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arXiv 0810.5400quant-ph
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关联、贝尔不等式破坏与量子纠缠

Correlations, Bell Inequality Violation & Quantum Entanglement

Yeong-Cherng Liang

摘要:

量子物理学最显著的特征之一是空间分离系统的测量不能总是用局部因果理论来描述。在这样的理论中,局部测量的结果预先仅由一些未知(或隐藏)变量和局部测量的选择来确定。在局部因果理论框架内允许的相关性被称为经典相关性。通常,量子力学并不总是导致经典关联的事实是通过违反贝尔不等式来揭示的,贝尔不等式是任何经典关联都必须满足的约束。很长时间以来,人们都知道纠缠是证明非经典关联的必要条件,因此也是证明贝尔不等式违反的必要条件。然而,由于一些量子态被认为是局域因果模型,纠缠在贝尔不等式破坏中的确切作用仍然不清楚。本文对这些问题进行了全面的综述,并报告了在纠缠与贝尔不等式违反之间的关系方面的新发现。

英文摘要:

It is one of the most remarkable features of quantum physics that measurements on spatially separated systems cannot always be described by a locally causal theory. In such a theory, the outcomes of local measurements are determined in advance solely by some unknown (or hidden) variables and the choice of local measurements. Correlations that are allowed within the framework of a locally causal theory are termed classical. Typically, the fact that quantum mechanics does not always result in classical correlations is revealed by the violation of Bell inequalities, which are constraints that have to be satisfied by any classical correlations. It has been known for a long time that entanglement is necessary to demonstrate nonclassical correlations, and hence a Bell inequality violation. However, since some entangled quantum states are known to admit explicit locally causal models, the exact role of entanglement in Bell inequality violation has remained obscure. This thesis provides both a comprehensive review on these issues as well as a report on new discoveries made to clarify the relationship between entanglement and Bell inequality violation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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