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arXiv physics/9906063physics.ins-det
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粒子探测物理

Physics of Particle Detection

C. Grupen

摘要:

本文综述了带电粒子和中性粒子相互作用的基本机制。带电粒子的电离能损失是大多数粒子探测器的基本原理,因此将更详细地描述。在各种光谱范围内产生的电磁辐射导致在闪烁,切伦科夫和过渡辐射计数器中检测带电粒子。光子是通过光电效应、康普顿散射或电子对产生来测量的,中子是通过它们的核相互作用来测量的。各种探测器方法的组合有助于识别基本粒子和原子核。在高能量下,量热计中的吸收技术提供了额外的粒子识别和精确的能量测量。

英文摘要:

In this review the basic interaction mechanisms of charged and neutral particles are presented. The ionization energy loss of charged particles is fundamental to most particle detectors and is therefore described in more detail. The production of electromagnetic radiation in various spectral ranges leads to the detection of charged particles in scintillation, Cherenkov and transition radiation counters. Photons are measured via the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering or pair production, and neutrons through their nuclear interactions. A combination of the various detector methods helps to identify elementary particles and nuclei. At high energies absorption techniques in calorimeters provide additional particle identification and an accurate energy measurement.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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