Let $M\subset{\complex}^n$ be a complex domain of ${\complex}^n$ endowed with a rotation invariant \K form $ω_Φ= \frac{i}{2} \partial\bar\partialΦ$. In this paper we describe sufficient conditions on the \K potential $Φ$ for $(M, ω_Φ)$ to admit a symplectic embedding (explicitely described in terms of $Φ$) into a complex space form of the same dimension of $M$. In particular we also provide conditions on $Φ$ for $(M, ω_Φ)$ to admit global symplectic coordinates. As an application of our results we prove that each of the Ricci flat (but not flat) \K forms on ${\complex}^2$ constructed by LeBrun (Taub-NUT metric) admits explicitely computable global symplectic coordinates.
The main theorem of this paper is a result of estimated transversality with respect to stratifications of jet spaces in the approximately holomorphic category over an almost-complex manifold. The notion of asymptotic ampleness of complex vector bundles over an almost-complex manifold is also discussed, as well as applications to the construction of maps with generic singularities from compact symplectic manifolds to projective spaces.
We study iteration maps of recurrence relations arising from mutation periodic quivers of arbitrary period. Combining tools from cluster algebra theory and (pre)symplectic geometry, we show that these cluster iteration maps can be reduced to symplectic maps on a lower dimensional submanifold, provided the matrix representing the quiver is singular. The reduced iteration map is explicitly computed for several new periodic quivers.
Every oriented 4-manifold admits a folded symplectic structure, which in turn determines a homotopy class of compatible almost complex structures that are discontinuous across the folding hypersurface ("fold") in a controlled fashion. We define folded holomorphic maps, i.e. pseudo-holomorphic maps that are discontinuous across the fold. The boundary values on the fold are mediated by tunneling maps which are punctured H-holomorphic maps into the folding hypersurface with prescribed asymptotics on closed characteristics. Our main result is that the linearized operator of this boundary value pro…
Let $(X,J)$ be an almost-complex manifold. In \cite{li-zhang} Li and Zhang introduce $H^{(p,q),(q,p)}_J(X)_{\rr}$ as the cohomology subgroups of the $(p+q)$-th de Rham cohomology group formed by classes represented by real pure-type forms. Given a proper, surjective, pseudo-holomorphic map between two almost-complex manifolds we study the relationship among such cohomology groups. Similar results are proven in the symplectic setting for the cohomology groups introduced in \cite{tsengyauI} by Tseng and Yau and a new characterization of the Hard Lefschetz condition in dimension $4$ is provided.
We give a complete characterization of Hamiltonian actions of compact Lie groups on exact symplectic manifolds with proper momentum maps. We deduce that every Hamiltonian action of a compact Lie group on a contractible symplectic manifold with a proper momentum map is globally linearizable.
For a smooth map $f:X^4\toΣ^2$ that is locally modeled by holomorphic maps, the domain is shown to admit a symplectic structure that is symplectic on some regular fiber, if and only if $f^*[Σ]\ne0$. If so, the space of symplectic forms on $X$ that are symplectic on all fibers is nonempty and contractible. The cohomology classes of these forms vary with the maximum possible freedom on the reducible fibers, subject to the obvious constraints. The above results are derived via an analogous theorem for locally holomorphic maps $f:X^{2n}\to Y^{2n-2}$ with $Y$ symplectic.
After reviewing recent results on symplectic Lefschetz pencils and symplectic branched covers of CP^2, we describe a new construction of maps from symplectic manifolds of any dimension to CP^2 and the associated monodromy invariants. We also show that a dimensional induction process makes it possible to describe any compact symplectic manifold by a series of words in braid groups and a word in a symmetric group.
A generalized moment map is proposed for arbitrary symplectic actions of compact connected Lie groups on closed symplectic manifolds, in the spirit of the circle -valued maps introduced by D. McDuff in the case of non-Hamiltonian circle actions. We study equivariance properties of generalized moments, show that they allow reduction procedures, and obtain in the torus case a version of the Atiyah-Guillemin-Sternberg convexity theorem. As illustration, we reformulate a proof of M.K. Kim that "complexity one" symplectic torus actions are Hamiltonian, and give a symplectic proof of the finiteness …
We use a quaternionic structure on the product of two symplectic manifolds for relating Liouvillian forms with linear symplectic maps obtained by the symplectic Cayley's transformation.
In the context of the two dimensional sigma model, we show that classical field theory naturally defines a functor from Segal's category of Riemann surfaces to the Guillemin-Sternberg/Weinstein category of canonical relations in symplectic geometry, following ideas of Cattaneo, Mnev, and Reshetikhin. This is an expository article, based on a research tutorial.
We consider a sequences of symplectic twist maps corresponding to Frenkel Kontorova variational functional. For such a sequence without conjugate points we construct an invariant Lagrangian subbundle. Using the ideas by E.Hopf from Riemannian geometry we show that absence of conjugate points is a rare property for this class of maps.
This paper concentrates on optical Hamiltonian systems of $T*\T^n$, i.e. those for which $\Hpp$ is a positive definite matrix, and their relationship with symplectic twist maps. We present theorems of decomposition by symplectic twist maps and existence of periodic orbits for these systems. The novelty of these results resides in the fact that no explicit asymptotic condition is imposed on the system. We also present a theorem of suspension by Hamiltonian systems for the class of symplectic twist map that emerges in our study. Finally, we extend our results to manifolds of negative curvature.
We prove that Manolescu and Woodward's Symplectic Instanton homology, and its twisted versions are natural, and define maps associated to four dimensional cobordisms within this theory. This allows one to define representations of the mapping class group and the fundamental group of a 3-manifold, and to have a geometric interpretation of the maps appearing in the long exact sequence for symplectic instanton homology, together with vanishing criterions.
Given an integral symplectic manifold, we construct a family of "coherent state" maps into complex projective space. The maps are built from sections of the tensor powers of a hermitian line bundle whose curvature is a multiple of the symplectic form. We show that this family is an almost-complex version of the Kodiara embedding. That is, the maps are embeddings which are approximately pseudo-holomorphic.
Poisson transversals are those submanifolds in a Poisson manifold which intersect all symplectic leaves transversally and symplectically. In a previous note we proved a normal form theorem around such submanifolds. In this communication, we promote that result to a normal form theorem for Poisson maps around Poisson transversals. A Poisson map pulls a Poisson transversal back to a Poisson transversal, and our first main result states that simultaneous normal forms exist around such transversals, for which the Poisson map becomes transversally linear, and intertwines the normal form data of the…
We characterize transversality, non-transversality properties on the moduli space of genus 0 stable maps to a semipositive symplectic manifold of dimension 4, when GW([point],...,[point]) is enumerative. In particular, we show that the intersection theoretic property depends on the existence of a critical point on a stable map.
We generalize symplectic convexity theorems for Hamiltonian actions with proper momentum maps to symplectic actions on orbifolds with mod-$Γ$ proper momentum maps.
moment maps arise as a generalization of genuine moment maps on symplectic manifolds when the symplectic structure is discarded, but the relation between the mapping and the action is kept. Particular examples of abstract moment maps had been used in Hamiltonian mechanics for some time, but the abstract notion originated in the study of cobordisms of Hamiltonian group actions. In this paper we answer the question of existence of a (proper) abstract moment map for a torus action and give a necessary and sufficient condition for an abstract moment map to be associated with a pre-symplectic form.…
We consider the homotopy type of maps between symplectic surface whose graphs form symplectic submanifolds of the product. We give a purely topological model for this space in terms of maps with constrained numbers of pre-images. We use this to show that the dependence of the homotopy type on the area forms of each surface is quantized- it changes only when the parameters pass certain discrete levels. When the domain is a sphere or torus, and its total area is smaller than the range, we compute the full homotopy type of the low degree components. We also give an example, showing that the homot…
We give a construction of completely integrable 4-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with cubic Hamilton functions. Applying to the corresponding pairs of commuting quadratic Hamiltonian vector fields the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at pairs of birational 4-dimensional maps. We show that these maps are symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of the standard symplectic structure on $\mathbb R^4$, and possess two independent integrals of motion, which are perturbations of the original Hamilton functions. Thus, these maps are comple…
We use the theory of Berezin-Toeplitz operators of Ma and Marinescu to study the spaces of holomorphic sections of a prequantizing line bundle over compact Kähler manifolds under deformations of the complex structure. We show that the parallel transport in the induced vector bundle over the deformation space behaves like a Toeplitz operator, and compute its first coefficient. We then use this result to establish a semi-classical trace formula for the induced quantization of symplectic maps, and give an application to Witten's asymptotic expansion conjecture for the quantum representations of t…
The first purpose of this paper is to generalize the well-known Maslov indices of maps of open Riemann surfaces with boundary lying on Lagrangian submanifolds to maps with boundary lying on coisotropic submanifolds in symplectic manifolds. For this purpose, we first define the notion of {\it Maslov loops} of coisotropic Grassmanians and their indices. Then we introduce the notions of {\it transverse Maslov bundle} of coisotropic submanifolds, and {\it gradable coisotropic submanifolds}. We then define {\it graded coisotropic submanifolds} and the {\it coisotropic Maslov index} of the maps with…
We define a natural class of star products: those which are given by a series of bidifferential operators which at order $k$ in the deformation parameter have at most $k$ derivatives in each argument. We show that any such star product on a symplectic manifold defines a unique symplectic connection. We parametrise such star products, study their invariance and give necessary and sufficient conditions for them to yield a quantum moment map. We show that Kravchenko's sufficient condition for a moment map for a Fedosov star product is also necessary.
We lay down an elementary yet fundamental lemma concerning a finite algebraicness property of a smooth map from an Azumaya/matrix manifold with a fundamental module to a smooth manifold. This gives us a starting point to build a synthetic (synonymously, $C^{\infty}$-algebraic) symplectic geometry and calibrated geometry that are both tailored to and guided by D-brane phenomena in string theory and along the line of our previous works D(11.1) (arXiv:1406.0929 [math.DG]) and D(11.2) (arXiv:1412.0771 [hep-th]).
For a symplectic twist map, we prove that there is a choice of weak K.A.M. solutions that depend in a continuous way on the cohomology class. We thus obtain a continuous function $u(θ, c)$ in two variables: the angle $θ$ and the cohomology class $c$. As a result, we prove that the Aubry-Mather sets are contained in pseudographs that are vertically ordered by their rotation numbers. Then we characterize the $C^0$ integrable twist maps in terms of regularity of $u$ that allows to see $u$ as a generating function. We also obtain some results for the Lipschitz integrable twist maps. With an exampl…
We discuss $C^0$-continuous homogeneous quasi-morphisms on the identity component of the group of compactly supported symplectomorphisms of a symplectic manifold. Such quasi-morphisms extend to the $C^0$-closure of this group inside the homeomorphism group. We show that for standard symplectic balls of any dimension, as well as for compact oriented surfaces, other than the sphere, the space of such quasi-morphisms is infinite-dimensional. In the case of surfaces, we give a user-friendly topological characterization of such quasi-morphisms. We also present an application to Hofer's geometry on …
In this paper, we address a question of Donaldson's on the best estimate that can be achieved for the transversality of an asymptotically holomorphic sequence of sections of increasing powers of a line bundle over an integral symplectic manifold. More specifically, we find an upper bound for the transversality of n such sequences of sections over a 2n-dimensional symplectic manifold. In the simplest case of S^2, we also relate the problem to a well known question in potential theory (namely, that of finding logarithmic equilibrium points), thus establishing an experimental lower bound for the …
We consider exact fillings with vanishing first Chern class of asymptotically dynamically convex (ADC) manifolds. We construct two structure maps on the positive symplectic cohomology and prove that they are independent of the filling for ADC manifolds. The invariance of the structure maps implies that the vanishing of symplectic cohomology and the existence of symplectic dilations are properties independent of the filling for ADC manifolds. Using them, various topological applications on symplectic fillings are obtained, including the uniqueness of diffeomorphism types of fillings for many co…
For a symplectic manifold admitting a metaplectic structure (a symplectic analogue of the Riemannian spin structure), we construct a sequence consisting of differential operators using a symplectic torsion-free affine connection. All but one of these operators are of first order. The first order ones are symplectic analogues of the twistor operators known from Riemannian spin geometry. We prove that under the condition the symplectic Weyl curvature tensor field of the symplectic connection vanishes, the mentioned sequence forms a complex. This gives rise to a new complex for the so called Ricc…
A symplectic manifold $W$ with contact type boundary $M = \partial W$ induces a linearization of the contact homology of $M$ with corresponding linearized contact homology $HC(M)$. We establish a Gysin-type exact sequence in which the symplectic homology $SH(W)$ of $W$ maps to $HC(M)$, which in turn maps to $HC(M)$, by a map of degree -2, which then maps to $SH(W)$. Furthermore, we give a description of the degree -2 map in terms of rational holomorphic curves with constrained asymptotic markers, in the symplectization of $M$.
We introduce quasi-symplectic groupoids and explain their relation with momentum map theories. This approach enables us to unify into a single framework various momentum map theories, including the ordinary Hamiltonian $G$-spaces, Lu's momentum maps of Poisson group actions, and group valued momentum maps of Alekseev--Malkin--Meinrenken. More precisely, we carry out the following program: (1) Define and study properties of quasi-symplectic groupoids; (2) Study the momentum map theory defined by a quasi-symplectic groupoid. In particular, we study the reduction theory and prove that the reduced…
In the present paper we study two sequences of real numbers associated to a symplectic diffeomorphism: the uniform norm of the differential of its n-th iteration and the word length of its n-th iteration. In the latter case we assume that our diffeomorphism lies in a finitely generated group of symplectic diffeomorphisms. We find lower bounds on the growth rates of these sequences in a number of situations. These bounds depend on the symplectic geometry of the manifold rather than on the specific choice of a diffeomorphism. They are obtained by using recent results of Schwarz on Floer homology…
In this paper we show that the classical results on the existence and uniqueness of moment maps in symplectic geometry generalize directly to weak homotopy moment maps in multisym- plectic geometry. In particular, we show that their existence and uniqueness is governed by a Lie algebra cohomology complex which reduces to the Chevalley-Eilenberg complex in the symplectic setup
We construct a local characteristic map to a symplectic manifold M via certain cohomology groups of Hamiltonian vector fields. For each p in M, the Leibniz cohomology of the Hamiltonian vector fields on R^{2n} maps to the Leibniz cohomology of all Hamiltonian vector fields on M. For a particular extension g_n of the symplectic Lie algebra, the Leibniz cohomology of g_n is shown to be an exterior algebra on the canonical symplectic two-form. The Leibniz homology of g_n then maps to the Leibniz homology of Hamiltonian vector fields on R^{2n}.
We consider D-branes in string theory and address the issue of how to describe them mathematically as a fundamental object (as opposed to a solitonic object) of string theory in the realm in differential and symplectic geometry. The notion of continuous maps, $k$-times differentiable maps, and smooth maps from an Azumaya/matrix manifold with a fundamental module to a (commutative) real manifold $Y$ is developed. Such maps are meant to describe D-branes or matrix branes in string theory when these branes are light and soft with only small enough or even zero brane-tension. When $Y$ is a symplec…
We give a construction of completely integrable ($2n$)-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with symplectic brackets of the Lie-Poisson type (linear in coordinates) and with quadratic Hamilton functions. Applying to any such system the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at a birational ($2n$)-dimensional map. We show that this map is symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of the original symplectic structure on $\mathbb R^{2n}$, and possesses $n$ independent integrals of motion, which are perturbations of the original Hamilton functions …
We give a construction of completely integrable $(2m)$-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with cubic Hamilton functions. The construction depends on a constant skew-Hamiltonian matrix $A$, that is, a matrix satisfying $A^{\rm T}J=JA$, where $J$ is a non-degenerate skew-symmetric matrix defining the standard symplectic structure on the phase space $\mathbb R^{2m}$. Applying to any such system the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at a birational $(2m)$-dimensional map. We show that this map is symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of …
We introduce an extension of the standard Local-to-Global Principle used in the proof of the convexity theorems for the momentum map to handle closed maps that take values in a length metric space. This extension is used to study the convexity properties of the cylinder valued momentum map introduced by Condevaux, Dazord, and Molino and allows us to obtain the most general convexity statement available in the literature for momentum maps associated to a symplectic Lie group action.
We give detailed descriptions of gluing pseudoholomorphic maps in symplectic geometry, especially in the presence of an obstruction bundle. The main motivation is to try to compare the symplectic and enumerative invariants of algebraic manifolds. These descriptions can also be used to enumerate rational curves with high-order degeneracies of local nature in projective spaces.
We introduce filtered cohomologies of differential forms on symplectic manifolds. They generalize and include the cohomologies discussed in Paper I and II as a subset. The filtered cohomologies are finite-dimensional and can be associated with differential elliptic complexes. Algebraically, we show that the filtered cohomologies give a two-sided resolution of Lefschetz maps, and thereby, they are directly related to the kernels and cokernels of the Lefschetz maps. We also introduce a novel, non-associative product operation on differential forms for symplectic manifolds. This product generates…
We investigate Lie algebras endowed with a complex symplectic structure and develop a method, called \emph{complex symplectic oxidation}, to construct certain complex symplectic Lie algebras of dimension $4n+4$ from those of dimension $4n$. We specialize this construction to the nilpotent case and apply complex symplectic oxidation to classify eight-dimensional nilpotent complex symplectic Lie algebras.
In this paper we exploit the geometric approach to the virtual fundamental class, due to Fukaya-Ono and Li-Tian, to compare the virtual fundamental classes of stable maps to a symplectic manifold and a symplectic submanifold whenever all constrained stable maps to the former are contained in the latter to first order. This extends versions of a statement well-known in the algebraic category to the symplectic category, where it appears to be less familiar. The latter's inherent flexibility then leads to a confirmation of Pandharipande's Gopakumar-Vafa prediction for GW-invariants of Fano classe…
A topological condition is given, characterizing which closed manifolds in dimensions < 8 (and conjecturally in general) admit symplectic structures. The condition is the existence of a certain fibration-like structure called a hyperpencil. A deformation class of hyperpencils on a manifold X of any even dimension is shown to determine an isotopy class of symplectic structures on X. This provides an inverse (at least in dimensions < 8) to Donaldson's program for constructing linear systems on symplectic manifolds. It follows that (at least in dimensions < 8) the set of deformation classes of hy…
A local normal form theorem for smooth equivariant maps between Fréchet manifolds is established. Moreover, an elliptic version of this theorem is obtained. The proof these normal form results is inspired by the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction for dynamical systems and by the Kuranishi method for moduli spaces, and uses a slice theorem for Fréchet manifolds as the main technical tool. As a consequence of this equivariant normal form theorem, the abstract moduli space obtained by factorizing a level set of the equivariant map with respect to the group action carries the structure of a Kuranishi spac…
We study symplectic Laplacians on compact symplectic manifolds with boundary. These Laplacians are associated with symplectic cohomologies of differential forms and can be of fourth-order. We introduce several natural boundary conditions on differential forms and use them to establish Hodge theory by proving various form decomposition and also isomorphisms between the symplectic cohomologies and the spaces of harmonic fields. These novel boundary conditions can be applied in certain cases to study relative symplectic cohomologies and Lefschetz maps between relative de Rham cohomologies. As an …
