Infinite dimensional geometry of $M_1=Diff_+(S^1)/PSL(2,R)$ and $q_R$-conformal symmetries. II. Geometric quantization and hidden symmetries of Verma modules over Virasoro algebra
Some natural hidden symmetries in the Verma modules over the Virasoro algebra are constructed in terms of geometric quantization. Their differential geometric meaning is established and their expression via $q_R$-conformal symmetries in the Verma modules over the Lie algebra $sl(2,C)$ is found. The analysis and the unraveling of the algebraic structure of these families of hidden symmetries are performed.
A geometric interpretation of approximate ($HS$-projective or $TC$-projective) representations of the Witt algebra $w^C$ by $q_R$-conformal symmetries in the Verma modules $V_h$ over the Lie algebra $sl(2,C)$ is established and some their characteristics are calculated. It is shown that the generators of representations coincide with the Nomizu operators of holomorphic $w^C$-invariant hermitean connections in the deformed holomorphic tangent bundles $T_h(M_1)$ over the infinite-dimensional Kähler manifold $M_1=\Diff_+(S^1)/PSL(2,R)$, whereas the deviations $A_{XY}$ of the approximate represent…
Given a weight of $sl(n,\mbb{C})$, we derive a system of variable-coefficient second-order linear partial differential equations that determines the singular vectors in the corresponding Verma module, and a differential-operator representation of the symmetric group $S_n$ on the related space of truncated power series. We prove that the solution space of the system of partial differential equations is exactly spanned by $\{\sgm(1)\mid \sgm\in S_n\}$. Moreover, the singular vectors of $sl(n,\mbb{C})$ in the Verma module are given by those $\sgm(1)$ that are polynomials. The well-known results o…
Computing the extensions between Verma modules is in general a very difficult problem. Using Soergel bimodules, one can construct a graded version of the principal block of Category $\mathcal{O}$ for any finite coxeter group. In this setting, we compute the extensions between Verma modules for dihedral groups.
We consider a general parabolic category $\mathcal{O}_{S}$ over symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebras. We introduce a reduction rule of hom-spaces between parabolic Verma modules over different Kac-Moody algebras which yield some applications on parabolic Verma module homomorphisms.
The present paper contains two interrelated developments. First, are proposed new generalized Verma modules. They are called k-Verma modules, k\in N, and coincide with the usual Verma modules for k=1. As a vector space a k-Verma module is isomorphic to the symmetric tensor product of k copies of the universal enveloping algebra U(g^-), where g^- is the subalgebra of lowering generators in the standard triangular decomposition of a simple Lie algebra g = g^+ \oplus h \oplus g^- . The second development is the proposal of a procedure for the construction of multilinear intertwining differential …
In this paper we close the cases that were left open in our earlier works on the study of conformally invariant systems of second-order differential operators for degenerate principal series. More precisely, for these cases, we find the special values of the systems of differential operators, and determine the standardness of the homomorphisms between the generalized Verma modules, that come from the conformally invariant systems.
It is shown by Barchini, Kable, and Zierau that conformally invariant systems of differential operators yield explicit homomorphisms between certain generalized Verma modules. In this paper we determine whether or not the homomorphisms arising from such systems of first and second order differential operators associated to maximal parabolic subalgebras of quasi-Heisenberg type are standard.
With this paper we start the study of reducible representations of the Jacobi algebra with the ultimate goal of constructing differential operators invariant w.r.t. the Jacobi algebra. In this first paper we show examples of the low level singular vectors of Verma modules over the Jacobi algebra. According to our methodology these will produce the invariant differential operators.
In the present paper we continue the project of systematic classification and construction of invariant differential operators for non-compact semisimple Lie groups. This time we make the stress on one of the main building blocks, namely the Verma modules and the corresponding parabolic subalgebras. In particular, we start the study of the relation between the parabolic subalgebras of real semisimple Lie algebras and of their complexification. Two cases are given in more detail: the conformal algebra of 4D Minkowski space-time and the minimal parabolics of classical real semisimple Lie algebra…
Imaginary Verma modules, parabolic imaginary Verma modules, and Verma modules at level zero for double affine Lie algebras are constructed using three different triangular decompositions. Their relations are investigated, and several results are generalized from the affine Lie algebras. In particular, imaginary highest weight modules, integrable modules, and irreducibility criterion are also studied.
Xu introduced a system of partial differential equations to investigate singular vectors in the Verma modules of highest weight $λ$ over $\mathfrak{sl}(n,\mathbb{C})$. He proved that the solution space of this system in the space of truncated power series is spanned by $\{σ(1)\ |\ σ\in S_n\}$. We present an explicit formula of the solution $s_α(1)$ for every positive root $α$ and showed directly that $s_α(1)$ is a polynomial if and only if $\langleλ+ρ,α\rangle$ is a nonnegative integer. From this, we can recover a formula of singular vectors given by Malikov et al.
In the present paper we continue the project of systematic construction of invariant differential operators on the example of the non-compact algebra $G_{2(2)}$ which is split real form of $G_2$. We give the classification of reducible Verma modules $G_2$. We give also the singular vectors between these modules, thus setting the stage for construction of the invariant differential operators over $G_{2(2)}$.
Symplectic reflection algebras arise in many different mathematical disciplines: integrable systems, Lie theory, representation theory, differential operators, symplectic geometry. In this paper, we introduce baby Verma modules for symplectic reflection algebras of complex reflection groups at parameter t=0 (the so--called rational Cherednik algebras at parameter t=0) and present their most basic properties. By analogy with the representation theory of reductive Lie algebras in positive characteristic, we believe these modules are fundamental to the understanding of the representation theory a…
Lowest weight representations of the ${\mathbb Z}_2 \otimes {\mathbb Z}_2$ graded superalgebra introduced by Rittenberg and Wyler are investigated. We give a explicit construction of Verma modules over the ${\mathbb Z}_2 \otimes {\mathbb Z}_2$ graded superalgebra and show their reducibility by using singular vectors. The explicit formula of singular vectors are given and are used to derive partial differential equations invariant under the color supergroup generated by the ${\mathbb Z}_2 \otimes {\mathbb Z}_2$ graded superalgebra.
Given a weight of sl(n), we derive a system of variable-coefficient second-order linear partial differential equations that determines the singular vectors in the corresponding Verma module. Moreover, we completely solve the system in a certain space of power series. The polynomial solutions correspond to the singular vectors in the Verma module. The well-known results of Verma, Bernstein-Gel'fand-Gel'fand and Jantzen for the case of $sl(n)$ are naturally included in our almost elementary approach of partial differential equations.
Given a suitable ordering of the positive root system associated with a semisimple Lie algebra, there exists a natural correspondence between Verma modules and related polynomial algebras. With this, the Lie algebra action on a Verma module can be interpreted as a differential operator action on polynomials, and thus on the corresponding truncated formal power series. We prove that the space of truncated formal power series is a differential-operator representation of the Weyl group $W$. We also introduce a system of partial differential equations to investigate singular vectors in the Verma m…
We initiate a new study of differential operators with symmetries and combine this with the study of branching laws for Verma modules of reductive Lie algebras. By the criterion for discretely decomposable and multiplicity-free restrictions of generalized Verma modules [T. Kobayashi, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00031-012-9180-y {Transf. Groups (2012)}], we are brought to natural settings of parabolic geometries for which there exist unique equivariant differential operators to submanifolds. Then we apply a new method (F-method) relying on the Fourier transform to find singular vectors in genera…
Let $\mathcal{O}_{25}$ be the vertex algebraic braided tensor category of finite-length modules for the Virasoro Lie algebra at central charge $25$ whose composition factors are the irreducible quotients of reducible Verma modules. We show that $\mathcal{O}_{25}$ is rigid and that its simple objects generate a semisimple tensor subcategory that is braided tensor equivalent to an abelian $3$-cocycle twist of the category of finite-dimensional $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-modules. We also show that this $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-type subcategory is braid-reversed tensor equivalent to a similar category for the Vir…
In the present article, we combine some techniques in the harmonic analysis together with the geometric approach given by modules over sheaves of rings of twisted differential operators ($\mathcal{D}$-modules), and reformulate the composition series and branching problems for objects in the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand parabolic category $\mathcal{O}^\mathfrak{p}$ geometrically realized on certain orbits in the generalized flag manifolds. The general framework is then applied to the scalar generalized Verma modules supported on the closed Schubert cell of the generalized flag manifold $G/P$ for $…
The Kac determinant for the Topological N=2 superconformal algebra is presented as well as a detailed analysis of the singular vectors detected by the roots of the determinants. In addition we identify the standard Verma modules containing `no-label' singular vectors (which are not detected directly by the roots of the determinants). We show that in standard Verma modules there are (at least) four different types of submodules, regarding size and shape. We also review the chiral determinant formula, for chiral Verma modules, adding new insights. Finally we transfer the results obtained to the …
Let g be a complex reductive Lie algebra and U(g) the universal enveloping algebra of g. Associated to a faithful irreducible finite dimensional representation of g, a square matrix F with entries in U(g) naturally arises and if we consider the entries of F are elements in End(M) of a given U(g)-module M, the minimal polynomial of F is defined as the usual one for an associative algebra over the complex field. Suppose M is a generalized Verma module induced from a character of a parabolic subalgebra of g. In this paper a polynomial q(x) with the parameter of the character is constructed, which…
We present a complete classification and the construction of $\mathrm{Mp}(2n+2,\mathbb{R})$-equivariant differential operators acting on the principal series representations, associated to the contact projective geometry on $\mathbb{RP}^{2n+1}$ and induced from the irreducible $\mathrm{Mp}(2n,\mathbb{R})$-submodules of the Segal-Shale-Weil representation twisted by a one-parameter family of characters. The proof is based on the classification of homomorphisms of generalized Verma modules for the Segal-Shale-Weil representation twisted by a one-parameter family of characters, together with a ge…
We study irreducible representations for the Lie algebra of vector fields on a 2-dimensional torus constructed using the generalized Verma modules. We show that for a certain choice of parameters these representations remain irreducible when restricted to a loop subalgebra in the Lie algebra of vector fields. We prove this result by studying vertex algebras associated with the Lie algebra of vector fields on a torus and solving non-commutative differential equations that we derive using the vertex algebra technique.
We classify and explicitly describe homomorphisms of Verma modules for conformal Galilei algebras $\mathfrak{cga}_\ell(d,{\mathbb C})$ with $d=1$ for any integer value $\ell \in \mathbb{N}$. The homomorphisms are uniquely determined by singular vectors as solutions of certain differential operators of flag type, and identified with specific polynomials arising as coefficients in the expansion of a parametric family of symmetric polynomials into power sum symmetric polynomials.
We consider $U_{q}(\mathfrak{gl}_{n})$, the quantum group of type $A$ for $|q| = 1$, $q$ generic. We provide formulas for signature characters of irreducible finite-dimensional highest weight modules and Verma modules. In both cases, the technique involves combinatorics of the Gelfand-Tsetlin bases. As an application, we obtain information about unitarity of finite-dimensional irreducible representations for arbitrary $q$: we classify the continuous spectrum of the unitarity locus. We also recover some known results in the classical limit $q \rightarrow 1$ that were obtained by different means…
We present the list of irreducible (generalized) highest weight modules over the Virasoro algebra and N=1 super-Virasoro algebras obtained as factor-modules of (generalized) Verma modules. We present also the character formulae of all these modules and single out the unitary irreducible ones. Most formulas are valid for the three algebras under consideration, the different cases being distinguished by two parameters. This is a slightly extended version of an Encyclopedia entry.
