements to the general theory of $L^2$-Betti numbers of totally disconnected groups.
We show the minimal total Betti number of a closed almost complex manifold of dimension $2n\ge 8$ is four, thus confirming a conjecture of Sullivan except for dimension $6$. Along the way, we prove the only simply connected closed complex manifold having total Betti number three is the complex projective plane.
In this paper we discuss how the question about the rationality of L^2-Betti numbers is related to the Isomorphism Conjecture in algebraic K-theory and why in this context noncommutative localization appears as an important tool.
We prove that the total Betti number of the intersection X of three quadrics in RP^n is bounded by n(n+1). This bound improves the classical Barvinok's one which is at least of order three in n.
We use stratified Morse theory for a manifold with corners to give a new bound for the sum of the Betti numbers of a hypersurface in R^n_> defined by a polynomial with n+l+1 terms.
Two simple polytopes of dimension 3 having the identical bigraded Betti numbers but non-isomorphic Tor-algebras are presented. These polytopes provide two homotopically different moment-angle manifolds having the same bigraded Betti numbers. These two simple polytopes are the first examples of polytopes that are (toric) cohomologically rigid but not combinatorially rigid.
We provide a proof that the vanishing of $\ell^2$-Betti numbers of unimodular locally compact second countable groups is an invariant of coarse equivalence.
We show that, for any $k\geq 1$, there exist non-formal compact orientable $(k-1)$-connected $n$-manifolds with $k$-th Betti number $b_k=b\geq 0$ if and only if $n\geq \max \{4k-1, 4k+3-2b\}$.
We study mathematical expectations of Betti numbers of configuration spaces of planar linkages, viewing the lengths of the bars of the linkage as random variables. Our main result gives an explicit asymptotic formulae for these mathematical expectations for two distinct probability measures describing the statistics of the length vectors when the number of links tends to infinity. In the proof we use a combination of geometric and analytic tools. The average Betti numbers are expressed in terms of volumes of intersections of a simplex with certain half-spaces.
There are notions of L^2-Betti numbers for discrete groups (Cheeger-Gromov, Lueck), for type II_1-factors (recent work of Connes-Shlyakhtenko) and for countable standard equivalence relations (Gaboriau). Whereas the first two are algebraically defined using Lueck's dimension theory,Gaboriau's definition of the latter is inspired by the work of Cheeger and Gromov. In this article we give a definition of L^2-Betti numbers of discrete measured groupoids that is based on Lueck's dimension theory, thereby encompassing the cases of groups,equivalence relations and holonomy groupoids with an invarian…
The total Betti number of the independence complex of a graph is an intriguing graph invariant. Kalai and Meshulam have raised the question on its relation to cycles and the chromatic number of a graph, and a recent conjecture on that theme was proved by Bonamy, Charbit and Thomasse. We show an upper bound on the total Betti number in terms of the number of vertex disjoint cycles in a graph. The main technique is discrete Morse theory and building poset maps. Ramanujan graphs with arbitrary chromatic number and girth log(n) is a classical construction. We show that any subgraph of them with le…
This survey is an extended version of a talk during the Arbeitsgemeinschaft on totally disconnected locally compact groups, held in Oberwolfach in October 2014. We explain the definition of l2-Betti numbers of locally compact groups -- both discrete and non-discrete. Specific topics include proportionality principle, dimension function, Petersen's definition for locally compact groups, examples.
We provide a proof for an inequality between volume and L2-Betti numbers of aspherical manifolds for which Gromov outlined a strategy based on general ideas of Connes. The implementation of that strategy involves measured equivalence relations, Gaboriau's theory of L2-Betti numbers of R-simplicial complexes, and other themes of measurable group theory. Further, we prove new vanishing theorems for L2-Betti numbers that generalize a classical result of Cheeger and Gromov. As one of the corollaries, we obtain a gap theorem which implies vanishing of L2-Betti numbers of an aspherical manifold when…
In this paper we describe a singly exponential algorithm for computing the first Betti number of a given semi-algebraic set. Singly exponential algorithms for computing the zero-th Betti number, and the Euler-Poincaré characteristic, were known before. No singly exponential algorithm was known for computing any of the individual Betti numbers other than the zero-th one. We also give algorithms for obtaining semi-algebraic descriptions of the semi-algebraically connected components of any given real algebraic or semi-algebraic set in single-exponential time improving on previous results.
We investigate dynamical analogues of the $L^2$-Betti numbers for modules over integral group ring of a discrete sofic group. In particular, we show that the $L^2$-Betti numbers exactly measure the failure of addition formula for dynamical invariants.
There have been several recent articles studying homology of various types of random simplicial complexes. Several theorems have concerned thresholds for vanishing of homology, and in some cases expectations of the Betti numbers. However little seems known so far about limiting distributions of random Betti numbers. In this article we establish Poisson and normal approximation theorems for Betti numbers of different kinds of random simplicial complex: Erdős-Rényi random clique complexes, random Vietoris-Rips complexes, and random Čech complexes. These results may be of practical interest in to…
We study the persistent homology of random Čech complexes. Generalizing a method of Penrose for studying random geometric graphs, we first describe an appropriate theoretical framework in which we can state and address our main questions. Then we define the kth persistent Betti number of a random Čech complex and determine its asymptotic order in the subcritical regime. This extends a result of Kahle on the asymptotic order of the ordinary kth Betti number of such complexes to the persistent setting.
It is shown that the Novikov inequalities for critical points of closed 1-forms hold with the von Neumann Betti numbers replacing the Novikov numbers. As a corollary we obtain a vanishing theorem for $L^2$ cohomology, generalizing a theorem of W. Lueck. We also prove that von Neumann Betti numbers coincide with the Novikov numbers for free abelian coverings.
