We consider second order elliptic divergence form systems with complex measurable coefficients $A$ that are independent of the transversal coordinate, and prove that the set of $A$ for which the boundary value problem with $L_2$ Dirichlet or Neumann data is well posed, is an open set. Furthermore we prove that these boundary value problems are well posed when $A$ is either Hermitean, block or constant. Our methods apply to more general systems of PDEs and as an example we prove perturbation results for boundary value problems for differential forms.
We establish a connection between the absolute continuity of elliptic measure associated to a second order divergence form operator with bounded measurable coefficients with the solvability of an endpoint $BMO$ Dirichlet problem. We show that these two notions are equivalent. As a consequence we obtain an end-point perturbation result, i.e., the solvability of the $BMO$ Dirichlet problem implies $L^p$ solvability for all $p>p_0$.
This paper shows the unique solvability of elliptic problems associated with two-phase incompressible flows, which are governed by the two-phase Navier-Stokes equations, in unbounded domains such as the whole space separated by a compact interface and the whole space separated by a non-compact interface. As a by-product of the unique solvability of elliptic problems, we obtain the Helmholtz-Weyl decomposition for two-phase incompressible flows.
In this paper, we study the solvability of the nonlinear Dirichlet problem with sum of the operators of independent non standard growths in a bounded domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$. We obtain sufficient conditions and show the existence of weak solutions of the considered problem by using monotonicity and compactness methods together.
We prove results on solvability of nonlinear elliptic partial differential systems of principle type of second order. They are consequences of existence of non-radial solutions for nonlinear partial differential systems of Poisson type. As applications to geometry, we prove the exsitence of local harmonic maps with given tangent plane at a point between any Riemannan manifolds. More generally geometric objects defined by Beltrami-Laplace always exist locally.
We study the solvability in the whole Euclidean space of coercive quasi-linear and fully nonlinear elliptic equations modeled on $Δu\pm g(|\nabla u|)= f(u)$, $u\ge0$, where $f$ and $g$ are increasing continuous functions. We give conditions on $f$ and $g$ which guarantee the availability or the absence of positive solutions of such equations in $\R^N$. Our results considerably improve the existing ones and are sharp or close to sharp in the model cases. In particular, we completely characterize the solvability of such equations when $f$ and $g$ have power growth at infinity. We also derive a s…
In this work, we present new results on solvability of the equation $A^{*}(D)f=μ$ for $f \in L^{p}$ and positive measure data $μ$ associated to an elliptic homogeneous linear differential operator $A(D)$ of order m. Our method is based on $(m,p)-$energy control of $μ$ giving a natural characterization for solutions when $1\leq p < \infty$. We also obtain sufficient conditions in the limiting case $p=\infty$ using {new $L^{1}$ estimates on measures for elliptic and canceling operators.
In this paper we consider the Cauchy problem for multidimensional elliptic equations in a cylindrical domain. The method of spectral expansion in eigenfunctions of the Cauchy problem for equations with deviating argument establishes a criterion of the strong solvability of the considered elliptic Cauchy problem. It is shown that the ill-posedness of the elliptic Cauchy problem is equivalent to the existence of an isolated point of the continuous spectrum for a self-adjoint operator with deviating argument.
We provide a self-contained proof of the solvability and regularity of a Hodge-type elliptic system, wherein the divergence and curl of a vector field are prescribed in an open, bounded, Sobolev-class domain, and either the normal component or the tangential components of the vector field are prescribed on the boundary. The proof is based on a regularity theory for vector elliptic equations set on Sobolev-class domains and with Sobolev-class coefficients.
We consider elliptic equations of order $2m$ in a bounded domain $Q\subset\mathbb R^n$ with nonlocal boundary-value conditions connecting the values of a solution and its derivatives on $(n-1)$-dimensional smooth manifolds $Γ_i$ with the values on manifolds $ω_{i}(Γ_i)$, where $\bigcup_i\overline{Γ_i}=\partial Q$ is a boundary of $Q$ and $ω_i$ are $C^\infty$ diffeomorphisms. By proving a priori estimates for solutions and constructing a right regularizer, we show the Fredholm solvability in weighted space. For nonlocal elliptic problems with a parameter, we prove the unique solvability.
We consider a locally integrable real-analytic structure, and we investigate the local solvability in the category of Gevrey functions and ultradistributions of the complex d' naturally induced by the de Rham complex. We prove that the so-called condition Y(q) on the signature of the Levi form, for local solvability of d' u=f, is still necessary even if we take f in the classes of Gevrey functions and look for solutions u in the corresponding spaces of ultradistributions.
We prove the solvability in Sobolev spaces for both divergence and non-divergence form higher order parabolic and elliptic systems in the whole space, on a half space, and on a bounded domain. The leading coefficients are assumed to be merely measurable in the time variable and have small mean oscillations with respect to the spatial variables in small balls or cylinders. For the proof, we develop a set of new techniques to produce mean oscillation estimates for systems on a half space.
In this paper, we study the Dirichlet problem for the implicit degen- erate nonlinear elliptic equation with variable exponent in a bounded domain. We obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution with- out regularization and any restriction between the exponents. Furthermore, we define the domain of the operator generated by posed problem and investigate its some properties and also its relations with known spaces that enable us to prove existence theorem.
In this work we study three exterior extension problems for strongly elliptic partial equations: the Cauchy problem (in a special statement), the "analytical" continuation problem and the so called "inner" Dirichlet problem in the scale of the Sobolev spaces over a domain with relatively smooth boundaries. We consider the existence of solutions to these problems, the dense solvability and conditional well-posedness of these problems for a wide class of strongly elliptic systems. We also consider the approximation of solutions to these problems by a single layer potential and by a linear combin…
The paper addresses questions of existence and regularity of solutions to linear partial differential equations whose coefficients are generalized functions or generalized constants in the sense of Colombeau. We introduce various new notions of ellipticity and hypoellipticity, study their interrelation, and give a number of new examples and counterexamples. Using the concept of $\G^\infty$-regularity of generalized functions, we derive a general global regularity result in the case of operators with constant generalized coefficients, a more specialized result for second order operators, and a …
Let $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n, n\geq 2$, be an open set. For an elliptic differential operator $L$ on $Ω$ with real analytic coefficients and a point $p\inΩ$, we construct a smooth function $g$ with the following properties: $g$ is flat at $p$ and the equation $Lu=g$ has no smooth local solution $u$ that is flat at $p$.
We study elliptic equations of order $2m$ with nonlocal boundary-value conditions in plane angles and in bounded domains, dealing with the case where the support of nonlocal terms intersects the boundary. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions under which nonlocal problems are Fredholm in Sobolev spaces and, respectively, in weighted spaces with small weight exponents. We also obtain an asymptotics of solutions to nonlocal problems near the conjugation points on the boundary, where solutions may have power singularities.
Let $Ω$ be a Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb R^n,n\geq 3,$ and $L=\divt A\nabla$ be a second order elliptic operator in divergence form. We will establish that the solvability of the Dirichlet regularity problem for boundary data in Hardy-Sobolev space $\HS$ is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet regularity problem for boundary data in $H^{1,p}$ for some $1<p<\infty$. This is a "dual result" to a theorem in \cite{DKP09}, where it has been shown that the solvability of the Dirichlet problem with boundary data in $\text{BMO}$ is equivalent to the solvability for boundary data in $L^p(\pa…
In this paper, we consider the existence and non-existence of non-trivial solution to a Brezis-Nirenberg type problem with singular weights. First, we obtain a compact imbedding theorem which is an extension of the classical Rellich-Kondrachov compact imbedding theorem, and consider the corresponding eigenvalue problem. Secondly, we deduce a Pohozaev type identity and obtained a non-existence result. Thirdly, based on a generalized concentration compactness principle, we will give some abstract conditions when the functional satisfies the (PS)$_c$ condition. Finally, based on the explicit form…
The solvability in Sobolev spaces $W^{1,2}_p$ is proved for nondivergence form second order parabolic equations for $p>2$ close to 2. The leading coefficients are assumed to be measurable in the time variable and two coordinates of space variables, and almost VMO (vanishing mean oscillation) with respect to the other coordinates. This implies the $W^{2}_p$-solvability for the same $p$ of nondivergence form elliptic equations with leading coefficients measurable in two coordinates and VMO in the others. Under slightly different assumptions, we also obtain the solvability results when $p=2$.
We prove the solvability in Sobolev spaces $W^{1,2}_p$, $p>d+1$, of the terminal-boundary value problem for a class of fully nonlinear parabolic equations, including parabolic Bellman's equations, in bounded cylindrical domains with VMO ``coefficients''. The solvability in $W^{2}_p$, $p>d$, of the corresponding elliptic boundary-value problem is also obtained.
We consider the Dirichlet boundary value problem for divergence form elliptic operators with bounded measurable coefficients. We prove that for uniform domains with Ahlfors regular boundary, the BMO solvability of such problems is equivalent to a quantitative absolute continuity of the elliptic measure with respect to the surface measure, i.e. $ω_L\in A_{\infty}(σ)$. This generalizes a previous result on Lipschitz domains by Dindos, Kenig and Pipher.
Consider $A(x,D):C^{\infty}(Ω,E) \rightarrow C^\infty(Ω,F)$ an elliptic and canceling linear differential operator of order $ν$ with smooth complex coefficients in $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{N}$ from a finite dimension complex vector space $E$ to a finite dimension complex vector space $F$ and $A^{*}(x,D)$ {its} adjoint. In this work we characterize the (local) continuous solvability of the partial differential equation $A^{*}(x,D)v=f$ (in the distribution sense) for a given distribution $f$; more precisely we show that any $x_0\inΩ$ is contained in a neighborhood $U\subset Ω$ in which its continuo…
We obtain solvability conditions for some elliptic equations involving non Fredholm operators with the methods of spectral theory and scattering theory for Schrodinger type operators. Though the Fredholm property is not satisfied, the solvability conditions are formulated in terms of orthogonality of the right-hand side to solutions of the homogeneous adjoint equation.
In this article, we consider the following problem: $$ \quad \left\{ \begin{array}{lr} \quad (-Δ)^s u = αu^+ -βu^{-} + f(u) + h \; \text{in}\;Ω\quad \quad \quad \quad u =0 \; \text{on}\; \mathbb{R}^n\setminus Ω, \end{array} \right. $$ where $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary, $n> 2s$, $0<s<1$, $(α, β) \in \mathbb{R}^2$, $f: \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ is a bounded and continuous function and $h\in L^2(Ω)$. We prove the existence results in two cases: First, the nonresonance case, where $(α,β)$ is not an element of the Fučik spectrum. Second, the resonance case, w…
We show that advection-diffusion equations with porous media type diffusion and integrable initial data are globally solvable under very mild conditions. Some generalizations and related results are also given.
We show that for a uniformly elliptic divergence form operator $L$, defined in an open set $Ω$ with Ahlfors-David regular boundary, BMO-solvability implies scale invariant quantitative absolute continuity (the weak-$A_\infty$ property) of elliptic-harmonic measure with respect to surface measure on $\partial Ω$. We do not impose any connectivity hypothesis, qualitative or quantitative; in particular, we do not assume the Harnack Chain condition, even within individual connected components of $Ω$. In this generality, our results are new even for the Laplacian. Moreover, we obtain a converse, un…
In this work, we study the Neumann initial-boundary value problem for a two-species chemotaxis system with Lotka-Volterra competition and signal production. Under a rather weak and clean condition of sub-quadratic type damping and merely integrable initial data, we establish the global existence of generalized solutions in an N dimensional bounded and smooth domain.
Nonlocal problems for higher-order elliptic operators in dihedral and plane angles are considered. The Green formula is obtained, which leads to adjoint problems that take the form of nonlocal transmission problems in dihedral and plane angles. This allows us to establish necessary conditions of Fredholm solvability and sufficient conditions of one-valued solvability for nonlocal problems in dihedral angles.
We study the relationship between the solvability of the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem $(D)_p$ and that of the $L^q$ regularity problem $(R)_q$ for second order elliptic equations with bounded measurable coefficients. It is known that the solvability of $(R)_p$ implies that of $(D)_{p^\prime}$. In this note we show that if $(D)_{p^\prime}$ is solvable, then either $(R)_p$ is solvable or $(R)_q$ is not solvable for any $1<q<\infty$.
This monograph presents a comprehensive treatment of second order divergence form elliptic operators with bounded measurable t-independent coefficients in spaces of fractional smoothness, in Besov and weighted Sobolev classes. We establish mapping properties for the double and single layer potentials, as well as the Newton potential, on Besov spaces. We prove extrapolation-type solvability results: that is, we show that solvability of the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary value problem at any given L^p space automatically assures their solvability in an extended range of Besov spaces. We also esta…
In the paper arXiv:1708.02289 we have introduced new solvability methods for strongly elliptic second order systems in divergence form on a domains above a Lipschitz graph, satisfying $L^p$-boundary data for $p$ near $2$. The main novel aspect of our result is that it applies to operators with coefficients of limited regularity and applies to operators satisfying a natural Carleson condition that has been first considered in the scalar case. In this paper we extend this result in several directions. We improve the range of solvability of the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem to the interval $2-\varepsil…
Solvability of the Neumann problem for elliptic equations in chord-arc domains with very big pieces of good superdomains
Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU（巴斯克大学）；IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science（伊卡巴斯科，巴斯克科学基金会）；ICREA, Barcelona（加泰罗尼亚高级研究所，巴塞罗那）；Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona（巴塞罗那自治大学）；Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Barcelona（数学研究中心，巴塞罗那）
In this paper we study the quasilinear nondiagonal parabolic type systems. We assume that the principal elliptic operator, which is part of the parabolic system, has a divergence structure. Under certain conditions it is proved the well-posedness of classical solutions, which exist globally in time.
We prove existence and uniqueness of strong (pointwise) solutions to a linear nonlocal strongly coupled hyperbolic system of equations posed on all of Euclidean space. The system of equations comes from a linearization of a nonlocal model of elasticity in solid mechanics. It is a nonlocal analogue of the Navier-Lamé system of classical elasticity. We use a well-known semigroup technique that hinges on the strong solvability of the corresponding steady-state elliptic system. The leading operator is an integro-differential operator characterized by a distinctive matrix kernel which is used to co…
In this article we prove solvability results for $L^2$ boundary value problems of some elliptic systems $Lu=0$ on the upper half-space $\R^{n+1}_{+}, n\ge 1$, with transversally independent coefficients. We use the first order formalism introduced by Auscher-Axelsson-McIntosh and further developed with a better understanding of the classes of solutions in the subsequent work of Auscher-Axelsson. The interesting fact is that we prove only half of the Rellich boundary inequality without knowing the other half.
The purpose of this article is to study extrapolation of solvability for boundary value problems of elliptic systems in divergence form on the upper half-space assuming De Giorgi type conditions. We develop a method allowing to treat each boundary value problem independently of the others. We shall base our study on solvability for energy solutions, estimates for boundary layers, equivalence of certain boundary estimates with interior control so that solvability reduces to a one-sided Rellich inequality. Our method then amounts to extrapolating this Rellich inequality using atomic Hardy spaces…
We consider second-order elliptic equations in a half space with leading coefficients measurable in a tangential direction. We prove the $W^2_p$-estimate and solvability for the Dirichlet problem when $p\in (1,2]$, and for the Neumann problem when $p\in [2,\infty)$. We then extend these results to equations with more general coefficients, which are measurable in a tangential direction and have small mean oscillations in the other directions. As an application, we obtain the $W^2_p$-solvability of elliptic equations in convex wedge domains or in convex polygonal domains with discontinuous coeff…
We investigate a connection between solvability of the Dirichlet problem for an infinitely degenerate elliptic operator and the validity of an Orlicz-Sobolev inequality in the associated subunit metric space. For subelliptic operators it is known that the classical Sobolev inequality is sufficient and almost necessary for the Dirichlet problem to be solvable with a quantitative bound on the solution [11]. When the degeneracy is of infinite type, a weaker Orlicz-Sobolev inequality seems to be the right substitute [7]. In this paper we investigate this connection further and reduce the gap betwe…
We establish the solvability of second order divergence type parabolic systems in Sobolev spaces. The leading coefficients are assumed to be only measurable in one spatial direction on each small parabolic cylinder with the spatial direction allowed to depend on the cylinder. In the other orthogonal directions and the time variable the coefficients have locally small mean oscillations. We also obtain the corresponding $W^1_p$-solvability of second order elliptic systems in divergence form. Our results are new even for scalar equations and the proofs simplify the methods used previously in [12]
The notion of $p$-ellipticity has recently played a significant role in improving our understanding of issues of solvability of boundary value problems for scalar complex valued elliptic PDEs. In particular, the presence of $p$-ellipticity ensures higher regularity of solutions of such equations. In this work we extend the notion of $p$-ellipticity to second order elliptic systems. Recall that for systems, there is no single notion of ellipticity, rather a more complicated picture emerges with ellipticity conditions of varying strength such as the Legendre, Legendre-Hadamard and integral condi…
Boundary value problems for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations, with an Orlicz type growth and L^1 right-hand side are considered. Both Dirichlet and Neumann problems are contemplated. Existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions, as well as their regularity, are established. The case of measure right-hand sides is also analyzed.
We prove the unique solvability of second order elliptic equations in non-divergence form in Sobolev spaces. The coefficients of the second order terms are measurable in one variable and VMO in other variables. From this result, we obtain the weak uniqueness of the martingale problem associated with the elliptic equations.
Solvability of Semilinear Elliptic Equations on Infinite Graphs
Fudan University（复旦大学）；Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University（复旦大学上海数学中心）；Yau Mathematical Sciences Center（清华大学丘成桐数学科学中心；数学科学系）；Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tsinghua University
We continue the development, by reduction to a first order system for the conormal gradient, of $L^2$ \textit{a priori} estimates and solvability for boundary value problems of Dirichlet, regularity, Neumann type for divergence form second order, complex, elliptic systems. We work here on the unit ball and more generally its bi-Lipschitz images, assuming a Carleson condition as introduced by Dahlberg which measures the discrepancy of the coefficients to their boundary trace near the boundary. We sharpen our estimates by proving a general result concerning \textit{a priori} almost everywhere no…
