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arXiv 0712.4301gr-qc
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具有宇宙学常数的四维Einstein方程的嵌入

Embeddings for 4D Einstein equations with a cosmological constant

J. Ponce de Leon

摘要:

有许多方法可以将四维时空嵌入到给定的高维流形中,同时满足场方程。在这项工作中,我们扩展和推广Mashhoon和Wesson({ \it Gen. Rel.重力。{ \bf 39},1403(2007))通过示出在具有宇宙学常数的真空中、在里奇平坦中以及在反德西特(anti-de Sitter)的5D流形中嵌入4D爱因斯坦方程的解的不同方式。这些嵌入导致了4D中不同的物理学。特别是,不等价的宇宙学项作为额外坐标的函数。我们研究了不同嵌入的测试粒子的运动,并表明在4D中测量的测试粒子的有效质量的几种定义之间是完全等价的,这些定义是从不同的理论方法获得的,如Hamilton-Jacobi形式主义和最小作用原理。对于所考虑的情况下,我们发现,在4D中观察到的有效质量是相同的,无论我们是否考虑零或非零运动在5D中。

英文摘要:

There are many ways of embedding a 4D spacetime in a given higher-dimensional manifold while, satisfying the field equations. In this work we extend and generalize a recent paper by Mashhoon and Wesson ({\it Gen. Rel. Gravit.} {\bf 39}, 1403(2007)) by showing different ways of embedding a solution of the 4D Einstein equations, in vacuum with a cosmological constant, in a Ricci-flat, as well as in an anti-de Sitter, 5D manifold. These embeddings lead to different physics in 4D. In particular, to non-equivalent cosmological terms as functions of the extra coordinate. We study the motion of test particles for different embeddings and show that there is a complete equivalence between several definitions for the effective mass of test particles measured in 4D, obtained from different theoretical approaches like the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism and the principle of least action. For the case under consideration, we find that the effective mass observed in 4D is the same regardless of whether we consider null or non-null motion in 5D.

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