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arXiv quant-ph/0512102quant-ph
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量子纠缠与密度泛函理论的关系

Relationship of Quantum Entanglement to Density Functional Theory

A. K. Rajagopal, R. W. Rendell

摘要:

最大冯诺伊曼熵原理在某些物理观测量的平均值的给定约束下确定密度矩阵。类似地,在类似约束下的时间相关(耗散)情况下的定态作用原理产生密度矩阵。自由能和纠缠的措施表示在这样的密度矩阵,从而定义各自的泛函的平均值。通过对几种模型的计算,发现密度矩阵包含了量子纠缠和相变的信息,尽管它们之间可能没有直接的联系。

英文摘要:

The maximum von Neumann entropy principle subject to given constraints of mean values of some physical observables determines the density matrix. Similarly the stationary action principle in the case of time-dependent (dissipative) situations under similar constraints yields the density matrix. The free energy and measures of entanglement are expressed in terms of such a density matrix and thus define respective functionals of the mean values. In the light of several model calculations, it is found that the density matrix contains information about both quantum entanglement and phase transitions even though there may not be any direct relationship implied by one on the other.

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