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arXiv 0709.0069cond-mat.stat-mech
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亚稳态和非平衡态stationary states的统计物理

On the statistical physics of metastable and non-equilibrium stationary states

Alejandro Cabo, Sergio Curilef

摘要:

探讨了定义亚稳态或稳态平衡的优化问题。对Gibbs格式进行了修正,使之能描述一类非平衡态和亚稳态的统计性质。假设系统最大化熵的通常定义,受到标准的恒定能量和范数的限制,加上额外的约束。中心假设是,所考虑的亚稳态的存在是由该附加动力学约束的作用决定的,该附加动力学约束阻止系统演化到其最大熵状态,从而使其保持在亚稳态或稳态构型。在从统计描述中要求对两个几乎独立的子系统的组合有效之后,可以得出约束算子C的特征值应该具有关于密度矩阵p{i}的特征值的限制齐次形式C(p{i})=p{i}^{q},其中q是固定实数。因此,约束函数的特征值的分布具有Tsallis结构。这一结论表明,q参数的解释反映了均匀依赖的约束决定的亚稳态的密度矩阵。应用于Huang和Drivel的等离子体实验,期望在别处考虑,以便将结果与Tsallis方案和最小拟能方案进行比较。

英文摘要:

The optimization problems defining meta-stable or stationary equilibrium are explored. The Gibbs scheme is modified aiming to describe the statistical properties of a class of non-equilibrium and metastable states. The system is assumed to maximize the usual definition of the Entropy, subject to the standard constant energy and norm restrictions, plus additional constraints. The central assumption is that the existence of the considered metastable state is determined by the action of this additional dynamical constraint, that blocks the evolution of the system up to its maximum Entropy state, thus maintaining it in the metastable or stationary configuration. After requiring from the statistical description to be valid for the combination of two nearly independent subsystems, it follows that the eigenvalues of the constraint operators C should have the restricted homogeneous form C(p{i})=p{i}^{q}, in terms of the eigenvalues of the density matrix p{i}, where q is a fixed real number. Therefore, the distribution of the eigenvalues of the constraint function have the Tsallis structure. This conclusion suggests the interpretation of the q parameter as reflecting the homogeneous dependence of the constraint determining the metastable state on the density matrix. An application to the plasma experiments of Huang and Driscoll is expected to be considered elsewhere in order to compare the results with Tsallis scheme and the minimal Enstrophy one.

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