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arXiv quant-ph/0408124quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechgr-qcmath-phmath.MP
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卡西米尔效应的几何学

Geometry of the Casimir Effect

Roger Balian, Bertrand Duplantier

摘要:

当真空被任意形状的材料边界分隔时,人们可以定义其中电磁波的零点能量和自由能:这可以在它们成为完美导体的极限下完成,而与边界的性质无关,只要它们的曲率是有限的。我们考虑的第一个例子是卡西米尔的平行板的原始配置,以及板前的球体的实验情况。对于任意的几何形状,我们给出了一个明确的表达的零点能量和自由能的积分内核作用在边界上,它可以扩展到一个收敛的系列解释为一系列的偶数散射波。真空的量子涨落和热涨落则表现为纯粹的几何性质。如此定义的卡西米尔效应的存在仅仅是由于场的电磁性质。它不存在薄箔与尖锐的褶皱,但卡西米尔力之间的固体楔是有限的。我们制定出各种应用:低温,高温下出现的扭曲约束,稳定的平面箔,转移能量从一侧的弯曲边界的其他,部队之间的遥远的导体,特殊形状(平行板,球体,圆柱体,蜂窝)。

英文摘要:

When the vacuum is partitioned by material boundaries with arbitrary shape, one can define the zero-point energy and the free energy of the electromagnetic waves in it: this can be done, independently of the nature of the boundaries, in the limit that they become perfect conductors, provided their curvature is finite. The first examples we consider are Casimir's original configuration of parallel plates, and the experimental situation of a sphere in front of a plate. For arbitrary geometries, we give an explicit expression for the zero-point energy and the free energy in terms of an integral kernel acting on the boundaries; it can be expanded in a convergent series interpreted as a succession of an even number of scatterings of a wave. The quantum and thermal fluctuations of vacuum then appear as a purely geometric property. The Casimir effect thus defined exists only owing to the electromagnetic nature of the field. It does not exist for thin foils with sharp folds, but Casimir forces between solid wedges are finite. We work out various applications: low temperature, high temperature where wrinkling constraints appear, stability of a plane foil, transfer of energy from one side of a curved boundary to the other, forces between distant conductors, special shapes (parallel plates, sphere, cylinder, honeycomb).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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