Recently, King and Ruskai [1] conjectured that the maximal p-norm of the Werner--Holevo channel is multiplicative for all $1\le p \le 2$. In this paper we prove this conjecture. Our proof relies on certain convexity and monotonicity properties of the p--norm.
We study the multiplicativity of the output 2-norm for depolarized Werner-Holevo channels and show that multiplicativity holds for a product of two identical channels in this class. Moreover, it shown that the depolarized Werner-Holevo channels do not satisfy the entrywise positivity condition introduced by C. King and M.B. Ruskai, which suggests that the main result is non-trivial.
We give an elementary self-contained proof that the minimal entropy output of arbitrary products of channels $ρ\mapsto \frac{1}{d-1}(1-ρ^T)$ is additive.
Werner states have a host of interesting properties, which often serve to illuminate the unusual properties of quantum information. Starting from these states, one may define a family of quantum channels, known as the Holevo-Werner channels, which themselves afford several unusual properties. In this paper we use the teleportation covariance of these channels to upper bound their two-way assisted quantum and secret-key capacities. This bound may be expressed in terms of relative entropy distances, such as the relative entropy of entanglement, and also in terms of the squashed entanglement. Mos…
Non-Multiplicativity of the Holevo Barycenter of Quantum Channels
Universität zu Köln(科隆大学);University of Camerino(卡梅里诺大学);Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia(意大利国家核物理研究所佩鲁吉亚分部);Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(巴塞罗那自治大学)
The class of quantum states known as Werner states have several interesting properties, which often serve to illuminate unusual properties of quantum information. Closely related to these states are the Holevo-Werner channels whose Choi matrices are Werner states. Exploiting the fact that these channels are teleportation covariant, and therefore simulable by teleportation, we compute the ultimate precision in the adaptive estimation of their channel-defining parameter. Similarly, we bound the minimum error probability affecting the adaptive discrimination of any two of these channels. In this …
We realize Landau-Streater (LS) and Werner-Holevo (WH) quantum channels for qutrits on the IBM quantum computers. These channels correspond to interaction between the qutrit and its environment that result in the globally unitarily covariant qutrit transformation violating multiplicativity of the maximal $p$-norm. Our realization of LS and WH channels is based on embedding qutrit states into states of two qubits and using single-qubit and two-qubit CNOT gates to implement the specific interaction. We employ the standard quantum gates hence the developed algorithm suits any quantum computer. We…
We prove multiplicativity of maximal output $p$ norm of classical noise channels and thermal noise channels of arbitrary modes for all $p>1$ under the assumption that the input signal states are Gaussian states. As a direct consequence, we also show the additivity of the minimal output entropy and that of the energy-constrained Holevo capacity for those Gaussian channels under Gaussian inputs. To the best of our knowledge, newly discovered majorization relation on symplectic eigenvalues, which is also of independent interest, plays a central role in the proof.
The relative entropy description of Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland (HSW) classical channel capacity is applied to single qubit channels. A simple formula for the relative entropy of qubit density matrices in the Bloch sphere representation is derived. This formula is combined with the King-Ruskai-Szarek-Werner qubit channel ellipsoid picture to analyze several unital and non-unital qubit channels in detail. An alternate proof that the optimal HSW signalling states for single qubit unital channels are those states with the minimum channel output entropy is presented. The derivation is based on …
It is conjectured that the Holevo capacity of a product channel Ω\otimes Φis achieved when product states are used as input. Amosov, Holevo and Werner have also conjectured that the maximal p-norm of a product channel is achieved with product input states. In this paper we establish both of these conjectures in the case that Ωis arbitrary and Φis a CQ or QC channel (as defined by Holevo). We also establish the Amosov, Holevo and Werner conjecture when Ωis arbitrary and either Φis a qubit channel and p=2, or Φis a unital qubit channel and p is integer. Our proofs involve a new conjecture for th…
We introduce a condition for memoryless quantum channels which, when satisfied guarantees the multiplicativity of the maximal l_p-norm with p a fixed integer. By applying the condition to qubit channels, it can be shown that it is not a necessary condition, although some known results for qubits can be recovered. When applied to the Werner-Holevo channel, which is known to violate multiplicativity when p is large relative to the dimension d, the condition suggests that multiplicativity holds when $d \geqslant 2^{p-1}$. This conjecture is proved explicitly for p=2, 3, 4. Finally, a new class of…
Additivity of the Holevo capacity is proved for product channels, under the condition that one of the channels is in a certain class of unital qubit channels, with the other completely arbitrary. This qubit class includes the depolarizing channel. As a byproduct this proves that the Holevo bound is the ultimate information capacity of such qubit channels (assuming no prior entanglement between sender and receiver). Additivity of minimal entropy and multiplicativity of p-norms are also proved under the same assumptions.
There are various ways to quantify the communication capabilities of a quantum channel. In this work we study the communication value (cv) of channel, which describes the optimal success probability of transmitting a randomly selected classical message over the channel. The cv also offers a dual interpretation as the classical communication cost for zero-error channel simulation using non-signaling resources. We first provide an entropic characterization of the cv as a generalized conditional min-entropy over the cone of separable operators. Additionally, the logarithm of a channel's cv is sho…
We begin this thesis by expanding the technique of teleportation simulation, which adds noise to the entangled resource state to mimic channel effects. By introducing classical noise in the communication step, we show it is possible to simulate more than just Pauli channels using teleportation. This new class is characterised, and studied in detail for a particular resource state, leading to a family of simulable channels named "Pauli-Damping channels" whose properties are analysed. Also introduced are a new family of quantum states, "phase Werner" states, whose entanglement properties relate …
The Amosov-Holevo-Werner conjecture implies the additivity of the minimum Re'nyi entropies at the output of a channel. The conjecture is proven true for all Re'nyi entropies of integer order greater than two in a class of Gaussian bosonic channel where the input signal is randomly displaced or where it is coupled linearly to an external environment.
In a breakthrough, Hastings' showed that there exist quantum channels whose classical capacity is superadditive i.e. more classical information can be transmitted by quantum encoding strategies entangled across multiple channel uses as compared to unentangled quantum encoding strategies. Hastings' proof used Haar random unitaries to exhibit superadditivity. In this paper we show that a unitary chosen uniformly at random from an approximate $n^{2/3}$-design gives rise to a quantum channel with superadditive classical Holevo capacity, where $n$ is the dimension of the unitary exhibiting the Stin…
We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps in which the identity channel is replaced by a convex combinations of unitary conjugations. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entropy. We also show that the Holevo capacity need not equal log d - the minimal entropy as one might expect for a convex combination of unitary conjugations. Conversely, we give examples for which this conditio…
Given a linear map $Φ: M_n \rightarrow M_m$, its multiplicity maps are defined as the family of linear maps $Φ\otimes \text{id}_k : M_n \otimes M_k \rightarrow M_m \otimes M_k$, where $\text{id}_k$ denotes the identity on $M_k$. Let $\|\cdot\|_1$ denote the trace-norm on matrices, as well as the induced trace-norm on linear maps of matrices, i.e. $\|Φ\|_1 = \max\{\|Φ(X)\|_1 : X \in M_n, \|X\|_1 = 1\}$. A fact of fundamental importance in both operator algebras and quantum information is that $\|Φ\otimes \text{id}_k\|_1$ can grow with $k$. In general, the rate of growth is bounded by $\|Φ\otime…