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arXiv 0804.3827gr-qcastro-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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狭义相对论中的逆温度四维矢量

Inverse Temperature 4-vector in Special Relativity

Zhong Chao Wu

摘要:

在狭义相对论中,有几种解释温度的方法。我们认为,逆温度4-向量$\bf β$是唯一可行的选择,从热力学定律,和$\bf β$是一个面向未来的类时4-向量。利用超流思想实验,我们可以证明$\bf β$不一定像通常认为的那样,沿着系统共动坐标系的时间方向。对于孤立系,由熵最大原理确定了4-向量。

英文摘要:

There exist several prescriptions for identifying the notion of temperature in special relativity. We argue that the inverse temperature 4-vector $\bf β$ is the only viable option from the laws of thermodynamics, and $\bf β$ is a future-directed timelike 4-vector. Using a superfluidity thought experiment, one can show that $\bf β$ is not necessarily along the time direction of the comoving frame of the system, as is usually thought. It is conjectured that, for an isolated system, the 4-vector is determined from the entropy-maximum principle.

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