Jacek Graczyk, Grzegorz Swiatek, Folkert Tangerman, J. J. P. Veerman
Circle maps with a flat spot are studied which are differentiable, even on the boundary of the flat spot. Estimates on the Lebesgue measure and the Hausdorff dimension of the non-wandering set are obtained. Also, a sharp transition is found from degenerate geometry similar to what was found earlier for non-differentiable maps with a flat spot to bounded geometry as in critical maps without a flat spot.
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We discuss dynamics of skew product maps defined by circle diffeomorphisms forced by expanding circle maps. We construct an open class of such systems that are robust topologically mixing and for which almost all points in the same fiber converge under iteration. This property follows from the construction of an invariant attracting graph in the natural extension, a skew product of circle diffeomorphisms forced by a solenoid homeomorphism.
We develop a renormalization theory for analytic homeomorphisms of the circle with two cubic critical points. We prove a renormalization hyperbolicity theorem. As a basis for the proofs, we develop complex a priori bounds for multi-critical circle maps.
In this paper we will study families of circle maps of the form $x\mapsto x+2πr + a f(x) \pmod{2π}$ and investigate how many periodic trajectories maps from this family can have for a "typical" function $f$ provided the parameter $a$ is small.
In this paper we generalize renormalization theory for analytic critical circle maps with a cubic critical point to the case of maps with an arbitrary odd critical exponent by proving a quasiconformal rigidity statement for renormalizations of such maps.
C1-genericity of unbounded distortion for ergodic conservative expanding circle maps
本文证明了在圆的遍历Lebesgue保测C1扩张映射空间中，无界扭曲具有C1-通有性。
We study the renormalization operator of circle homeomorphisms with a break point and show that it possesses a hyperbolic horseshoe attractor.
We use the methods developed with M. Lyubich for proving complex bounds for real quadratics to extend E. De Faria's complex a priori bounds to all critical circle maps with an irrational rotation number. The contracting property for renormalizations of critical circle maps follows. In the Appendix we give an application of the complex bounds for proving local connectivity of some Julia sets.
Hyperbolicity of Renormalization for bi-cubic circle maps with bounded combinatorics
本文为具有有界组合的双三次圆映射构造了带有余维二稳定叶层的重正化双曲吸引子。
In this paper we show that generic continuous Lebesgue measure preserving circle maps have the s-limit shadowing property. In addition we obtain that s-limit shadowing is a generic property also for continuous circle maps. In particular, this implies that classical shadowing, periodic shadowing and limit shadowing are generic in these two settings as well.
In this paper, we give a family of rational maps whose Julia sets are Cantor circles and show that every rational map whose Julia set is a Cantor set of circles must be topologically conjugate to one map in this family on their corresponding Julia sets. In particular, we give the specific expressions of some rational maps whose Julia sets are Cantor circles, but they are not topologically conjugate to any McMullen maps on their Julia sets. Moreover, some non-hyperbolic rational maps whose Julia sets are Cantor circles are also constructed.
Takens constructed a residual subset of the state space consisting of initial points with historic behaviour for expanding maps on the circle. We prove that this statistical property of expanding maps on the circle is preserved under small random perturbations. The proof is given by establishing a random Markov partition, which follows from a random version of Shub's Theorem on topological conjugacy with the folding maps.
We construct a renormalization operator which acts on analytic circle maps whose critical exponent $α$ is not necessarily an odd integer $2n+1$, $n\in\mathbb N$. When $α=2n+1$, our definition generalizes cylinder renormalization of analytic critical circle maps. In the case when $α$ is close to an odd integer, we prove hyperbolicity of renormalization for maps of bounded type. We use it to prove universality and $C^{1+α}$-rigidity for such maps.
We prove that any two $C^4$ critical circle maps with the same irrational rotation number and the same odd criticality are conjugate to each other by a $C^1$ circle diffeomorphism. The conjugacy is $C^{1+α}$ for Lebesgue almost every rotation number.
We prove that any two $C^3$ critical circle maps with the same irrational rotation number of bounded type and the same odd criticality are conjugate to each other by a $C^{1+α}$ circle diffeomorphism, for some universal $α>0$.
It is shown that if $f$ and $g$ are any two analytic critical circle mappings with the same irrational rotation number, then the conjugacy that maps the critical point of $f$ to that of $g$ has regularity $C^{1+α}$ at the critical point, with a universal value of $α>0$. As a consequence, a new proof of the hyperbolicity of the full renormalization horseshoe of critical circle maps is given.
Polynomial entropy of induced maps of circle and interval homeomorphisms
本文计算了具有有限多个非游荡点的区间或圆周同胚在超空间上诱导映射的多项式熵。
We prove that there exists a dense set of analytic expanding maps of the circle for which the Ruelle eigenvalues enjoy exponential lower bounds. The proof combines potential theoretic techniques and explicit calculations for the spectrum of expanding Blaschke products.
We prove that if two analytic multicritical circle maps with the same bounded type rotation number are topologically conjugate by a conjugacy which matches the critical points of the two maps while preserving the orders of their criticalities, then the conjugacy necessarily has $C^{1+α}$ regularity, where $α$ depends only on the bound on the type of the rotation number. We then extend this rigidity result to $C^3$-smooth bi-cubic circle maps.
We consider some smooth maps on a bouquet of circles. For these maps we can compute the number of fixed points, the existence of periodic points and an exact formula for topological entropy. We use Lefschetz fixed point theory and actions of our maps on both the fundamental group and the first homology group.
We prove that a Viana map with an arbitrarily non-constant real analytic coupling function admits two positive Lyapunov exponents almost everywhere.
We estimate harmonic scalings in the parameter space of a one-parameter family of critical circle maps. These estimates lead to the conclusion that the Hausdorff dimension of the complement of the frequency-locking set is less than $1$ but not less than $1/3$. Moreover, the rotation number is a Hölder continuous function of the parameter.
Renormalization of circle maps and smoothness of Arnold tongues
本文研究重整化算子在包含三次临界圆周映射与圆周微分同胚的 Banach 流形上的全局行为，并据此证明了无理 Arnold 舌的光滑性。
We construct a real-analytic circle map for which the corresponding Perron-Frobenius operator has a real-analytic eigenfunction with an eigenvalue outside the essential spectral radius when acting upon $C^1$-functions.
Complex a priori bounds for multicritical circle maps with bounded type rotation number
本文研究了具有多个临界点和有界型旋转数的圆同胚，证明了其复先验界，并得出具有相同有界型旋转数的双三次圆映射具有 $C^{1+α}$ 刚性的结论。
$C^1$ Robust Rigidity for Bi-critical Circle Maps
该研究针对双临界圆周映射的刚性问题，证明满足符号相同、重正化在$C^2$拓扑下指数共同收敛的拓扑共轭双临界圆周映射具有$C^1$共轭性，推进了一维动力系统刚性理论研究。
On the Hausdorff dimension of invariant measures for multicritical circle maps
本文为无周期点的$C^3$多临界圆映射的唯一不变测度提供了仅依赖旋转数算术性质的Hausdorff维数显式界。
Modifying Hall's idea in "A C^{\infty} Denjoy counterexample" we construct an example of homeomorphism of the circle which is a Denjoy counterexample (i.e. it is not conjugated to a rotation) and which is a C^{\infty}-diffeomorphism everywhere except in a flat half-critical point.
We demonstrate the existence of a global attractor A with a Cantor set structure for the renormalization of critical circle mappings. The set A is invariant under a generalized renormalization transformation, whose action on A is conjugate to the two-sided shift.
Linear Response for Intermittent Circle Maps
本文通过锥技术研究间歇性圆映射的SRB测度弱微分性，证明线性响应并展示其统计稳定性。
In this article, we show that R.H. Bing's pseudo-circle admits a minimal non-invertible map. This resolves a problem raised by Bruin, Kolyada and Snoha in the negative. The main tool is the Denjoy-Rees technique, further developed by Béguin-Crovisier-Le Roux, combined with detailed study into the structure of the pseudo-circle.
We show that limits for the critical exponent tending to \infty exist in both critical circle homeomorphisms of golden mean rotation number and Fibonacci circle coverings. Moreover, they are the same. The limit map is not analytic at the critical point, which is flat, but has non-trivial complex dynamics.
We study $C^{2}$ weakly order preserving circle maps with a flat interval. The main result of the paper is about a sharp transition from degenerate geometry to bounded geometry depending on the degree of the singularities at the boundary of the flat interval. We prove that the non-wandering set has zero Hausdorff dimension in the case of degenerate geometry and it has Hausdorff dimension strictly greater than zero in the case of bounded geometry. Our results about circle maps allow to establish a sharp phase transition in the dynamics of Cherry flows.
We study circle extensions of analytic Anosov maps on the two torus: these are examples of partially hyperbolic maps for which the qualitative ergodic theory is well understood. In this paper we investigate rates of mixing (for the SRB measure) and prove explicit lower bounds involving the topological pressure of two times the unstable Jacobian. In particular we study the case when the extension function ("roof function") is given by a random trigonometric polynomial.
On Non-KAM Invariant Circles for Area-Preserving Twist Maps
本文研究保面积扭转映射中超出KAM理论适用范围的不变圆，结合构造与非构造技术证明其存在性与破裂，为Mather 1998年两个开放问题提供新证据。
We define the Farey web --- a collection of loci in the parameter plane of families of simple non-invertible maps of the circle. We prove some results about the arrangement of these loci and their relationships with other dynamically significant features of the parameter plane. The results enable us to provide short proofs for a number of theorems about the organization of frequency-locking.
For a circle map $f\colon\mathbb{S}\to\mathbb{S}$ with zero topological entropy, we show that a non-diagonal pair $\langle x,y\rangle\in \mathbb{S}\times \mathbb{S}$ is non-separable if and only if it is an IN-pair if and only if it is an IT-pair. We also show that if a circle map is topological null then the maximal pattern entropy of every open cover is of polynomial order.
We study random circle maps that are expanding on the average. Uniform bounds on neither expansion nor distortion are required. We construct a coupling scheme, which leads to exponential convergence of measures (memory loss) and exponential mixing. Leveraging from the structure of the associated correlation estimates, we prove an almost sure invariance principle for vector-valued observables. The motivation for our paper is to explore these methods in a nonuniform random setting.
In order to adapt to the differentiable setting a formula for linear response proved by Pollicott and Vytnova in the analytic setting, we show a result of regularity of dynamical determinants of expanding maps of the circle. The main tool is the decomposition of a transfer operator as a sum of a nuclear part and a "small" bounded part.
A general ansatz in Renormalization Theory, already established in many important situations, states that exponential convergence of renormalization orbits implies that topological conjugacies are actually smooth (when restricted to the attractors of the original systems). In this paper we establish this principle for a large class of bicritical circle maps, which are $C^3$ circle homeomorphisms with irrational rotation number and exactly two (non-flat) critical points. The proof presented here is an adaptation, to the bicritical setting, of the one given by de Faria and de Melo for the case o…
We study circle maps with a flat interval where the critical exponents at the two boundary points of the flat spot might be different. The space of such systems is partitioned in two connected parts whose common boundary only depends on the critical exponents. At this boundary there is a phase transition in the geometry of the system. Differently from the previous approaches, this is achieved by studying the asymptotical behavior of the renormalization operator.
We show that a generic quasiperiodically forced circle homeomorphism is mode-locked: the rotation number in the fibres is rationally related to the rotation number in the base and it is stable under small perturbations of the system. As a consequence, this implies that for a generic parameter family of quasiperiodically forced circle homeomorphisms satisfying a twist condition, the graph of the rotation number as a function of the parameter is a devil's staircase.
Piecewise linear circle maps and conjugation to rigid rational rotations
本文研究分段线性圆周同胚与有理旋转数刚性旋转的共轭准则，通过两类映射验证结论，揭示其与无理旋转数情形的对应性及自然映射族中无模锁定的线性标度特性。
Normal distribution of Lyapunov exponents of periodic orbits for expanding circle maps
研究显示，扩张圆映射中周期点的Lyapunov指数分布近似正态，误差随周期增长而减小，验证了中心极限定理在有限周期轨道中的应用。
In this short and elementary note, we study some ergodic optimization problems for circle expanding maps. We first make an observation that if a function is not far from being convex, then its calibrated sub-actions are closer to convex functions in certain effective way. As an application of this simple observation, for circle doubling map, we generalize a result of Bousch saying that translations of the cosine function are uniquely optimized by Sturmian measures. Our argument follows the mainline of Bousch's original proof, while the technical part is simplified by the observation mentioned …
This paper is concerned about the orbit equivalence types of $C^\infty$ diffeomorphisms of $S^1$ seen as nonsingular automorphisms of $(S^1,m)$, where $m$ is the Lebesgue measure. Given any Liouville number $α$, it is shown that each of the subspace formed by type ${\rm II}_1$, ${\rm II}_\infty$, ${\rm III}_λ$ ($λ>1$), ${\rm III}_\infty$ and ${\rm III}_0$ diffeomorphisms are $C^\infty$-dense in the space of the orientation preserving $C^\infty$ diffeomorphisms with rotation number $α$.
Negative Lyapunov exponent of circle maps forced by expanding circle endomorphisms
本文研究受扩张圆周自同态强迫的斜积圆周映射，构造 $C^1$ 开集证明纤维 Lyapunov 指数几乎处处为负，并给出依赖于映射选择性特征的一致上界，从而得到局部同步。
We consider a smooth two-parameter family $f_{a,L}\colonθ\mapsto θ+a+LΦ(θ)$ of circle maps with a finite number of critical points. For sufficiently large $L$ we construct a set $A_L^{(\infty)}$ of $a$-values of positive Lebesgue measure for which the corresponding $f_{a,L}$ exhibits an exponential growth of derivatives along the orbits of the critical points. Our construction considerably improves the previous one of Wang and Young for the same class of families, in that the following asymptotic estimate holds: the Lebesgue measure of $A_L^{(\infty)}$ tends to full measure in $a$-space as $L$…
Destruction of invariant circles for Gevrey area-preserving twist maps
该研究证明可积生成函数在 C^r 拓扑下的任意小 Gevrey-α 扰动可破坏精确保面积扭转映射中给定旋转数的不变圆。
On the existence of invariant absolutely continuous probability measures for $C^1$ expanding maps of the circle
本文针对圆周 $C^1$ 一致扩张映射，构造了具有指定最优连续模及绝对连续不变概率测度或保持 Lebesgue 测度的不可数多例，并证明其中许多映射具有无界畸变。
$C^1$-Diffeomorphism Class of some Circle Maps with a Flat Interval
研究平坦段边界奇点次数不同的圆周映射类，证明其拓扑共轭若为双Lipschitz同胚则必为$C^1$微分同胚，从而两类等价。
Authomorphic measures with negative exponents for multicritical circle maps
本文将多临界圆映射自守$s$-测度的存在唯一性结果从$s>0$拓展至负指数情形，并应用该结论证明了多临界映射族中无理Arnold舌的光滑性结果。
We study the phenomenon of mode-locking in the context of quasiperiodically forced non-linear circle maps. As a main result, we show that under certain C1-open condition on the geometry of twist parameter families of such systems, the closure of the union of modelocking plateaus has positive measure. In particular, this implies the existence of infinitely many mode-locking plateaus (open Arnold tongues). The proof builds on multiscale analysis and parameter exclusion methods in the spirit of Benedicks and Carleson, which were previously developed for quasiperiodic SL(2,R)-cocycles by Young and…
It is well-known that every multicritical circle map without periodic orbits admits a unique invariant Borel probability measure which is purely singular with respect to Lebesgue measure. Can such a map leave invariant an infinite, $σ$-finite invariant measure which is absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure? In this paper, using an old criterion due to Katznelson, we show that the answer to this question is no.
Circle maps frequently arise in mathematical models of physical or biological systems. Motivated by Cherry flows and `threshold' systems such as integrate and fire neuronal models, models of cardiac arrhythmias, and models of sleep/wake regulation, we consider how structural transitions in circle maps occur. In particular we describe how maps evolve near the creation of a discontinuity. We show that the natural way to create discontinuities in the maps associated with both threshold systems and Cherry flows results in a square root singularity in the map as the discontinuity is approached from…
We consider a smooth expanding map g on the circle of degree 2. It is known that the Lyapunov exponent of g with respect to the unique invariant measure that is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure is positive and less than or equal to log 2 which, in addition, is less than or equal to the Lyapunov exponent of g with respect to the measure of maximal entropy. Moreover, the equalities only occur simultaneously. We show that these are the only restrictions on the Lyapunov exponents considered above for smooth expanding maps of degree 2.
We consider order preserving $C^3$ circle maps with a flat piece, Fibonacci rotation number, critical exponents $(\ell_1, \ell_2)$ and negative shwarzian derivative. This paper treat the geometry characteristic of the non-wondering (cantor (fractal)) set from a map of our class. We prove that, for $(\ell_1, \ell_2)$ in $(1,2)^2$, the geometry of system is degenerate (double exponentially fast). As consequences, the renormalization diverges and the geometric (rigidity) class depends on the three couples $(c_u(f), c'_u(f) )$, $( c_+(f), c'_+(f))$ and $(c_s(f), c'_s(f) )$.\vspace{0.5cm}
We describe the relation between the dynamical properties of a quasiperiodically forced orientation-preserving circle homeomorphism and the behavior of the fibered rotation number with respect to strictly monotone perturbations. Despite the fact that the dynamics in the forced case can be considerably more complicated, the result we obtain is in perfect analogy with the one-dimensional situation. In particular, the fibered rotation number behaves strictly monotonically whenever the rotation vector is irrational. This answers a question posed by Herman (1983, Comm. Math. Helv.).
In this article we present an efficient algorithm to compute rotation intervals of circle maps of degree one. It is based on the computation of the rotation number of a monotone circle map of degree one with a constant section. The main strength of this algorithm is that it computes \emph{exactly} the rotation interval of a natural subclass of the continuous non-invertible degree one circle maps. We also compare our algorithm with other existing ones by plotting the Devil's Staircase of a one-parameter family of maps and the Arnold Tongues and rotation intervals of some special non-differentia…
We numerically study quasiperiodic normally hyperbolic attracting invariant circles that appear for certain parameter values in a family of three-dimensional Henon-like maps. These parameter values make up contour segments in the parameter space where the invariant circles have constant irrational rotation number. At the edges of these segments we find a breakdown of the hyperbolicity of the invariant circle. We observe the collision and loss of smoothness of two of the invariant Lyapunov bundles while the Lyapunov exponents all remain distinct. This is very similar to the breakdown of quasipe…
Loewner evolution of hedgehogs and 2-conformal measures of circle maps
研究全纯微分同胚芽在无理不动点处的Siegel紧集族对应的圆映射半群，证明其无穷小生成元由Loewner方程给出，且驱动测度为2-共形测度。
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