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arXiv 0904.2205hep-thgr-qchep-latmath-phmath.MP
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对称破缺:非微扰QFT和拓扑跃迁的新范式

Symmetry Breaking: A New Paradigm for Non-Perturbative QFT and Topological Transitions

D. D. Ferrante

摘要:

对称性破缺被作为一个“基本原理”,将QFT的不同特征展现在人们面前。然而,这里使用的对称破缺的理解与主流的理解有很大的不同:对称破缺被理解为给定QFT的解集,它的真空流形,或者更现代的,它的模空间。不同的解对应于理论的不同扇区、相位,它们只不过是真空流形的不同叶理,或者是模空间中的点(对于理论参数的所有可能值)。在这个框架下,我们将研究三个不同的问题:“软化QFT”、“拓扑变换与几何朗兰兹对偶”和“三维引力及其相变“。第一部分利用量子场论的模空间来构造一个适当的模空间,使它能够在洛伦兹空间中模拟量子场论,正面解决“符号问题”。第二部分指出了每一个不同的相都有自己的拓扑结构,这些拓扑结构可以作为超选规则,并且每一个相的欧拉特征线给出了它的量子化条件。几个对偶性的工作机制也将得到阐明。最后一部分将通过D-模的维数构造来推广0维QFT,并推测Airy函数的李代数值扩张与最近发现的具有负宇宙学常数的三维引力配分函数之间的几种联系。这三个问题,放在一起,应该表现出一个坚实的和强大的框架下处理QFT这一新的范式。

英文摘要:

Symmetry Breaking is used as an "underlying principle", bringing different features of QFT to the foreground. However, the understanding of Symmetry Breaking that is used here is quite different from what is done in the mainstream: Symmetry Breaking is understood as the solution set of a given QFT, its vacuum manifold, or, more modernly, its Moduli Space. Distinct solutions correspond to different sectors, phases, of the theory, which are nothing but distinct foliations of the vacuum manifold, or points in the Moduli Space (for all possible values of the parameters of the theory). Under this framework, three different problems will be attacked: "Mollifying QFT", "Topological Transitions and Geometric Langlands Duality" and "Three-dimensional Gravity and its Phase Transitions". The first makes use of the Moduli Space of the theory in order to construct an appropriate mollification of it, rendering it viable to simulate a QFT in Lorentzian spaces, tackling the "sign problem" heads-on. The connections with Lee-Yang zeros and Stokes Phenomena will be made clear. The second will show that each different phase has its own topology which can be used as Superselection Rule; moreover, the Euler Characteristic of each phase gives it quantization condition. The mechanism via which several dualities work will also be elucidated. The last one will generalize a 0-dimensional QFT, via dimensional construction through its D-Module, and conjecture several connections between the Lie-algebra-valued extension of the Airy function and the recent Partition Function found for three-dimensional gravity with a negative cosmological constant. These three problems, put together, should exhibit a solid and robust framework for treating QFT under this new paradigm.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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