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arXiv 0905.0303cond-mat.stat-mech
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用阶跃分数布朗运动和广义分数朗之万方程模拟单粒子扩散

Modeling Single-File Diffusion by Step Fractional Brownian Motion and Generalized Fractional Langevin Equation

S. C. Lim, L. P. Teo

摘要:

单排扩散在短时间内表现为正常扩散,在长时间内表现为反常亚扩散。这些性质可以用变Hurst指数的分数布朗运动或多重分数布朗运动来描述。本文引入了一种新的随机过程Riemann-Liouville阶梯分数布朗运动,它可以看作是阶梯函数型为Hurst指数的多分数布朗运动的一种特殊情况。这样的阶跃分数布朗运动可以作为零阻尼分数朗之万方程的解而得到。然后考虑各种类型的分数朗之万方程及其推广,以确定它们的解是否提供了正确的描述的长时间和短时间行为的单列扩散。耗散记忆核是狄拉克δ函数,幂律函数,以及这两种功能的组合的情况下,进行了详细研究。除了单行扩散的短时间行为表现为正常扩散的情况下,我们还考虑了弹道运动开始的过程的可能性。

英文摘要:

Single-file diffusion behaves as normal diffusion at small time and as anomalous subdiffusion at large time. These properties can be described by fractional Brownian motion with variable Hurst exponent or multifractional Brownian motion. We introduce a new stochastic process called Riemann-Liouville step fractional Brownian motion which can be regarded as a special case of multifractional Brownian motion with step function type of Hurst exponent tailored for single-file diffusion. Such a step fractional Brownian motion can be obtained as solution of fractional Langevin equation with zero damping. Various types of fractional Langevin equations and their generalizations are then considered to decide whether their solutions provide the correct description of the long and short time behaviors of single-file diffusion. The cases where dissipative memory kernel is a Dirac delta function, a power-law function, and a combination of both of these functions, are studied in detail. In addition to the case where the short time behavior of single-file diffusion behaves as normal diffusion, we also consider the possibility of the process that begins as ballistic motion.

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