New results for Petrov type D pure radiation fields
Liselotte De Groote, Norbert Van den Bergh
我们提出了一族新的具有无剪切、非发散测地主零汇的Petrov型D纯辐射时空。
We present a new family of Petrov type D pure radiation spacetimes with a shear-free, non-diverging geodesic principal null congruence.
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We present all Petrov type D pure radiation space-times, with or without cosmological constant, with a shear-free, non-diverging geodesic principal null congruence.
An exhaustive classification of aligned Petrov type D purely magnetic perfect fluids
我们证明，对准彼得罗夫D型纯磁性完美流体必然是局部旋转对称的，因此都是明确已知的。
Note on aligned Petrov type D purely magnetic perfect fluids
最近，我们发现（类。量子引力23，3353; gr-qc/0602091），排列的彼得罗夫D型纯磁性理想流体必然是局部旋转对称的（LRS），因此都是明确已知的。我们在这里提供一个更透明的证明。
On the Existence of Radiation Gauges in Petrov type II spacetimes
赫扎诺夫斯基（他的IRG/ORG）在克尔时空中用于度规重建的辐射规似乎被过度指定了。他们的规范由五个条件组成：四个，我们在这里作为有效的规范条件，加上一个额外的条件的轨迹的度量微扰。在这项工作中，我们利用一个新开发的形式的扰动爱因斯坦方程建立一个条件-在一个特定的四分体组件的应力-能量张量-下，可以施加完整的IRG/ORG。使用规范的自由，我们能够施加完整的IRG彼得罗夫II型和D型背景，使用不同的四分体为每种情况。作为一个具体的例子，我们通过在史瓦西背景下施加IRG的过程，使用更传统的方法。简要讨论了在D型时空中利用Teukolsky曲率扰动进行度量重构的意义。
Rotating solenoidal perfect fluids of Petrov type D
我们证明，对准彼得罗夫型D完美流体的涡度矢量是不正交的重复的主要零方向的平面和Weyl张量的磁性部分相对于流体速度有消失的发散，必然是纯电动或局部旋转对称。LRS度量被明确地提出。
Cosmological constant Petrov type-N space-time in Ricci-inverse gravity
本研究在Ricci-逆引力框架下分析具有负宇宙学常数的型N时空，发现其允许闭合类时曲线，表明因果性违反在该修正引力理论中仍可能存在。
Obtaining a class of Type N pure radiation metrics using invariant operators
我们进一步发展的积分过程中的广义不变形式主义，并证明其效率，通过获得一类彼得罗夫型N纯辐射度量没有任何明确的整合，并与比较少的详细计算。该方法类似于Edgar和Vickers在推导一般共形平坦纯辐射度规时所采用的方法。该技术的一个主要补充是在广义不变形式主义中引入了非固有元素，可以利用这些元素来保持计算的可管理性。
Asymptotic directional structure of radiation for fields of algebraic type D
研究了代数特殊自旋-s场在类空、类时和零共形无穷远点附近主分量的方向性。通过扩展我们以前的一般研究，我们集中在领域，承认一对等价的代数特殊零方向，如彼得罗夫型D引力场或代数一般电磁场。我们介绍并讨论了在所有可能的情况下，在无穷远附近的参考四元组的典型选择，我们提出了相应的渐近方向结构，使用最自然的参数化。
Obtaining a class of Type O pure radiation metrics with a cosmological constant, using invariant operators
使用广义不变形式主义，我们得到了一类共形平坦时空的Ricci张量有一个纯辐射和Ricci标量分量。所使用的方法是一个发展的方法较早使用的纯辐射时空的彼得罗夫型O和N分别。在本文中，我们演示了如何处理，在广义不变的形式主义，时空各向同性的自由和丰富的Killing矢量结构。一旦时空被构造出来，就可以直接推导出它们的卡尔海德分类：卡尔海德算法终止于四阶导数，并且时空都有一个零各向同性的度和三个、四个或五个基灵向量。
Einstein spacetimes (that is vacuum spacetimes possibly with a non-zero cosmological constant Λ) with constant non-zero Weyl eigenvalus are considered. For type Petrov II & D this assumption allows one to prove that the non-repeated eigenvalue necessarily has the value 2Λ/3 and it turns out that the only possible spacetimes are some Kundt-waves considered by Lewandowski which are type II and a Robinson-Bertotti solution of type D. For Petrov type I the only solution turns out to be a homogeneous pure vacuum solution found long ago by Petrov using group theoretic methods. These results can be s…
We present an axially symmetric spacetime which contains closed timelike curves, and hence violates the causality condition. The metric belongs to type III in the Petrov classification scheme with vanishing expansion, shear and twist. The matter-energy represents a pure radiation field with a negative cosmological constant. The spacetime is asymptotically anti-de Sitter space in the radial direction.
Wormholes supported by pure ghost radiation
可穿越的虫洞时空被发现是爱因斯坦方程的静态球对称解，具有输入和输出的纯鬼辐射，即具有负能量密度的纯辐射。关闭辐射会导致虫洞坍缩成史瓦西黑洞。
All conformally flat pure radiation metrics
完整类的共形平坦，纯辐射度量，推广度量最近由威尔斯。
Expanding, axisymmetric pure-radiation gravitational fields with a simple twist
新的扩展，轴对称的纯辐射的解决方案被发现，利用对准碰撞平面波的欧拉-达布方程的类比。
Pure and gravitational radiation
众所周知的渐近平坦真空场的处理适用于纯辐射场。在这种方法中，我们发现一个自然的辐射零矢量归一化。零无穷远处的能量平衡表明，质量损失是纯辐射和引力辐射部分线性叠加的结果。通过变换到Bondi-Sachs坐标系，我们发现Kinnersley光子火箭是唯一不含引力辐射的轴对称Robinson-Trautman纯辐射解。
Pure-radiation gravitational fields with a simple twist and a Killing vector
纯辐射的解决方案被发现，利用类比与欧拉-达布方程对准碰撞平面波和欧拉-Tricomi方程在二维流的流体动力学。它们不依赖于类空坐标之一，并包括豪泽解决方案作为一个特殊的子情况。
Information loss paradox is still a challenging problem in theoretical physics. In this essay, for statics BTZ black holes and Schwarzschild black holes, we propose a simple solution based on the similarity between black holes and topological insulators. That is, the Hawking radiation is pure due to the entanglement between the left-moving sector and right-moving sector of the Hawking radiation. And this entanglement may be detected in an analogue black hole in the near future.
Aligned electric and magnetic Weyl fields
我们分析的时空承认一个方向的相对电场和磁场外尔场对齐。我们给出了这些度量的不变刻画，并研究了其Debever零向量的性质。对每一种彼得罗夫型，都得到了“观测”取向的外尔电场和外尔磁场的方向。将不存在纯磁解的结果推广到具有位似的电磁Weyl场的更广泛的类。
The Sommerfeld boundary conditions, applied to an asymptotically weak gravitational field, are shown to imply that the 1/r part of the curvature tensor of a space-time, satisfying the Einstein equations, is of type null in the Petrov classification and that there is then a flux of energy carried away by the outgoing gravitational wave.
The conformal Einstein equations for a tracefree (radiation) perfect fluid are derived in terms of the Levi-Civita connection of a conformally rescaled metric. These equations are used to provide a non-linear stability result for de Sitter-like tracefree (radiation) perfect fluid Friedman-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker cosmological models. The solutions thus obtained exist globally towards the future and are future geodesically complete.
On conformally flat and type N pure radiation metrics
我们研究了具有可能的宇宙学常数的代数型O和N的纯辐射时空。特别是，我们提出了明确的转换，把这些指标，最近重新衍生的埃德加，维克斯和马查多拉莫斯，到一个一般的Ozsvath-Robinson-Rozga的形式。通过将所有这些度量放入统一的坐标系中，我们证实了基于GIF形式主义的它们的推导是正确的。我们只发现了一些微不足道的差异。
The cases of the Hawking radiation field being described by a pure state and by the usual thermal state are compared within the CGHS dilaton gravity model. The field-strength fluctuations of the Fourier modes are computed, showing a discrepancy in the low-energy regime, while coinciding at high energies. Then by defining a distance for density operators and evaluating it for the cases concerned, the difference between the pure and thermal descriptions is quantified and found to be exponentially small with respect to the Hawking temperature. Possible physical interpretations are discussed.
Hawking radiation with pure states
针对霍金辐射中弯曲时空量子场论的幺正性丢失问题，研究采用基于离散时空变换几何超选择规则的直和型QFTCS量子化方法，以黑洞内外分量直和表征纠缠纯态，实现霍金辐射纯态下的幺正性保持。
Type O pure radiation metrics with a cosmological constant
本文通过考虑$Λ+τ\barτ\ne 0$的情形，完成了具有非零宇宙学常数的共形平坦纯辐射时空$Λ$和$τ\ne 0$的积分。这进一步证明了广义不变形式主义（GIF）对于只有一个零方向被黎曼张量挑选出来的时空的能力和适用性。对于这些时空，GIF挑选出第二个零方向（从黎曼张量的二阶导数），一旦这个旋量被识别，计算就转移到更简单的GHP形式，在那里四元组和度规被确定。具有非零宇宙学常数的共形平坦纯辐射时空（本文中发现的那些时空，以及之前在$Λ+τ\barτ= 0$情况下发现的那些时空）有着丰富的子类，其Killing矢量为0、1、2、3、4或5。
Interpreting a conformally flat pure radiation space-time
一个物理解释的一般类的共形平坦的纯辐射度规，最近已确定的埃德加和路德维希。结果表明，至少在弱场极限，连续的波表面可以表示为零（半）超平面滚动周围的二维零锥。在脉冲极限下，解简化为一个传播方向依赖于延迟时间的pp波。在一般情况下，有一个坐标奇异性，对应于一个包络的波表面。的全球结构进行了讨论，并提出了一个可能的真空延伸通过信封。
Hawking Radiation and Greybody Factors of Test Scalar and Electromagnetic Fields on Asymptotically Flat Pure Lovelock Black Holes
研究了纯洛夫洛克黑洞在d=2N+2分支上的标量和电磁场灰体因子及霍金谱，发现霍金温度降低抵消了传输增强，且高维电磁部分主导辐射。
It is shown that in many cases local null rotation invariance of the curvature and its first derivatives is sufficient to ensure there is an isometry group G with dimension at least 3 acting on (a neighbourhood of) the spacetime and containing a null rotation isotropy. Invariance of the second derivatives is additionally required to ensure this conclusion in Petrov type N Einstein spacetimes, spacetimes containing "pure radiation" (a Ricci tensor of Segre type [(11,2)]), and conformally flat spacetimes with a Ricci tensor of Segre type [1(11,1)] (a "tachyon fluid").
It is known that the emission rate of entropy from a Schwarzschild black hole is exactly the same as that of a one dimensional quantum channel \cite{Beken}. We calculate the dimension of entropy emission from a $D$ dimensional pure Lovelock black holes. Our results indicate that the dimension of transmission for odd $D$ dimensional space-times is equal to $D$ and for even $D$ dimensional space-times, the dimension of quantum channel becomes $1+ε(Λ)$, where $ Λ$ is cosmological constant. It is interesting that cosmological constant may put some constraint on dimension of quantum channel in even…
In this paper, we introduce and explore the properties of a new gauge choice for the vacuum Einstein equation inspired by the ingoing and outgoing radiation gauges (IRG, ORG) for the linearized vacuum Einstein equation introduced by Chrzanowski in his work on metric reconstruction [DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.11.2042] on the Kerr background. It has been shown by Price, Shankar and Whiting [arXiv:gr-qc/0611070] that the IRG/ORG are consistent gauges for the linearized vacuum Einstein equation on Petrov type II backgrounds. In [arXiv:1903.03859], the ORG was used in proving linearized stability for the…
Gravitational and electromagnetic fields near a de Sitter-like infinity
我们提出了一个一般的引力和电磁场附近的德西特类共形无穷大的补充标准剥离行为的表征。这是基于一个明确的评价的依赖性的辐射分量的领域上的零方向，从无穷大接近。它表明，辐射的方向图具有由代数（彼得罗夫）型的时空所决定的普适性质。具体地，辐射场沿与主零方向相反的方向消失。
It is shown that all homogeneous pure radiation solutions to the Einstein equations admit electromagnetic sources. This corrects an error in the literature.
How to make a traversable wormhole from a Schwarzschild black hole
本文利用爱因斯坦引力理论的解析解，从史瓦西黑洞出发，从理论上构造了一个可穿越的虫洞。物质模型为纯幻影辐射（具有负能量密度的纯辐射），并采用脉冲辐射的理想化。
Integration in the GHP formalism III: Finding all conformally flat radiation metrics as an example of an `optimal situation'
赫尔德提出了一个积分程序内的GHP形式主义建立在四个真正的，功能独立的，零加权标量。他认为，当形式主义直接提供这种类型的四个标量的全部配额时，这样的过程对于“最佳情况”来说特别简单;没有任何基林矢量的时空就是这样的情况。威尔斯最近获得了一个度量，他声称这是唯一的共形平坦，纯辐射度量，这是不是一个平面波;这一度量已表明Koutras承认没有杀害矢量，一般。因此，作为GHP积分过程的一个简单说明，我们系统地得到了共形平坦的、纯辐射度规的完整类。我们的结果表明，共形平坦，纯辐射度规，这是不是平面波，是一个更大的类比Wils得到的。
Exact model of gravitational wave and pure radiation
本文构建了引力波与纯辐射的精确非微扰模型，证明尘埃物质与场方程矛盾，获得精确解、传播轨迹及推迟时间方程，并应用于比安奇IV型宇宙。
Metrics obtained by integrating within the generalised invariant formalism are structured around their intrinsic coordinates, and this considerably simplifies their invariant classification and symmetry analysis. We illustrate this by presenting a simple and transparent complete invariant classification of the conformally flat pure radiation metrics (except plane waves) in such intrinsic coordinates; in particular we confirm that the three apparently non-redundant functions of one variable are genuinely non-redundant, and easily identify the subclasses which admit a Killing and/or a homothetic…
We analyze the concept of intrinsic radiative gravitational fields defined by Bel and we show that the three radiative types, N, III and II, correspond with the three following different physical situations: {\it pure radiation}, {\it asymptotic pure radiation} and {\it generic} (non pure, non asymptotic pure) {\it radiation}. We introduce the concept of {\em observer at rest} with respect to the gravitational field and that of {\em proper super-energy} of the gravitational field and we show that, for non radiative fields, the minimum value of the relative super-energy density is the proper su…
We consider a general class of four-dimensional geometries admitting a null vector field that has no twist and no shear but has an arbitrary expansion. We explicitly present the Petrov classification of such Robinson-Trautman (and Kundt) gravitational fields, based on the algebraic properties of the Weyl tensor. In particular, we determine all algebraically special subcases when the optically privileged null vector field is a multiple principal null direction (PND), as well as all the cases when it remains a single PND. No field equations are a priori applied, so that our classification scheme…
Motion of massive test particles in the nonvacuum spherically symmetric radiating Vaidya spacetime is investigated, allowing for physical interaction of the particles with the radiation field in terms of which the source energy-momentum tensor is interpreted. This "Poynting-Robertson-like effect" is modeled by the usual effective term describing a Thomson-type radiation drag force. The equations of motion are studied for simple types of motion including free motion (without interaction), purely radial and purely azimuthal (circular) motion, and for the particular case of "static" equilibrium; …
Asymptotic directional structure of radiative fields in spacetimes with a cosmological constant
我们分析了一般引力场、电磁场和自旋场在共形无穷远附近的方向性。这些场在归一化的四分体中进行评估，这些四分体沿着接近I的点P的零测地线快速传播。恢复了标准剥离性能，并对其含义进行了讨论和提炼。当共形无穷远的（局部）特征为零时，例如在渐近平坦时空中，与辐射等同的主导项是唯一的。然而，对于具有非零宇宙学常数的时空，共形无穷大是类空的（对于λ>0）或类时的（对于λ <0），并且每个场的辐射分量基本上取决于接近P的零方向。的方向依赖性的渐近场附近的德西特或反德西特我明确发现和描述。我们证明了相应的方向结构的辐射具有普遍的字符，是由代数（彼得罗夫）型的字段。特别地，当λ>0时，辐射仅沿着与主零方向相反的方向消失。对于λ <0，方向依赖性更复杂，因为需要区分出射和入射辐射。在这种反德西特式共形无穷远附近，相应的方向结构不同，不仅取决于P处主零方向的数目和简并度，而且取决于它们相对于I的特定取向。在（反）类德西特无穷大附近辐射的方向结构补充了自旋-s场的标准剥离性质。这提供了一个更好的理解的渐近行为的领域附近的共形无穷大。
Non-singular radiation cosmological models
本文分析了以纯辐射场为物质含量构造无奇性非均匀宇宙学模型的可能性。它表明，正则性的条件是很容易实现的，因此有大量的这样的时空。
We consider space-time models with pure radiation, which admit integration of the eikonal equation by the method of separation of variables. For all types of these models, the equations of the energy-momentum conservation law were integrated. The resulting form of metric, energy density and wave vectors of radiation as functions of metric for all types of spaces under consideration is presented. The solutions obtained can be used for any metric theories of gravitation.
Presented are exactly integrable models with pure radiation in R^2 gravity with a cosmological constant, related to wave-like Shapovalov spacetimes type II. Spatially homogeneous models of Shapovalov spaces were considered. The obtained solutions belong to spaces of type III according to the Bianchi classification. For the models under consideration, exact solutions of the equations of motion of test particles are obtained in the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism.
We extend the classical Damour-Ruffini method and discuss Hawking radiation in Kerr-Newman-de Sitter(KNdS) black hole. Under the condition that the total energy, angular momentum and charge of spacetime are conserved, taking the reaction of the radiation of the particle to the spacetime and the relation between the black hole event horizon and the cosmological horizon into consideration, we derive the black hole radiation spectrum. The radiation spectrum is no longer a pure thermal one. It is related to the change of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy corresponding the black hole event horizon and…
Under a weak assumption of the existence of a geodesic null congruence, we present the general solution of the Einstein field equations in three dimensions with any value of the cosmological constant, admitting an aligned null matter field, and also gyratons (a matter field in the form of a null dust with an additional internal spin). The general local solution consists of the expanding Robinson-Trautman class and the non-expanding Kundt class. The gyratonic solutions reduce to spacetimes with a pure radiation matter field when the spin is set to zero. Without matter fields, we obtain new form…
Using the analytic extension method, we study Hawking radiation of an $(n + 4)$-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole. Under the condition that the total energy is conserved, taking the reaction of the radiation of particles to the spacetime into consideration and considering the relation between the black hole event horizon and cosmological horizon, we obtain the radiation spectrum of de Sitter spacetime. This radiation spectrum is no longer a strictly pure thermal spectrum. It is related to the change of the Bekenstein-Hawking(B-H) entropy corresponding the black hole event horizon …
Hawking radiation from decoherence
有人认为，霍金辐射的热性质产生完全是由于退相干。因此，任何信息丢失的悖论是避免，因为封闭系统的纯态保持纯。讨论是在Schwarzschild黑洞背景下的无质量标量场中进行的，但这些论点一般都成立。并与暴胀宇宙学中的情况作了比较。
An anti-de Sitter background four-dimensional type N solution of the Einstein's field equations, is presented. The matter-energy content pure radiation field satisfies the null energy condition (NEC), and the metric is free-from curvature divergence. In addition, the metric admits a non-expanding, non-twisting and shear-free geodesic null congruence which is not covariantly constant. The space-time admits closed time-like curves which appear after a certain instant of time in a causally well-behaved manner. Finally, the physical interpretation of the solution, based on the study of the equatio…
Unitary evolution makes pure state on one Cauchy surface evolve to pure state on another Cauchy surface. Outgoing Hawking radiation is only subsystem on the late Cauchy surface. The requirement that Hawking radiation to be pure amounts to require purity of subsystem when total system is pure. We will see this requirement will lead to firewall even in \textit{flat} spacetime, and thus is invalid. Information is either stored in the entanglement between field modes inside black hole and the outgoing modes or stored in correlation between geometry and Hawking radiation when singularity is resolve…
Random pure Gaussian states and Hawking radiation
本文通过受约束随机辛变换理论，证明黑洞完全蒸发后恢复幺正性无需霍金模式间显著纠缠，并给出随机纯高斯态模式关联分布的精确表达式。
We re-examine vacuum polarisation of a scalar field in a quasi-local volume including the horizon. We find that Hawking radiation rate is derived as a pure decay of vacuum due to scalar field interaction with classical gravity exactly in the same way as the origin of vacuum polarisation effect in Electrodynamics.
The solution to the Black Hole information paradox
本文提出以黑洞选择基态时的自发对称性破缺解释信息悖论，将粒子数算符视为序参量，并通过不同序参量的叠加恢复黑洞信息。
Hawking Radiation via Tunneling from Hot NUT-Kerr-Newman-Kasuya Spacetime
研究了拖曳坐标系中的Hawking热谱和热NUT-Kerr-Newman-Kasuya时空的隧穿辐射特性。发现事件视界和宇宙视界的隧穿率与贝肯斯坦-霍金熵的变化有关。辐射谱不是纯热的，因此对霍金热谱有一个修正。
The information loss problem and Hawking radiation as tunneling
本文回顾解决信息丢失问题的方法，重新审视霍金辐射隧穿方案，从量子隧穿概率解释黑洞熵，证明黑洞蒸发由含时薛定谔方程支配且为幺正过程，纯态保持纯态而非混合态。
Higher-dimensional AdS waves and pp-waves with conformally related sources
AdS波和pp波只能由纯辐射场支持，其中能量动量张量的唯一非零分量是沿延迟时间的能量密度。我们证明了自引力标量场与这些精确引力波的高维形式的非最小耦合是一致的。在这两种情况下，产生的纯辐射约束完全固定的标量场的依赖性和形式的允许的自相互作用。更重要的是，我们建立了两套纯辐射约束是共形相关的任何非最小耦合，尽管事实上，所涉及的引力场不一定相关。在这种对应关系中，支持AdS波的势来自与pp波相关的自相互作用和pp波标量场自然满足的自对偶条件。
I revisit a known solution of the Einstein field equations to show that it describes the formation of non-spherical black holes by the collapse of pure electromagnetic monochromatic radiation. Both positive and negative masses are feasible without ever violating the dominant energy condition. The solution can also be used to model the destruction of naked singularities and the evaporation of white holes by emission or reception of light.
Solutions with pure radiation and gyratons in 3D massive gravity theories
本文在三维拓扑大质量引力与新大质量引力中，针对任意宇宙学常数、纯辐射和陀螺子，系统求解 Robinson-Trautman 与 Kundt 两类几何的场方程，识别出新的精确解类并研究其特殊子类。
Entropy/information flux in Hawking radiation
本研究将黑体辐射幺正发射的熵信息补偿论证推广到广义相对论黑洞的霍金辐射，通过扩展Page的平均子系统方法至考虑环境的三部纯系统，验证了幺正性假设下的熵/信息收支合理性。
Hawking radiation far away from the event horizon
本研究在Vaidya时空中用WKB近似无近视界近似地计算霍金辐射分布，拓展至多种黑洞并结合热力学模型解释，还纳入反作用，发现其可能阻止视界与奇点形成。
We exhibit an initial-value formulation of the worldline quantum field theory (WQFT) approach to the classical two-body problem in general relativity. We show that the Schwinger-Keldysh (in-in) formalism leads to purely retarded propagators in the evaluation of observables in the WQFT. Integration technology for retarded master integrals is introduced at third post-Minkowskian (3PM) order. As an application we compute the complete radiation-reacted impulse and radiated four momentum for the scattering of two non-spinning neutron stars including tidal effects at 3PM order, as well as the leadin…
The Weyl double copy for relativistic Rindler fluids
本文对相对论性Rindler流体的对偶体度规进行Petrov分类，构造Weyl双拷贝，并推导非相对论极限，揭示了流体涡度与剪切在双拷贝中的不同编码方式。
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