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arXiv quant-ph/9807048quant-phhep-th
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伽莫夫矢量与施温格效应

The Gamow vectors and the Schwinger effect

Fabian H. Gaioli, Edgardo T. Garcia Alvarez, Mario A. Castagnino

摘要:

我们引入一个“适当的时间”的形式主义,研究在一个均匀的外部电场由于粒子生产的真空的不稳定性。这种形式主义允许我们将量子场论问题简化为更高维度的量子力学问题。这种不稳定性是由哈密顿量中出现的反振子结构引起的。我们表明,'适当的时间'酉演化分裂成两个半群。与衰减Gamov向量相关的半群与Green函数的Feynman边界条件相关,而与增长Gamov向量相关的半群与Dyson边界条件相关。

英文摘要:

We introduce a `proper time' formalism to study the instability of the vacuum in a uniform external electric field due to particle production. This formalism allows us to reduce a quantum field theoretical problem to a quantum-mechanical one in a higher dimension. The instability results from the inverted oscillator structure which appears in the Hamiltonian. We show that the `proper time' unitary evolution splits into two semigroups. The semigroup associated with decaying Gamov vectors is related to the Feynman boundary conditions for the Green functions and the semigroup associated with growing Gamov vectors is related to the Dyson boundary conditions.

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