BCOV ring and holomorphic anomaly equation

A Lecture on Holomorphic Anomaly Equations and Extended Holomorphic Anomaly Equations

This is a brief introduction to the Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa (BCOV) holomorphic anomaly equations and Walcher's extended holomorphic anomaly equations.

The holomorphic anomaly for open string moduli

We complete the holomorphic anomaly equations for topological strings with their dependence on open moduli. We obtain the complete system by standard path integral arguments generalizing the analysis of BCOV (Commun. Math. Phys. 165 (1994) 311) to strings with boundaries. We study both the anti-holomorphic dependence on open moduli and on closed moduli in presence of Wilson lines. By providing the compactification a' la Deligne-Mumford of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces with boundaries, we show that the open holomorphic anomaly equations are structured on the (real codimension one) bounda…

Higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants of the Grassmannian, and the Pfaffian Calabi-Yau threefolds

We solve Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa (BCOV) holomorphic anomaly equation to determine the higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants ($g \leq 5$) of the derived equivalent Calabi-Yau threefolds, which are of the appropriate codimensions in the Grassmannian Gr(2,7) and the Pfaffian Pf(7).

Holomorphic Anomalies, Fourfolds and Fluxes

We investigate holomorphic anomalies of partition functions underlying string compactifications on Calabi-Yau fourfolds with background fluxes. For elliptic fourfolds the partition functions have an alternative interpretation as elliptic genera of N=1 supersymmetric string theories in four dimensions, or as generating functions for relative Gromov-Witten invariants of fourfolds with fluxes. We derive the holomorphic anomaly equations by starting from the BCOV formalism of topological strings, and translating them into geometrical terms. The result can be recast into modular and elliptic anomal…

Gromov-Witten theory of elliptic fibrations: Jacobi forms and holomorphic anomaly equations

We conjecture that the relative Gromov-Witten potentials of elliptic fibrations are (cycle-valued) lattice quasi-Jacobi forms and satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation. We prove the conjecture for the rational elliptic surface in all genera and curve classes numerically. The generating series are quasi-Jacobi forms for the lattice $E_8$. We also show the compatibility of the conjecture with the degeneration formula. As Corollary we deduce that the Gromov-Witten potentials of the Schoen Calabi-Yau threefold (relative to $\mathbb{P}^1$) are $E_8 \times E_8$ quasi-bi-Jacobi forms and satisfy a h…

On solutions to Walcher's extended holomorphic anomaly equation

We give a generalization of Yamaguchi--Yau's result to Walcher's extended holomorphic anomaly equation.

Extended Holomorphic Anomaly and Loop Amplitudes in Open Topological String

Open topological string amplitudes on compact Calabi-Yau threefolds are shown to satisfy an extension of the holomorphic anomaly equation of Bershadsky, Cecotti, Ooguri and Vafa. The total topological charge of the D-brane configuration must vanish in order to satisfy tadpole cancellation. The boundary state of such D-branes is holomorphically captured by a Hodge theoretic normal function. Its Griffiths' infinitesimal invariant is the analogue of the closed string Yukawa coupling and plays the role of the terminator in a Feynman diagram expansion for the topological string with D-branes. The h…

Holomorphic anomaly equations and the Igusa cusp form conjecture

Let $S$ be a K3 surface and let $E$ be an elliptic curve. We solve the reduced Gromov-Witten theory of the Calabi-Yau threefold $S \times E$ for all curve classes which are primitive in the K3 factor. In particular, we deduce the Igusa cusp form conjecture. The proof relies on new results in the Gromov-Witten theory of elliptic curves and K3 surfaces. We show the generating series of Gromov-Witten classes of an elliptic curve are cycle-valued quasimodular forms and satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation. The quasimodularity generalizes a result by Okounkov and Pandharipande, and the holomorphi…

Holomorphic Anomaly Equation and BPS State Counting of Rational Elliptic Surface

We consider the generating function (prepotential) for Gromov-Witten invariants of rational elliptic surface. We apply the local mirror principle to calculate the prepotential and prove a certain recursion relation, holomorphic anomaly equation, for genus 0 and 1. We propose the holomorphic anomaly equation for all genera and apply it to determine higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants and also the BPS states on the surface. Generalizing Göttsche's formula for the Hilbert scheme of $g$ points on a surface, we find precise agreement of our results with the proposal recently made by Gopakumar and…

伪装的高斯-曼宁联络：全纯反常方程与高亏格实格罗莫夫-维滕不变量

Gauss-Manin Connection in Disguise: Holomorphic Anomaly Equations and Higher Genus Real Gromov-Witten Invariants

该研究构建扩展全纯反常方程的代数框架，以五次三维簇为模型求解方程并确定亏格5内的歧义性，得到整数型实格罗莫夫-维滕不变量预测值，还扩展框架计算双三次曲面亏格9内的对应预测值。

Holomorphic anomaly equation for $(\mathbb{P}^2,E)$ and the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit of local $\mathbb{P}^2$

We prove a higher genus version of the genus $0$ local-relative correspondence of van Garrel-Graber-Ruddat: for $(X,D)$ a pair with $X$ a smooth projective variety and $D$ a nef smooth divisor, maximal contact Gromov-Witten theory of $(X,D)$ with $λ_g$-insertion is related to Gromov-Witten theory of the total space of $\mathcal{O}_X(-D)$ and local Gromov-Witten theory of $D$. Specializing to $(X,D)=(S,E)$ for $S$ a del Pezzo surface or a rational elliptic surface and $E$ a smooth anticanonical divisor, we show that maximal contact Gromov-Witten theory of $(S,E)$ is determined by the Gromov-Wit…

Finite generation and holomorphic anomaly equation for equivariant Gromov-Witten invariants of $K_{\mathbb{P}^1\times\mathbb{P}^1}$

In this paper, we prove finite generation property and holomorphic anomaly equation for the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of $K_{\mathbb{P}^1\times\mathbb{P}^1}$.

$\mathbb{C}^5/\mathbb{Z}_5$的全纯异常方程

Holomorphic anomaly equations for $\mathbb{C}^5/\mathbb{Z}_5$

本文研究了$\mathbb{C}^5/\mathbb{Z}_5$的全纯异常方程，通过证明相关方程来揭示该空间的几何性质和拓扑结构。

Resurgent Transseries and the Holomorphic Anomaly

The gauge theoretic large N expansion yields an asymptotic series which requires a nonperturbative completion in order to be well defined. Recently, within the context of random matrix models, it was shown how to build resurgent transseries solutions encoding the full nonperturbative information beyond the 't Hooft genus expansion. On the other hand, via large N duality, random matrix models may be holographically described by B-model closed topological strings in local Calabi-Yau geometries. This raises the question of constructing the corresponding holographically dual resurgent transseries,…

Quasi-modularity and holomorphic anomaly equation for the twisted Gromov-Witten theory: $\mathcal{O}(3)$ over $\mathbb{P}^2$

In this paper, we prove quasi-modularity property for the twisted Gromov-Witten theory of $\mathcal{O}(3)$ over $\mathbb{P}^2$. Meanwhile, we derive its holomorphic anomaly equation.

Crepant resolution and the holomorphic anomaly equation for C^3/Z_3

We study the orbifold Gromov-Witten theory of the quotient C^3/Z_3 in all genera. Our first result is a proof of the holomorphic anomaly equations in the precise form predicted by B-model physics. Our second result is an exact crepant resolution correspondence relating the Gromov-Witten theories of C^3/Z_3 and local CP2. The proof of the correspondence requires an identity proven in the Appendix by T. Coates and H. Iritani.

Holomorphic anomaly equations for the formal quintic

We define a formal Gromov-Witten theory of the quintic 3-fold via localization on CP4. Our main result is a direct geometric proof of holomorphic anomaly equations for the formal quintic in precisely the same form as predicted by B-model physics for the true Gromov-Witten theory of the quintic 3-fold. The results suggest that the formal quintic and the true quintic theories should be related by transformations which respect the holomorphic anomaly equations. Such a relationship has been recently found by Q. Chen, S. Guo, F. Janda, and Y. Ruan via the geometry of new moduli spaces.

K3 曲面点的 Hilbert 概形的全纯反常方程

Holomorphic anomaly equations for the Hilbert scheme of points of a K3 surface

本文猜想并部分证明了 K3 曲面点的 Hilbert 概形的 Gromov-Witten 不变量生成级数满足全纯反常方程，并揭示了其在超凯勒流形量子上同调及 CHL Calabi-Yau 配分函数中的应用。

Equivariant holomorphic anomaly equation

In [16] the fundamental relationship between stable quotient invariants and the B-model for local P2 in all genera was studied under some specialization of equivariant variables. We generalize the argument of [16] to full equivariant settings without the specialization. Our main results are the proof of holomorphic anomaly equations for the equivariant Gromov-Witten theories of local P2 and local P3. We also state the generalization to full equivariant formal quintic theory of the result in [17].

Stable quotients and the holomorphic anomaly equation

We study the fundamental relationship between stable quotient invariants and the B-model for local CP2 in all genera. Our main result is a direct geometric proof of the holomorphic anomaly equation in the precise form predicted by B-model physics. The method yields new holomorphic anomaly equations for an infinite class of twisted theories on projective spaces. An example of such a twisted theory is the formal quintic defined by a hyperplane section of CP4 in all genera via the Euler class of a complex. The formal quintic theory is found to satisfy the holomorphic anomaly equations conjectured…

Resurgent Transseries and the Holomorphic Anomaly: Nonperturbative Closed Strings in Local CP2

The holomorphic anomaly equations describe B-model closed topological strings in Calabi-Yau geometries. Having been used to construct perturbative expansions, it was recently shown that they can also be extended past perturbation theory by making use of resurgent transseries. These yield formal nonperturbative solutions, showing integrability of the holomorphic anomaly equations at the nonperturbative level. This paper takes such constructions one step further by working out in great detail the specific example of topological strings in the mirror of the local CP2 toric Calabi-Yau background, …

Determinants of the Calabi-Yau Metrics on K3 Surfaces, Discriminants, Theta Lifts and Counting Problems in the A and B Models

The Dedekind eta functions plays important role in different branches of Mathematics and Theoretical Physics. One way to construct Dedekind Eta function to use the explicit formula (Kroncker limit formula) for the regularized determinants of the Laplacian of the flat metric acting of (0,1) forms on elliptic curves. The holomorphic part of the regularized determinant is the Dedekind eta functions. In this paper we generalized the above approach to the case of K3 surfaces. We give an explicit formula of the regularized determinants of the Laplacians of Calabi Yau metrics on K3 Surfaces, followin…

Differential Rings from Special Kähler Geometry

We study triples of graded rings defined over the deformation spaces for certain one-parameter families of Calabi-Yau threefolds. These rings are analogues of the rings of modular forms, quasi-modular forms and almost-holomorphic modular forms. We also discuss some of their applications in solving the holomorphic anomaly equations.

B模型范畴枚举不变量与全纯异常方程

B-model Categorical Enumerative Invariants and holomorphic anomaly equations

研究光滑射影Calabi-Yau 3-流形上凝聚层导出范畴的B模型范畴枚举不变量，证明其满足全纯异常方程，为B模型拓扑弦配分函数提供严格定义。

C^n/Z_n的高亏格Gromov-Witten理论 I：全纯反常方程

Higher Genus Gromov-Witten Theory of C^n/Z_n I: Holomorphic Anomaly Equations

该研究针对商栈$[\mathbb{C}^n/\mathbb{Z}_n]$的高亏格Gromov-Witten理论，证明了其全纯反常方程，将已有低维情形的相关结果推广到任意n≥3的一般情况。

来自模反常的Vafa-Witten不变量

Vafa-Witten invariants from modular anomaly

本文利用模反常的普适公式，提取了Hirzebruch和del Pezzo曲面上U(N) Vafa-Witten理论的全纯生成函数，推导出所有N的瞬子模空间Betti数闭式公式，并揭示了fiber-base对偶及新不变量。

椭圆三折叠的 Pandharipande-Thomas 理论、拟 Jacobi 形式与全纯反常方程

Pandharipande-Thomas theory of elliptic threefolds, quasi-Jacobi forms and holomorphic anomaly equations

本文研究椭圆三折叠的 Pandharipande-Thomas 不变量，猜想其相对生成级数为拟 Jacobi 形式并满足全纯反常方程，且在 $\mathbb{C}^2\times E$ 等情形给出证明与推广公式。

Gauss-Manin connection in disguise: Calabi-Yau threefolds

We describe a Lie Algebra on the moduli space of Calabi-Yau threefolds enhanced with differential forms and its relation to the Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa holomorphic anomaly equation. In particular, we describe algebraic topological string partition functions $F_g^{alg}, g\geq 1$, which encode the polynomial structure of holomorphic and non-holomorphic topological string partition functions. Our approach is based on Grothendieck's algebraic de Rham cohomology and on the algebraic Gauss-Manin connection. In this way, we recover a result of Yamaguchi-Yau and Alim-Länge in an algebraic conte…

Towards Refining the Topological Strings on Compact Calabi-Yau 3-folds

We make a proposal for calculating refined Gopakumar-Vafa numbers (GVN) on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds based on refined holomorphic anomaly equations. The key examples are smooth elliptic fibrations over (almost) Fano surfaces. We include a detailed review of existing mathematical methods towards defining and calculating the (unrefined) Gopakumar-Vafa invariants (GVI) and the GVNs on compact Calabi-Yau 3-folds using moduli of stable sheaves, in a language that should be accessible to physicists. In particular, we discuss the dependence of the GVNs on the complex structure moduli an…

奇点谱、解析挠率与Calabi--Yau退化

Spectrum of singularities, analytic torsion and Calabi--Yau degenerations

本文通过解析挠率将奇点谱与Calabi--Yau退化几何相联系，提出高阶Durfee--Saito猜想，并利用挠率公式给出双有理光滑填充的障碍，推广了Voisin的结果。

全纯辛4-流形的Gopakumar-Vafa型不变量

Gopakumar-Vafa type invariants of holomorphic symplectic 4-folds

本文利用约化Gromov-Witten理论为全纯辛4-流形定义了新的Gopakumar-Vafa型不变量，猜想其整数性并给出层论解释，在多个例子中验证猜想，并得到K3^{[2]}型4-流形上亏格2曲线计数的猜想公式及Fujiki常数的新闭公式。

New calculations in Gromov-Witten theory

We use a topological framework to study descendent Gromov-Witten theory in higher genus, non-toric settings. Two geometries are considered: surfaces of general type and the Enriques Calabi-Yau threefold. We conjecture closed formulas for surfaces of general type in classes K and 2K. For the Enriques Calabi-Yau, Gromov-Witten invariants are calculated in genus 0, 1, and 2. In genus 2, the holomorphic anomaly equation is found.

The Real Topological String on a local Calabi-Yau

We study the topological string on local P2 with O-plane and D-brane at its real locus, using three complementary techniques. In the A-model, we refine localization on the moduli space of maps with respect to the torus action preserved by the anti-holomorphic involution. This leads to a computation of open and unoriented Gromov-Witten invariants that can be applied to any toric Calabi-Yau with involution. We then show that the full topological string amplitudes can be reproduced within the topological vertex formalism. We obtain the real topological vertex with trivial fixed leg. Finally, we v…

Topological Strings on Elliptic Fibrations

We study topological string theory on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds using mirror symmetry. We compute higher genus topological string amplitudes and express these in terms of polynomials of functions constructed from the special geometry of the moduli space. The polynomials are fixed by the holomorphic anomaly equations supplemented by the expected behavior at the boundary in moduli space. We further expand the amplitudes in the base moduli of the elliptic fibration and find that the fiber moduli dependence is captured by a finer polynomial structure in terms of the modular forms …

Gromov-Witten Theory of Quotient of Fermat Calabi-Yau varieties

We construct a global B-model for weighted homogeneous polynomials based on K. Saito's theory of primitive forms. Our main motivation is to give a rigorous statement of the so called global mirror symmetry conjecture relating Gromov-Witten invariants and Fan--Jarvis--Ruan--Witten invariants. Furthermore, our construction allows us to generalize the notion of a quasi-modular form and holomorphic anomaly equations. Finally, we prove the global mirror symmetry conjecture for the Fermat polynomials.