After recalling in detail some basic definitions on Hilbert C*-bimodules, Morita equivalence and imprimitivity, we discuss a spectral reconstruction theorem for imprimitivity Hilbert C*-bimodules over commutative unital C*-algebras and consider some of its applications in the theory of commutative full C*-categories.
There are at least three imprimitivity bimodules naturally associated to a maximal coaction of a discrete group G on a C*-algebra and a normal subgroup of G: Mansfield's bimodule; the bimodule assembled by Ng from Green's imprimitivity bimodule and Katayama duality; and a bimodule assembled from Green's bimodule and a crossed-product Mansfield bimodule. We show that all three of these are isomorphic, so that the corresponding inducing maps on representations are identical. This can be interpreted as saying that Mansfield and Green induction are inverses of one another ``modulo Katayama duality…
We give a definition of Toeplitz matrix acting on the $\ell^2$-space of an imprimitivity bimodule $X$ over a $C^*$-algebra $A$. We characterize the set of Toeplitz matrices as the closure in a certain topology of the image of the left regular representation of the crossed product $A\rtimes X$.
We consider a class of proper actions of locally compact groups on imprimitivity bimodules over C*-algebras which behave like the proper actions on C*-algebras introduced by Rieffel in 1988. We prove that every such action gives rise to a Morita equivalence between a crossed product and a generalized fixed-point algebra, and in doing so make several innovations which improve the applicability of Rieffel's theory. We then show how our construction can be used to obtain canonical tensor-product decompositions of important Morita equivalences. Our results show, for example, that the different pro…
In this paper, we will introduce a notion of basis related Morita equivalence in the Cuntz--Krieger algebras $({\mathcal{O}_A}, \{S_a\}_{a \in E_A})$ with the canonical right finite basis $\{S_a\}_{a \in E_A}$ as Hilbert $C^*$-bimodule, and prove that two nonnegative irreducible matrices $A$ and $B$ are elementary equivalent, that is, $A = CD, B = DC$ for some nonnegative rectangular matrices $C, D$, if and only if the Cuntz--Krieger algebras $({\mathcal{O}_A}, \{S_a\}_{a \in E_A})$ and $({\mathcal{O}_B}, \{ S_b\}_{b\in E_B})$ with the canonical right finite bases are basis relatedly elementar…
Imprimitivity theorems provide a fundamental tool for studying the representation theory and structure of crossed-product C*-algebras. In this work, we show that the Imprimitivity Theorem for induced algebras, Green's Imprimitivity Theorem for actions of groups, and Mansfield's Imprimitivity Theorem for coactions of groups can all be viewed as natural equivalences between various crossed-product functors among certain equivariant categories. The categories involved have C*-algebras with actions or coactions (or both) of a fixed locally compact group G as their objects, and equivariant equivale…
For any maximal coaction (A, G, delta) and any closed normal subgroup N of G, there exists an imprimitivity bimodule Y between the full crossed product A x G x N and A x G/N, together with a compatible coaction delta_Y of G. The assignment (A, delta) -> (Y, delta_Y) implements a natural equivalence between the crossed-product functors "x G x N" and "x G/N", in the category whose objects are maximal coactions of G and whose morphisms are isomorphism classes of right-Hilbert bimodule coactions of G.
Let U, V, and W be multiplicative unitaries coming from discrete Kac systems such that W is an amenable normal submultiplicative unitary of V with quotient U. We define notions for right-Hilbert bimodules of coactions of S_V and (S_V)^, their restrictions to S_W and (S_U)^, their dual coactions, and their full and reduced crossed products. If N(A) denotes the imprimitivity bimodule associated to any coaction of S_V on a C*-algebra A by Ng's imprimitivity theorem, then for any suitably nondegenerate injective coaction of S_V on a right-Hilbert A - B bimodule X we establish an isomorphism betwee…
We initiate a careful study of a generalized symmetric imprimitivity theory for commuting proper actions of locally compact groups H and K on a C*-algebra.
Our goal in this paper and two sequels is to apply the Yamagami-Muhly-Williams equivalence theorem for Fell bundles over groupoids to recover and extend all known imprimitivity theorems involving groups. Here we extend Raeburn's symmetric imprimitivity theorem, and also, in an appendix, we develop a number of tools for the theory of Fell bundles that have not previously appeared in the literature.
We define proper, free and commuting partial actions on upper semicontinuous bundles of $C^*-$algebras. With such, we construct the $C^*-$algebra induced by a partial action and a partial actions on that algebra. Using those action we give a generalization, to partial actions, of Raeburn's Symmetric Imprimitivity Theorem.
In the third and latest paper in this series, we recover the imprimitivity theorems of Mansfield and Fell using our technique of Fell bundles over groupoids. Also, we apply the Rieffel Surjection of the first paper in the series to relate our version of Mansfield's theorem to that of an Huef and Raeburn, and to give an automatic amenability result for certain transformation Fell bundles.
Let $δ$ be a nondegenerate coaction of G on a C*-algebra B, and let H be a closed subgroup of G. The dual action of H on $B\times_δG$ is proper and saturated in the sense of Rieffel, and the generalised fixed-point algebra is the crossed product of B by the homogeneous space G/H. The resulting Morita equivalence is a version of Mansfield's imprimitivity theorem which requires neither amenability nor normality of H.
We study induced representations of Hilbert modules over locally C*-algebras and their non-degeneracy. We show that if $V$ and $W$ are Morita equivalent Hilbert modules over locally C*-algebras $A$ and $B$, respectively, then there exists a bijective correspondence between equivalence classes of non-degenerate representations of $V$ and $W$.
In this paper we define a monoid called the equivariant Brauer semigroup for a locally compact Hausdorff groupoid E whose elements consist of Morita equivalence classes of E-dynamical systems. This construction generalizes both the equivariant Brauer semigroup for transformation groups and the equivariant Brauer group for a groupoid. We show that groupoid equivalence induces an isomorphism of equivariant Brauer semigroups and that this isomorphism preserves the Morita equivalence classes of the respective crossedproducts, thus generalizing Raeburn's symmetric imprimitivity theorem.
Mansfield showed how to induce representations of crossed products of C*-algebras by coactions from crossed products by quotient groups and proved an imprimitivity theorem characterising these induced representations. We give an alternative construction of his bimodule in the case of dual coactions, based on the symmetric imprimitivity theorem of the third author; this provides a more workable way of inducing representations of crossed products of C*-algebras by dual coactions. The construction works for homogeneous spaces as well as quotient groups, and we prove an imprimitivity theorem for t…
In a recent paper the authors introduced universal and exotic generalized fixed-point algebras for weakly proper group actions on C*-algebras. Here we extend the notion of weakly proper actions to actions on Hilbert modules. As a result we obtain several imprimitivity theorems establishing important Morita equivalences between universal, reduced, or exotic crossed products and appropriate universal, reduced, or exotic fixed-point algebras, respectively. In particular, we obtain an exotic version of Green's imprimitivity theorem and a very general version of the symmetric imprimitivity theorem …
A Morita equivalence similar to that found by Green for crossed products by groups will be established for crossed products by inverse semigroups. More precisely, let $G$ be an inverse semigroup, $H$ a finite sub-inverse semigroup of $G$ and $A$ a $G$-algebra or a $H$-algebra. Then the crossed product $A \rtimes H$ is Morita equivalent to a certain crossed product $B \rtimes G$.
The first imprimitivity theorems identified the representations of groups or dynamical systems which are induced from representations of a subgroup. Symmetric imprimitivity theorems identify pairs of crossed products by different groups which are Morita equivalent, and hence have the same representation theory. Here we consider commuting actions of groups $H$ and $K$ on a $C^*$-algebra which are saturated and proper as defined by Rieffel in 1990. Our main result says that the resulting Morita equivalence of crossed products is natural in the sense that it is compatible with homomorphisms and i…
We apply the One-Sided Action Theorem from the first paper in this series to prove that Rieffel's Morita equivalence between the reduced crossed product by a proper saturated action and the generalized fixed-point algebra is a quotient of a Morita equivalence between the full crossed product and a "universal" fixed-point algebra. We give several applications, to Fell bundles over groups, reduced crossed products as fixed-point algebras, and C*-bundles.
Using the theory of weakly proper actions of locally compact groups recently developed by the authors, we give a unified proof of both reduced and maximal versions of Mansfield's Imprimitivity Theorem and obtain a general version of Landstad's Duality Theorem for twisted group coactions. As one application, we obtain the stabilization trick for arbitrary twisted coactions, showing that every twisted coaction is Morita equivalent to an inflated coaction.
In the framework of locally compact quantum groups, we provide an induction procedure for unitary corepresentations as well as coactions on C*-algebras. We prove imprimitivity theorems that unify the existing theorems for actions and coactions of groups. We essentially use von Neumann algebraic techniques.
The Symmetric Imprimitivity Theorem provides a Morita equivalence between two crossed products of induced C*-algebras. Quigg and Spielberg proved, by indirect but ingenious methods, that the symmetric imprimitivity theorem has an analog for reduced crossed products. Here we identify the representations which induce to regular representations under the equivalence of the symmetric theorem. We use this result to show that regular representations themselves almost always induce to regular representations. In addition, we obtain a direct proof of the theorem of Quigg and Spielberg.
Green's theorem gives a Morita equivalence $C_0(G/H,A)\rtimes G\sim A\rtimes H$ for a closed subgroup $H$ of a locally compact group $G$ acting on a $C^*$-algebra $A$. We prove an analogue of Green's theorem in the case $G=\mathbb{Z}$, where the automorphism generating the action is replaced by a Hilbert $C^*$-bimodule.
In this note we extend the spectral theorem for bimodules to the higher rank graph C*-algebra context. Under the assumption that the graph is row finite and has no sources, we show that a bimodule over a natural abelian subalgebra is determined by its spectrum iff it is generated by the Cuntz-Krieger partial isometries which it contains iff the bimodule is invariant under the gauge automorphisms. We also show that the natural abelian subalgebra is a masa iff the higher rank graph satisfies an aperiodicity condition.
In a 1991 paper, R. Mercer asserted that a Cartan bimodule isomorphism between Cartan bimodule algebras A_1 and A_2 extends uniquely to a normal *-isomorphism of the von Neumann algebras generated by A_1 and A_2 [13, Corollary 4.3]. Mercer's argument relied upon the Spectral Theorem for Bimodules of Muhly, Saito and Solel [15, Theorem 2.5]. Unfortunately, the arguments in the literature supporting [15, Theorem 2.5] contain gaps, and hence Mercer's proof is incomplete. In this paper, we use the outline in [16, Remark 2.17] to give a proof of Mercer's Theorem under the additional hypothesis that…
Suppose a C*-algebra A acts by adjointable operators on a Hilbert A-module X. Pimsner constructed a C*-algebra O_X which includes, for particular choices of X, crossed products of A by Z, the Cuntz algebras O_n, and the Cuntz-Krieger algebras O_B. Here we analyse the representations of the corresponding Toeplitz algebra. One consequence is a uniqueness theorem for the Toeplitz-Cuntz-Krieger algebras of directed graphs, which includes Cuntz's uniqueness theorem for O_\infty.
A Banach involutive algebra is called a Krein C*-algebra if there is a fundamental symmetry (an involutive automorphism of period 2) such that the C*-property is satisfied when the original involution is replaced with the new one obtained by composing the automorphism with the old involution. For a given fundamental symmetry, a Krein C*-algebra decomposes as a direct sum of an even part (a C*-algebra) and an odd part (a Hilbert C*-bimodule on the even part). Our goal here is to develop a spectral theory for commutative unital Krein C*-algebras when the odd part is a symmetric imprimitivity C*-…
It is shown that a C*-algebra generated by any faithful covariant representation of a Hilbert bimodule X is canonically isomorphic to the crossed product associated to X provided that Rieffel's induced representation functor X-ind is topologically free. It is discussed how this result could be applied to universal C*-algebras generated by relations with a circle gauge action. In particular, it leads to generalizations of isomorphism theorems for various crossed products, and is shown to be equivalent to Cuntz-Krieger uniqueness theorem for finite graph C*-algebras (on that occasion an intrigui…
We consider C*-algebras generated by a single Hilbert bimodule (Pimsner-Toeplitz algebras) and by a product systems of Hilbert bimodules. We give a new proof of a theorem of Pimsner, which states that any representation of the generating bimodule gives rise to a representation of the Pimsner-Toeplitz algebra. Our proof does not make use of the conditional expectation onto the subalgebra invariant under the dual action of the circle group. We then prove the analogous statement for the case of product systems, generalizing a theorem of Arveson from the case of product systems of Hilbert spaces.
A Hilbert bimodule is a right Hilbert module X over a C*-algebra A together with a left action of A as adjointable operators on X. We consider families X = {X_s :s\in P} of Hilbert bimodules, indexed by a semigroup P, which are endowed with a multiplication which implements isomorphisms X_s\otimes_A X_t \to X_{st}; such a family is a called a product system. We define a generalized Cuntz- Pimsner algebra O_X, and we show that every twisted crossed product of A by P can be realized as O_X for a suitable product system X. Assuming P is quasi- lattice ordered in the sense of Nica, we analyze a ce…
We show that two operator algebras are strongly Morita equivalent (in the sense of Blecher, Muhly and Paulsen) if and only if their categories of operator modules are equivalent via completely contractive functors. Moreover, any such functor is completely isometrically isomorphic to the Haagerup tensor product (= interior tensor product) with a strong Morita equivalence bimodule.
We study operator spaces, operator algebras, and operator modules, from the point of view of the `noncommutative Shilov boundary'. In this attempt to utilize some `noncommutative Choquet theory', we find that Hilbert C$^*-$modules and their properties, which we studied earlier in the operator space framework, replace certain topological tools. We introduce certain multiplier operator algebras and C$^*-$algebras of an operator space, which generalize the algebras of adjointable operators on a C$^*-$module, and the `imprimitivity C$^*-$algebra'. It also generalizes a classical Banach space notio…
Fowler introduced the notion of a product system: a collection of Hilbert bimodules $\mathbf{X}=\left\{\mathbf{X}_p:p\in P\right\}$ indexed by a semigroup $P$, endowed with a multiplication implementing isomorphisms $\mathbf{X}_p\otimes_A \mathbf{X}_q\cong \mathbf{X}_{pq}$. When $P$ is quasi-lattice ordered, Fowler showed how to associate a $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{NT}_\mathbf{X}$ to $\mathbf{X}$, generated by a universal representation satisfying some covariance condition. In this article we prove a uniqueness theorem for these so called Nica-Toeplitz algebras.
We introduce a way of regarding Hilbert von Neumann modules as spaces of operators between Hilbert space, not unlike [Skei], but in an apparently much simpler manner and involving far less machinery. We verify that our definition is equivalent to that of [Skei], by verifying the `Riesz lemma' or what is called `self-duality' in [Skei]. An advantage with our approach is that we can totally side-step the need to go through $C^*$-modules and avoid the two stages of completion - first in norm, then in the strong operator topology - involved in the former approach. We establish the analogue of the …
Results of Haagerup and Schultz (2009) about existence of invariant subspaces that decompose the Brown measure are extended to a large class of unbounded operators affiliated to a tracial von Neumann algebra. These subspaces are used to decompose an arbitrary operator in this class into the sum of a normal operator and a spectrally negligible operator. This latter result is used to prove that, on a bimodule over a tracial von Neumann algebra that is closed with respect to logarithmic submajorization, every trace is spectral, in the sense that the trace value on an operator depends only on the …