Fernando Dobarro, Bulent Unal
We consider Killing vector fields on standard static space-times and obtain equations for a vector field on a standard static space-time to be Killing. We also provide a characterization of Killing vector fields on standard static space-times with compact Riemannian parts.
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Statistical conformal Killing Vector Fields for FLRW Space-Time
本文从新视角研究FLRW时空的共形Killing向量场，证明存在九个共形向量场（六个Killing），并分类统计结构及联络条件。
Killing vector fields of a closed homogeneous and isotropic universe are studied. It is shown that in general case there is no time-like Killing vector fields in such a universe. Two exceptional cases are revealed.
Given an d-dimensional manifold with two commuting Killing vectors, together with an d - 1 dimensional submanifold in which one of the Killing vectors lies, then the lapse and shift of the second Killing vector, relative to this slice, remain constant along the orbits of the `surface' Killing vector. Alternatively, the six dot products that can be formed from the three vectors, the two Killing vectors and the normal to the submanifold, are all constants along the `surface' Killing vector.
It is natural to expect and simple to prove that every conformally flat space possess the maximal number of conformal Killing vector fields (CKVs). On the other hand, it is interesting to ask whether the converse is true. Is conformal flatness a necessary condition for the existence of the maximal number of CKVs? In this review article it is proven that the answer is yes, a space admits the maximal number of CKVs if, and only if, it is conformally flat.
Stationary and axially symmetric space-times play an important role in astrophysics, particularly in the theory of neutron stars and black holes. The static vacuum sub-class of these space-times is known as Weyl's class, and contains the Schwarzschild space-time as its most prominent example. This paper is going to study the space of Killing tensor fields of valence 3 for space-times of Weyl's class. Killing tensor fields play a crucial role in physics since they are in correspondence to invariants of the geodesic motion (i.e. constants of the motion). It will be proven that in static and axia…
Unit Killing Initial Data
研究在初始数据曲面上找到与爱因斯坦 Λ - 真空发展中特定单位向量场对应的微分方程组（uKID 方程），通过消除缩放自由度等方法得到相关方程并推广到规范联络形式，还用传播恒等式方法独立推导了 uKID 方程。
Symmetry algebras of Killing vector fields and conformal Killing vectors fields can be extended to Killing-Yano and conformal Killing-Yano superalgebras in constant curvature manifolds. By defining $\mathbb{Z}$-gradations and filtrations of these superalgebras, we show that the second cohomology groups of them are trivial and they cannot be deformed to other Lie superalgebras. This shows the rigidity of Killing-Yano and conformal Killing-Yano superalgebras and reveals the fact that they correspond to geometric invariants of constant curvature manifolds. We discuss the structures and dimensions…
We define and make an initial study of (even) Riemannian supermanifolds equipped with a homological vector field that is also a Killing vector field. We refer to such supermanifolds as Riemannian Q-manifolds. We show that such Q-manifolds are unimodular, i.e., come equipped with a Q-invariant Berezin volume.
The harmonic action functional allows a natural generalisation to semi-Riemannian supergeometry, referred to as superharmonic action, which resembles the supersymmetric sigma models studied in high energy physics. We show that Killing vector fields are infinitesimal supersymmetries of the superharmonic action and prove three different Noether theorems in this context. En passant, we provide a homogeneous treatment of five characterisations of Killing vector fields on semi-Riemannian supermanifolds, thus filling a gap in the literature.
This paper is concerned with deformations of Kundt metrics in the direction of type $III$ tensors and nil-Killing vector fields whose flows give rise to such deformations. We find various characterizations within the Kundt class in terms of nil-Killing vector fields and obtain a theorem classifying algebraic stability of tensors, which has an application in finding sufficient criteria for a type $III$ deformation of the metric to preserve spi's. This is used in order to specify Lie algebras of nil-Killing vector fields that preserve the spi's, for degenerate Kundt metrics. Using this we discus…
We consider three-dimensional Lorentzian metrics that locally admit four independent Killing vectors. Their classification is summarized, and conditions for characterizing them are found. These consist of algebraic classification of the traceless Ricci tensor, and other conditions satisfied by the curvature and its derivative.
In this paper, we define a semi-symmetric metric Killing vector field, then study semi-symmetric metric Killing vector fields on warped and multiply warped products with a semi-symmetric metric connection. We also study Killing and 2-Killing vector fields on multiply warped products.
A three-dimensional Riemannian manifold has locally 6, 4, 3, 2, 1 or none independent Killing vectors. We present an explicit algorithm for computing dimension of the infinitesimal isometry algebra. It branches according to the values of curvature invariants. These are relative differential invariants computed via curvature, but they are not scalar polynomial Weyl invariants. We compare our obstructions to the existence of Killing vectors with the known existence criteria due to Singer, Kerr and others.
Many extensions of General Relativity are based on considering metric and affine structures as independent properties of spacetime. This leads to the possibility of introducing torsion as an independent degree of freedom. In this article we examine the effects of torsion on the affine Killing vectors of two-dimensional manifolds. We give a complete description of the Lie algebras of affine Killing vector fields on homogeneous surfaces. This can be used in the search of non-metrizable surfaces of interest.
We study the existence of a non-spacelike isometry, ζ, in higher dimensional Kundt spacetimes with constant scalar curvature invariants (CSI). We present the particular forms for the null or timelike Killing vectors and a set of constraints for the metric functions in each case. Within the class of N dimensional CSI Kundt spacetimes, admitting a non-spacelike isometry, we determine which of these can admit a covariantly constant null vector that also satisfy ζ_{[a;b]} = 0.
A supermanifold M is canonically associated to any pseudo Riemannian spin manifold (M_0,g_0). Extending the metric g_0 to a field g of bilinear forms g(p) on T_p M, p\in M_0, the pseudo Riemannian supergeometry of (M,g) is formulated as G-structure on M, where G is a supergroup with even part G_0\cong Spin(k,l); (k,l) the signature of (M_0,g_0). Killing vector fields on (M,g) are, by definition, infinitesimal automorphisms of this G-structure. For every spinor field s there exists a corresponding odd vector field X_s on M. Our main result is that X_s is a Killing vector field on (M,g) if and o…
We study Finsler spacetimes and Killing vector fields taking care of the fact that the generalized metric tensor associated to the Lorentz-Finsler function $L$ is in general well defined only on a subset of the slit tangent bundle. We then introduce a new class of Finsler spacetimes endowed with a timelike Killing vector field that we call stationary splitting Finsler spacetimes. We characterize when a Finsler spacetime with a timelike Killing vector field is locally a stationary splitting. Finally, we show that the causal structure of a stationary splitting is the same of one of two Finsleria…
We devise an algorithm which allows one to count the number of Killing vectors for a Lorentzian manifold of dimension 3. Our algorithm relies on the principal traces of powers of the Ricci tensor and branches intricately according to the values of differential invariants arising from the compatibility conditions of the Killing equation. As illustrating examples, we classify the Lifshitz and pp-wave spacetimes into a hierarchy based on their level of symmetry. A complete classification of spacetimes admitting 4 Killing vectors is also presented.
From local isometries to global symmetries: Bridging Killing vectors and Lie algebras through induced vector fields
本文以诱导向量场为核心，建立 n 维最大对称空间的 Killing 向量场与其等距李群之间的新联系，并以三维 Euclid 空间和 Minkowski 时空为例说明。
The tangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold (M,g) with non-degenerated g-natural metric G that admits a Killing vector field is investigated. Using Taylor's formula (TM,G) is decomposed into four classes that are investigated separately. The equivalence of the existence of Killing vector field on M and TM is proved. Key words: Riemannian manifold, tangent bundle, g-natural metric, Killing vector field, non-degenerate metric.
The present article provides a study of $2-$Killing vector fields on warped product manifolds as well as characterization of this structure on standard static and generalized Robertson-Walker space-times. Some conditions for a $2-$Killing vector field on a warped product manifold to be parallel are obtained. Moreover, some results on the curvature of a warped product manifolds in terms of $2-$Killing vector fields are derived. Finally, we apply our results to describe $2-$Killing vector fields of some well known warped product space-time models.
Using twistor methods, we explicitly construct all local forms of four--dimensional real analytic neutral signature anti--self--dual conformal structures $(M,[g])$ with a null conformal Killing vector. We show that $M$ is foliated by anti-self-dual null surfaces, and the two-dimensional leaf space inherits a natural projective structure. The twistor space of this projective structure is the quotient of the twistor space of $(M,[g])$ by the group action induced by the conformal Killing vector. We obtain a local classification which branches according to whether or not the conformal Killing vect…
The main purpose of the paper is to investigate Killing vector field on the tangent bundle T(M_{n}) of the Riemannian manifold with respect to the Levi-Civita connection of the metric II+III .
The defining equations for Killing vector fields and conformal Killing vector fields are overdetermined systems of PDE. This makes it difficult to solve the systems numerically. We propose an approach which reduces the computation to the solution of a symmetric eigenvalue problem. The eigenvalue problem is then solved by finite element techniques. The formulation itself is valid in any dimension and for arbitrary compact Riemannian manifolds. The numerical results which validate the method are given in two dimensional case.
We show how geodesics, Jacobi vector fields and flag curvature of a Finsler metric behave under Zermelo deformation with respect to a Killing vector field. We also show that Zermelo deformation with respect to a Killing vector field of a locally symmetric Finsler metric is also locally symmetric.
Generalizing Riemannian theorems of Anderson-Herzlich and Biquard, we show that two $(n+1)$-dimensional stationary vacuum space-times (possibly with cosmological constant $Λ\in \R$) that coincide up to order one along a timelike hypersurface $\mycal T$ are isometric in a neighbourhood of $\mycal T$. We further prove that KIDS of $\partial M$ extend to Killing vectors near $\partial M$. In the AdS type setting, we show unique continuation near conformal infinity if the metrics have the same conformal infinity and the same undetermined term. Extension near $\partial M$ of conformal Killing vecto…
In this paper, we completely classify the magnetic curves (also N-magnetic curves with constant curvature) in a Galilean 3-space associated to a Killing vector field.
In the present paper we classify curves and surfaces in Euclidean $3-$space which make constant angle with a certain Killing vector field. Moreover, we characterize the catenoid and Dini's surface in terms of constant angle surfaces.
Motivated by the possible characterization of Sasakian manifolds in terms of twistor forms, we give the complete classification of compact Riemannian manifolds carrying a Killing vector field whose covariant derivative (viewed as a 2-form) is a twistor form.
Quadratic Killing tensors on symmetric spaces which are not generated by Killing vector fields
研究揭示了在常曲率空间和复射影空间上，杀向量场张量可分解为对称张量积，但并非所有黎曼对称空间的杀向量场张量都具有此性质，通过构造实例证明这一点。
Monotonicity of Causal Killing Vectors and Geometry of ADM Mass Minimizers
本文研究了ADM质量极小化初始数据集，证明了正质量定理等号情形与正Bartnik质量极小化子的时空嵌入性质，并利用因果Killing向量场Lorentzian长度的新单调性公式证实了Bartnik平稳真空猜想。
Motivated by the study of Killing forms on compact Riemannian manifolds of negative sectional curvature, we introduce the notion of generalized vector cross products on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and give their classification. Using previous results about Killing tensors on negatively curved manifolds and a new characterization of $\mathrm{SU}(3)$-structures in dimension $6$ whose associated $3$-form is Killing, we then show that every Killing $3$-form on a compact $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifold with negative sectional curvature vanishes if $n\ge 4$.
Killing vector fields of constant length correspond to isometries of constant displacement. Those in turn have been used to study homogeneity of Riemannian and Finsler quotient manifolds. Almost all of that work has been done for group manifolds or, more generally, for symmetric spaces. This paper extends the scope of research on constant length Killing vector fields to a class of Riemannian normal homogeneous spaces.
We study 6-dimensional nearly Kahler manifolds admitting a Killing vector field of unit length. In the compact case it is shown that up to a finite cover there is only one geometry possible, that of the 3--symmetric space $S^3 \times S^3$.
We provide a generalization of the Lie algebra of conformal Killing vector fields to conformal Killing-Yano forms. A new Lie bracket for conformal Killing-Yano forms that corresponds to slightly modified Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket of differential forms is proposed. We show that conformal Killing-Yano forms satisfy a graded Lie algebra in constant curvature manifolds. It is also proven that normal conformal Killing-Yano forms in Einstein manifolds also satisfy a graded Lie algebra. The constructed graded Lie algebras reduce to the graded Lie algebra of Killing-Yano forms and the Lie algebras of…
Given a globally hyperbolic spacetime endowed with a complete lightlike Killing vector field and a complete Cauchy hypersurface, we characterize the points which can be connected by geodesics. A straightforward consequence is the geodesic connectedness of globally hyperbolic generalized plane waves with a complete Cauchy hypersurface.
We revisit the problem of extension of a Killing vector field in a spacetime which is solution to the Einstein-Maxwell equation. This extension has been proved to be unique in the case of a Killing vector field which is normal to a bifurcate horizon by Yu. Here we generalize the extension of the vector field to a strong null convex domain in an electrovacuum spacetime, inspired by the same technique used by Ionescu-Klainerman in the setting of Ricci flat manifolds. We also prove a result concerning non-extendibility: we show that one can find local, stationary electrovacuum extension of a Kerr…
In this paper we present some structural results on the Lie algebras of transitive isometry groups of a general compact homogenous Riemannian manifold with nontrivial Killing vector fields of constant length.
We study the relation between the existence of null conformal Killing vector fields and existence of compatible complex and para-hypercomplex structures on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold with metric of signature (2,2). We establish first the topological types of pseudo-Hermitian surfaces admitting a nowhere vanishing null vector field. Then we show that a pair of orthogonal, pointwise linearly independent, null, conformal Killing vector fields defines a para-hyperhermitian structure and use this fact for a classification of the smooth compact four-manifolds admitting such a pair of vector fields…
In this article, we will discuss the smooth $(X_{M}+\sqrt{-1}Y_{M})$-invariant forms on $M$ and to establish a localization formulas. As an application, we get a localization formulas for characteristic numbers.
We define and examine the notion of a Killing section of a Riemannian Lie algebroid as a natural generalisation of a Killing vector field. We show that the various expression for a vector field to be Killing naturally generalise to the setting of Lie algebroids. As an application we examine the internal symmetries of a class of sigma models for which the target space is a Riemannian Lie algebroid. Critical points of these sigma models are interpreted as generalised harmonic maps.
This paper is devoted to the study of properties of Killing vector fields of constant length on Riemannian manifolds. If $\mathfrak{g}$ is a Lie algebra of Killing vector fields on a given Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$, and $X\in \mathfrak{g}$ has constant length on $(M,g)$, then we prove that the linear operator $\operatorname{ad}(X):\mathfrak{g} \rightarrow \mathfrak{g}$ has a pure imaginary spectrum. More detailed structure results on the corresponding operator $\operatorname{ad}(X)$ are obtained. Some special examples of vector fields of constant length are constructed.
Killing vector fields on semi-Riemannian product manifolds
本文将 Hano 定理从黎曼流形推广到半黎曼乘积流形，证明在额外假设下 Killing 向量场空间仍同构于各因子 Killing 向量场的直和，并举例说明该假设的必要性。
Characterizing the $2$-Killing vector fields on multiply twisted product spacetimes
该研究针对多重扭积流形（侧重广义时空）上的2-Killing向量场展开刻画，推导了描述该类向量场与扭函数的非线性微分方程，给出特解并构造了相关实例。
In this article we investigate the relations between three kinds of vector fields with close connection to each other. A compact orientable manifold enables us to integrate over it, which is very different from noncompact manifolds, and this gives difference of those relationships between on compact and noncompact manifolds.
We construct solutions to the constraint equations in general relativity using the limit equation criterion introduced by Dahl, Humbert and the first author. We focus on solutions over compact 3-manifolds admitting a $\bS^1$-symmetry group. When the quotient manifold has genus greater than 2, we obtain strong far from CMC results.
We prove that any compact Cauchy horizon with constant non-zero surface gravity in a smooth vacuum spacetime is a smooth Killing horizon. The novelty here is that the Killing vector field is shown to exist on both sides of the horizon. This generalises classical results by Moncrief and Isenberg, by dropping the assumption that the metric is analytic. In previous work by Rácz and the author, the Killing vector field was constructed on the globally hyperbolic side of the horizon. In this paper, we prove a new unique continuation theorem for wave equations through smooth compact lightlike (charac…
A direct, bundle-theoretic method for defining and extending local isometries out of curvature data is developed. As a by-product, conceptual direct proofs of a classical result of Singer and a recent result of the authors are derived.
Killing Vectors and Bochner-Type Theorems in Pseudo-Riemannian Hom-Lie Algebras
研究伪黎曼Hom-李代数，建立黎曼和洛伦兹情形下经典Bochner定理的Hom-版本，并证明Killing向量空间构成全测地Hom-李子代数。
We study the geometry and the periodic geodesics of a compact Lorentzian manifold that has a Killing vector field which is timelike somewhere. Using a compactness argument for subgroups of the isometry group, we prove the existence of one timelike non self-intersecting periodic geodesic. If the Killing vector field is never vanishing, then there are at least two distinct periodic geodesics; as a special case, compact stationary manifolds have at least two periodic timelike geodesics. We also discuss some properties of the topology of such manifolds. In particular, we show that a compact manifo…
We show that if a compact hypersurface $M \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, $n \geq3$, admits a non zero Killing vector field $X$ of constant length then $n$ is even and $M$ is diffeomorphic to the unit hypersphere of $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$. Actually, we show that $M$ is a complex ellipsoid in $\mathbb{C}^{N} = \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$. As an application we give a simpler proof of a recent theorem due to S. Deshmukh \cite{De12}.
Hydrodynamic Killing vector fields on surfaces
本文提出流体动力学 Killing 向量场（HKVF）概念，证明任何容许 HKVF 的连通可定向曲面必共形等价于 14 个具有旋转或平移对称度量的典范黎曼曲面之一，为曲面流体稳定性及气象应用奠定基础。
Let $D$ be a set of smooth vector fields on the smooth manifold $M$.It is known that orbits of $D$ are submanifolds of M. Partition $F$ of M into orbits of $D$ is a singular foliation. In this paper we are studying geometry of foliation which is generated by orbits of a family of Killing vector fields.In the case $M=R^3$ it is obtained full geometrical classification of $F$. Throughout this paper the word "smooth" refers to a class $C^\infty$.
We consider 3D flow equations inspired by the renormalization group (RG) equations of string theory with a three dimensional target space. By modifying the flow equations to include a U(1) gauge field, and adding carefully chosen De Turck terms, we are able to extend recent 2D results of Bakas to the case of a 3D Riemannian metric with one Killing vector. In particular, we show that the RG flow with De Turck terms can be reduced to two equations: the continual Toda flow solved by Bakas, plus its linearizaton. We find exact solutions which flow to homogeneous but not always isotropic geometries…
Minimal graphs over non-compact domains in 3-manifolds fibered by a Killing vector field
研究3维流形上非紧致域的极小Killing图，解决Dirichlet问题并证明唯一性和奇点可移除性。
Bochner-Yano Type Theorems for Conformal Killing Vector Fields under Curvature Pinching Conditions
研究曲率挤压条件下闭黎曼流形上共形 Killing 向量场，通过建立新 Bochner 型恒等式和 Moser 迭代得梯度估计，证明 Ricci 曲率有界时非平凡共形 Killing 向量场处处非零，推广了相关经典定理。
Almost coKähler manifolds in the context of mixed Killing vector field
研究混合Killing向量场在几乎coKähler流形上的性质，证明了Reeb向量场ξ为混合Killing当且仅当h=0，并分类了三维情形。
In this article, we will discuss a localization formulas of equivariant cohomology about two Killing vector fields on the set of zero points ${\rm{Zero}}(X_{M}-\sqrt{-1}Y_{M})=\{x\in M \mid |Y_{M}(x)|=|X_{M}(x)|=0 \}.$ As application, we use it to get formulas about characteristic numbers and to get a Duistermaat-Heckman type formula on symplectic manifold.
Mixed Killing Vector Fields on Cigar Ricci-Bourguignon Solitons
研究雪茄型Ricci-Bourguignon孤子上由条件$L_V L_V g = f L_V g$定义的混合Killing向量场，证明了刚性现象并刻画了完备混合Killing场的维数为5，给出了显式基。
Killing tensors on projective spaces
研究射影空间上的克利福德张量场，证明四元数射影空间上其代数由克利福德向量场和不可分解二次克利福德张量场生成，还给出复射影空间上相关代数由克利福德向量场生成的另一证明。
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