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arXiv 0801.3324gr-qcastro-phhep-phhep-th
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球对称中的准定域变量:数值应用于暗物质和暗能量源

Quasi-local variables in spherical symmetry: numerical applications to dark matter and dark energy sources

Roberto A. Sussman

摘要:

一个数值方法被认为是球对称时空,推广勒梅特-托尔曼-邦迪尘埃解决方案,非零压力(“LTB时空”)。我们引入准局部(QL)变量,这些变量是协变的LTB对象,满足Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker(FLRW)宇宙学演化方程。我们严格证明,从QL标量的局部协变标量的相对偏差是非线性的,规范不变和协变扰动FLRW形式的“背景”的QL标量。LTB时空的动力学完全由QL标量和这些精确微扰决定。由于LTB时空与各种各样的“状态方程”兼容,无论是单一流体还是混合物,在FLRW框架(或线性扰动)中,大量已知的暗物质和暗能量源的解决方案可以在理想化但非平凡的非均匀条件下容易地进行检查。坐标的选择和初始条件推导出的微扰方程的数值处理,使我们能够研究在各种现象,如引力坍缩,非本地效应,空洞形成,暗物质和暗能量耦合和粒子创建的非线性效应。特别是,嵌入的非均匀区域可以通过一个合适的FLRW解决方案的平滑匹配,从而推广了牛顿的“礼帽”模型,广泛用于天体物理学文献。作为应用的形式主义的例子,我们研究数值的形成中的一个黑洞在一个不断扩大的Chaubergin气体FLRW宇宙,以及密度团块和空洞的冷暗物质和暗能量的交互式混合物的演变。

英文摘要:

A numerical approach is considered for spherically symmetric spacetimes that generalize Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi dust solutions to nonzero pressure ("LTB spacetimes"). We introduce quasi-local (QL) variables that are covariant LTB objects satisfying evolution equations of Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmologies. We prove rigorously that relative deviations of the local covariant scalars from the QL scalars are non-linear, gauge invariant and covariant perturbations on a FLRW formal "background" given by the QL scalars. The dynamics of LTB spacetimes is completely determined by the QL scalars and these exact perturbations. Since LTB spacetimes are compatible with a wide variety of "equations of state", either single fluids or mixtures, a large number of known solutions with dark matter and dark energy sources in a FLRW framework (or with linear perturbations) can be readily examined under idealized but non-trivial inhomogeneous conditions. Coordinate choices and initial conditions are derived for a numerical treatment of the perturbation equations, allowing us to study non-linear effects in a variety of phenomena, such as gravitational collapse, non-local effects, void formation, dark matter and dark energy couplings and particle creation. In particular, the embedding of inhomogeneous regions can be performed by a smooth matching with a suitable FLRW solution, thus generalizing the Newtonian "top hat" models that are widely used in astrophysical literature. As examples of the application of the formalism, we examine numerically the formation of a black hole in an expanding Chaplygin gas FLRW universe, as well as the evolution of density clumps and voids in an interactive mixture of cold dark matter and dark energy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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