随机粒子湮灭：相对论性量子场论中的一种态约化模型
Stochastic particle annihilation: a model of state reduction in relativistic quantum field theory
摘要：
本文概述了相对论性量子场论中涉及薛定谔方程非线性随机扩展的态约化模型。湮灭算子的本征态被选为首选的基础上发生减少。这些是饱和海森堡测不准关系的束缚的相干态，表现出类似经典的行为。在推广到相对论标量量子场论之前，对量子谐振子进行了详细的研究。能量密度的无限增长率在这个模型中是不存在的，而这种无限增长率一直困扰着最近相对论提出的动力学态简化。这是因为状态演化方程并不驱动粒子从真空中产生。该模型需要一个首选序列的类空超曲面支持类时状态演化的规范。然而，它示出的优选表面的选择有没有影响扰动的结果，二阶耦合参数。它演示了如何减少到一个电荷密度的基础上，可以诱导在费米子物质通过适当的耦合到玻色子场进行这种机制。
英文摘要：
A model of state reduction in relativistic quantum field theory involving a nonlinear stochastic extension of Schrödinger's equation is outlined. The eigenstates of the annihilation operator are chosen as the preferred basis onto which reduction occurs. These are the coherent states which saturate the bound of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, exhibiting classical-like behavior. The quantum harmonic oscillator is studied in detail before generalizing to relativistic scalar quantum field theory. The infinite rates of increase in energy density which have plagued recent relativistic proposals of dynamical state reduction are absent in this model. This is because the state evolution equation does not drive particle creation from the vacuum. The model requires the specification of a preferred sequence of space-like hyper-surfaces supporting the time-like state evolution. However, it is shown that the choice of preferred surfaces has no effect on perturbative results to second order in the coupling parameter. It is demonstrated how state reduction to a charge density basis can be induced in fermionic matter via an appropriate coupling to a bosonic field undergoing this mechanism.
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