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arXiv quant-ph/9907079quant-ph
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量子门与Clifford代数

Quantum Gates and Clifford Algebras

Alexander Yu. Vlasov

摘要:

Clifford代数用于定义旋量。由于采用自旋1/2系统作为量子比特的适当模型,代数与量子信息科学的关系具有物理上的合理性。但是代数的一些简单的数学性质也证明了这种应用的合理性。首先,任何具有2n个生成元的复Clifford代数Cl(2n,C)都表示为所有2^nx2^n复矩阵的代数,因此包括任何量子n门的酉矩阵。整个代数的任意元素都对应于线性复变换的一般形式。最后一个性质也是有用的,因为如果线性算子用于描述某些酉算子对子空间的限制,则线性算子不一定是酉的。第二个优点是Cl(2n)的代数结构简单,可以通过标准“建筑单元”的tenzor积来表示,并且与复合量子系统的行为类似。2n个生成元的紧凑表示法也可用于现代常规计算机对简单量子线路建模的软件中。

英文摘要:

Clifford algebras are used for definition of spinors. Because of using spin-1/2 systems as an adequate model of quantum bit, a relation of the algebras with quantum information science has physical reasons. But there are simple mathematical properties of the algebras those also justifies such applications. First, any complex Clifford algebra with 2n generators, Cl(2n,C), has representation as algebra of all 2^n x 2^n complex matrices and so includes unitary matrix of any quantum n-gate. An arbitrary element of whole algebra corresponds to general form of linear complex transformation. The last property is also useful because linear operators are not necessary should be unitary if they used for description of restriction of some unitary operator to subspace. The second advantage is simple algebraic structure of Cl(2n) that can be expressed via tenzor product of standard "building units" and similar with behavior of composite quantum systems. The compact notation with 2n generators also can be used in software for modeling of simple quantum circuits by modern conventional computers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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