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arXiv 2201.10878math.AGhep-th
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全纯辛4-流形的Gopakumar-Vafa型不变量

Gopakumar-Vafa type invariants of holomorphic symplectic 4-folds

Yalong Cao, Georg Oberdieck, Yukinobu Toda

AI总结:

本文利用约化Gromov-Witten理论为全纯辛4-流形定义了新的Gopakumar-Vafa型不变量,猜想其整数性并给出层论解释,在多个例子中验证猜想,并得到K3^{[2]}型4-流形上亏格2曲线计数的猜想公式及Fujiki常数的新闭公式。

摘要:

利用约化Gromov-Witten理论,我们定义了新的不变量,用以刻画全纯辛4-流形上曲线的枚举几何。这些不变量类似于Gopakumar和Vafa针对Calabi-Yau 3-流形的BPS计数、Klemm和Pandharipande针对Calabi-Yau 4-流形的计数,以及Pandharipande和Zinger针对Calabi-Yau 5-流形的计数。我们猜想这些不变量是整数,并给出其在一维稳定层的约化4维Donaldson-Thomas不变量方面的层论解释。我们对两个K3曲面的乘积以及$\mathbb{P}^2$的余切丛验证了这些猜想。在假设的全纯异常方程成立的前提下,我们还计算了K3曲面上两点Hilbert概形的不变量。由此得到一个猜想公式,用于计算一个非常一般的$K3^{[2]}$型超kähler 4-流形上最小次数的孤立亏格2曲线的数量。该公式可视为关于K3曲面上有理曲线计数的经典Yau-Zaslow公式的4维类比。在计算过程中,我们还推导出一个新的闭公式,用于计算K3曲面上点的Hilbert概形和广义Kummer簇的切丛陈类的Fujiki常数。

英文摘要:

Using reduced Gromov-Witten theory, we define new invariants which capture the enumerative geometry of curves on holomorphic symplectic 4-folds. The invariants are analogous to the BPS counts of Gopakumar and Vafa for Calabi-Yau 3-folds, Klemm and Pandharipande for Calabi-Yau 4-folds, Pandharipande and Zinger for Calabi-Yau 5-folds. We conjecture that our invariants are integers and give a sheaf-theoretic interpretation in terms of reduced $4$-dimensional Donaldson-Thomas invariants of one-dimensional stable sheaves. We check our conjectures for the product of two $K3$ surfaces and for the cotangent bundle of $\mathbb{P}^2$. Modulo the conjectural holomorphic anomaly equation, we compute our invariants also for the Hilbert scheme of two points on a $K3$ surface. This yields a conjectural formula for the number of isolated genus $2$ curves of minimal degree on a very general hyperkähler $4$-fold of $K3^{[2]}$-type. The formula may be viewed as a $4$-dimensional analogue of the classical Yau-Zaslow formula concerning counts of rational curves on $K3$ surfaces. In the course of our computations, we also derive a new closed formula for the Fujiki constants of the Chern classes of tangent bundles of both Hilbert schemes of points on $K3$ surfaces and generalized Kummer varieties.

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