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arXiv 0802.0526cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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非线性Couette流动下颗粒气体中的杂质

Impurity in a granular gas under nonlinear Couette flow

F. Vega Reyes, V. Garzo, A. Santos

摘要:

本文研究了在定常非线性库埃特流作用下颗粒气体中杂质的输运性质。起点是作者最近提出的低密度颗粒混合物的动力学模型[Vega Reyes F et al. 2007 Phys. Rev. E 75 061306]。已经考虑了两条路线。首先,通过利用气体粒子和杂质的动力学方程之间的正式映射,找到流体动力学或正常的解决方案。我们表明,杂质的输运性质的特征在于由杂质和气体粒子的温度之间的比率和由五个广义输运系数:三个与动量通量有关(非线性剪切粘度和两个法向应力差)和两个与热通量相关(非线性热导率和测量与热梯度正交的热通量分量的交叉系数)。其次,通过一个蒙特卡罗模拟方法,我们数值求解的动力学方程,并表明,我们的流体动力学解决方案是有效的,在大部分的流体时,使用现实的边界条件。此外,流体动力学的解决方案适用于任意(连续制度内)的剪切速率,非弹性,和系统的其余参数的大值。真实玻尔兹曼描述的初步模拟结果表明了动力学模型的非线性流体动力学解的可靠性。这再次表明,即使在极端条件下,超出Navier-Stokes域的颗粒流的流体动力学描述的有效性。

英文摘要:

We study in this work the transport properties of an impurity immersed in a granular gas under stationary nonlinear Couette flow. The starting point is a kinetic model for low-density granular mixtures recently proposed by the authors [Vega Reyes F et al. 2007 Phys. Rev. E 75 061306]. Two routes have been considered. First, a hydrodynamic or normal solution is found by exploiting a formal mapping between the kinetic equations for the gas particles and for the impurity. We show that the transport properties of the impurity are characterized by the ratio between the temperatures of the impurity and gas particles and by five generalized transport coefficients: three related to the momentum flux (a nonlinear shear viscosity and two normal stress differences) and two related to the heat flux (a nonlinear thermal conductivity and a cross coefficient measuring a component of the heat flux orthogonal to the thermal gradient). Second, by means of a Monte Carlo simulation method we numerically solve the kinetic equations and show that our hydrodynamic solution is valid in the bulk of the fluid when realistic boundary conditions are used. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic solution applies to arbitrarily (inside the continuum regime) large values of the shear rate, of the inelasticity, and of the rest of parameters of the system. Preliminary simulation results of the true Boltzmann description show the reliability of the nonlinear hydrodynamic solution of the kinetic model. This shows again the validity of a hydrodynamic description for granular flows, even under extreme conditions, beyond the Navier-Stokes domain.

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