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arXiv 0706.2623gr-qchep-thmath-phmath.MP
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圈量子引力的量子动力学

Quantum Dyanmics of Loop Quantum Gravity

Muxin Han

摘要:

环圈量子引力作为统一广义相对论和量子力学的一种背景无关的方法,在过去的20年里得到了广泛的研究。圈量子引力的目标是为四维流形上的洛伦兹引力场构造一个数学上严格的、背景无关的、非微扰的量子理论。在这种方法中,量子力学的原理与广义相对论的原理自然地结合在一起。这样的组合为我们提供了一幅“量子黎曼几何”的图景,它在基本尺度上是离散的。在量子动力学研究中,约束的经典表达式被量子化为算符。量子演化包含在量子约束方程的解中。另一方面,为了检验量子动力学的半经典极限,必须进行半经典分析。本文从教学的角度介绍了圈量子引力的动力学理论的结构。首先,我们回顾了广义相对论作为动力学联系理论的经典形式。然后引入运动学Ashtekar-Isham-Lewandowski表象作为圈量子引力的基础。我们讨论了一个哈密顿约束算子和主约束程序的建设,为纯引力和物质场耦合的情况下。最后讨论了检验量子动力学半经典极限的一些策略。

英文摘要:

In the last 20 years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. The aim of loop quantum gravity is to construct a mathematically rigorous, background independent, nonperturbative quantum theory for the Lorentzian gravitational field on a four-dimensional manifold. In this approach, the principles of quantum mechanics are combined with those of general relativity naturally. Such a combination provides us a picture of "quantum Riemannian geometry", which is discrete at a fundamental scale. In the investigation of quantum dynamics, the classical expressions of constraints are quantized as operators. The quantum evolution is contained in the solutions of the quantum constraint equations. On the other hand, the semi-classical analysis has to be carried out in order to test the semiclassical limit of the quantum dynamics. In this thesis, the structure of the dynamical theory in loop quantum gravity is presented pedagogically. The outline is as follows: first we review the classical formalism of general relativity as a dynamical theory of connections. Then the kinematical Ashtekar-Isham-Lewandowski representation is introduced as a foundation of loop quantum gravity. We discuss the construction of a Hamiltonian constraint operator and the master constraint programme, for both the cases of pure gravity and matter field coupling. Finally, some strategies are discussed concerning testing the semiclassical limit of the quantum dynamics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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