Tolga Etgü
As an application of the construction of open books on plumbed 3-manifolds, we construct elliptic open books on torus bundles over the circle. In certain cases these open books are compatible with Stein fillable contact structures and have minimal genus.
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Given two open books with equal pages we show the existence of an exact symplectic cobordism whose negative end equals the disjoint union of the contact manifolds associated to the given open books, and whose positive end induces the contact manifold associated to the open book with the same page and concatenated monodromy. Using similar methods we show the existence of strong fillings for contact manifolds associated with doubled open books, a certain class of fiber bundles over the circle obtained by performing the binding sum of two open books with equal pages and inverse monodromies. From …
In this paper we give an algebraic description of fundamental groups of orbits of circle-valued smooth functions from some subspace of the space of smooth functions with isolated singularities on $2$-torus $T^2$ with respect to the action of the group of diffeomorphisms of $T^2$.
Classification of torus bundles that bound rational homology circles
本文完全分类了界定具有圆的有理同调的4-流形的圆上环面丛，并探讨了链环整数手术及3-辫闭合双重分支覆盖与有理同调球的联系。
We prove the existence of essential loops in the space of contact structures on torus bundles over the circle.
On symplectic fillings of spinal open book decompositions II: Holomorphic curves and classification
本文证明当接触3流形具有平面页的统一脊柱开书分解时，其(弱、强和/或精确)辛和Stein填充可由Lefschetz纤维化的微分同胚类分类。进一步结果包括新的ECH接触不变量和SFT中代数扭力消失准则，非定向圈 bundles的填充分类，以及关于四维实数中Stein结构变形类的
We find the exact values of complexity for an infinite series of 3-manifolds. Namely, by calculating hyperbolic volumes, we show that c(N_n)=2n, where $c$ is the complexity of a 3-manifold and N_n is the total space of the punctured torus bundle over S^1 with monodromy 2&1 1&1 ^n$. We also apply a recent result of Matveev and Pervova to show that c(M_n) \ge 2Cn with C\approx 0.598, where a compact manifold M_n is the total space of the torus bundle over S^1 with the same monodromy as N_n, and discuss an approach to the conjecture c(M_n)=2n+5 based on the equality c(N_n)=2n.
In this note we study the contact geometry of symplectic divisors. We show the contact structure induced on the boundary of a divisor neighborhood is invariant under toric and interior blow-ups and blow-downs. We also construct an open book decomposition on the boundary of a concave divisor neighborhood and apply it to the study of universally tight contact structures of contact torus bundles.
We compute the Heegaard Floer homology of any rational homology 3-sphere with an open book decomposition of the form (T,ϕ), where T is a genus one surface with one boundary component. In addition, we compute the Heegaard Floer homology of any T^2-bundle over S^1 with first Betti number equal to one, and we compare our results with those of Lebow on the embedded contact homology of such torus bundles. We use these computations to place restrictions on Stein-filllings of the contact structures compatible with such open books, to narrow down somewhat the class of 3-braid knots with finite concord…
The notion of a (stably) decomposable fiber bundle is introduced. In low dimensions, for torus fiber bundles over a circle the notion translates into a property of elements of the special linear group of integral matrices. We give a complete characterization of the stably decomposable torus fiber bundle of fiber-dimension less than 4 over the circle.
A book embedding of a complete graph is a spatial embedding whose planar projection has the vertices located along a circle, consecutive vertices are connected by arcs of the circle, and the projections of the remaining "interior" edges in the graph are straight line segments between the points on the circle representing the appropriate vertices. A random embedding of a complete graph can be generated by randomly assigning relative heights to these interior edges. We study a family of two-component links that arise as the realizations of pairs of disjoint cycles in these random embeddings of g…
We study weak versus strong symplectic fillability of some tight contact structures on torus bundles over the circle. In particular, we prove that almost all of these tight contact structures are weakly, but not strongly symplectically fillable. For the 3-torus this theorem was established by Eliashberg.
Free torus actions and twisted suspensions
本文将两流形连通和上的主圆丛全空间表示为各加项上的圆丛全空间，以此为球面乘积连通和上的自由圆与环面作用提供存在充分条件，并对具自由余齐次四环面作用的闭单连通流形进行拓扑分类，推得无限多具正 Ricci 曲率与等距环面作用的流形。
Spinal open books and symplectic fillings with exotic fibers
本文推广了Wendl的结果，证明平面脊柱开卷分解支撑的接触3-流形的最小辛填充形变等价于带边Lefschetz纤维化中正多截面的补集，并利用新定义的脊柱映射类群完成抛物环面丛的强填充分类。
$\mathbb{Z}_2$-Thurston norm in Sol manifolds and embeddability of non-orientable surfaces
本文研究Sol流形中Z₂-Thurston规范的计算方法，并确定非定向闭曲面在其中的可嵌入性条件。
We define symplectic fractional twists, which generalize Dehn twists, and use these in open books to investigate contact structures. The resulting contact structures are invariant under a circle action, and share several similarities with the invariant contact structures that were studied by Lutz and Giroux. We show that left-handed fractional twists often give rise to non-fillable contact manifolds. These manifolds are in fact "algebraically overtwisted", yet they do not seem to contain bLobs, nor are they directly related to negative stabilizations. We also show that the Weinstein conjecture…
A $g$-tuple of disjoint, linearly independent circles in a Riemann surface of genus $g$ determines a `Heegaard torus' in its $g$-fold symmetric product. Changing the circles by a handleslide produces a new torus. It is proved that, for symplectic forms with certain properties, these two tori are Hamiltonian-isotopic Lagrangian submanifolds. This provides an alternative route to the handleslide-invariance of Ozsvath-Szabo's Heegaard Floer homology.
If M is a hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundle over the circle, then the trace field of M has no real places.
Characterizing $3$-dimensional manifolds represented as connected sums of Lens spaces, $S^2 \times S^1$, and torus bundles over the circle by certain Morse-Bott functions
本文用特定 Morse-Bott 函数刻画表示为 Lens 空间、$S^2 \ imes S^1$ 和环面在圆上的丛的连通和的 $3$ 维流形，强化并明确了 Saeki 2006 年的相关结果。
Given a matrix $A\in SL(N,\Z)$, form the semidirect product $G=\Z^N\rtimes_A \Z$ where the $\Z$ factor acts on $\Z^N$ by $A$. Such a $G$ arises naturally as the fundamental group of an $N$-dimensional torus bundle which fibers over the circle. In this paper we prove that if $A$ has distinct eigenvalues not lying on the unit circle, then there exists a finite index subgroup $H\leq G$ possessing rational growth series for some generating set. In contrast, we show that if $A$ has at least one eigenvalue not lying on the unit circle, then $G$ is not almost convex for any generating set.
A two-dimensional open book (S,h) determines a closed, oriented three-manifold Y(S,h) and a contact structure C(S,h) on Y(S,h). The contact structure C(S,h) is Stein fillable if h is positive, i.e. h can be written as a product of right-handed Dehn twists. Work of Wendl implies that when S has genus zero the converse statement holds, that is if C(S,h) is Stein fillable then h is positive. On the other hand, results by Wand and by Baker, Etnyre and Van Horn-Morris imply the existence of counterexamples to the converse statement with S of arbitrary genus strictly greater than one. The main purpo…
In this paper, we study strong symplectic fillability and Stein fillability of some tight contact structures on negative parabolic and negative hyperbolic torus bundles over the circle. For the universally tight contact structure with twisting $π$ in $S^1$-direction on a negative parabolic torus bundle, we completely determine its strong symplectic fillability and Stein fillability. For the universally tight contact structure with twisting $π$ in $S^1$-direction on a negative hyperbolic torus bundle, we give a necessary condition for it being strongly symplectically fillable. For the virtually…
This is a book aimed at graduate students and researchers in symplectic geometry, based on a course I taught in 2019. The primary message is that the base of a Lagrangian torus fibration inherits an integral affine structure, which you can use to "read off" a lot of interesting geometry of the total space. Topics covered include: action-angle coordinates, symplectic reduction, toric manifolds, visible and tropical Lagrangians, almost toric systems, Milnor fibres of cyclic quotient singularities, mutation of polygons, non-toric blow-up, an almost toric view on Lisca's classification of fillings…
Trisecting a 4-dimensional book into three chapters
本文提出了一种算法，用于将四维流形的开放书分解转换为三等分图，并展示了其在拓扑构造中的应用和推广作用。
Given a torus bundle $Y$ over the circle and a cohomology class $[ω]\in H^2(Y;\mathbb{Z})$ which evaluates nontrivially on the fiber, we compute the Heegaard Floer homology of $Y$ with twisted coefficients in the universal Novikov ring.
Let M be a hyperbolic manifold of finite volume which fibers over the circle with fiber a once punctured torus, and let S be an arbitrary incompressible surface in M. We determine the characteristic JSJ-subpair of M-S and show, in particular, that the guts of (M,S) is empty.
The fixed-point index of a homeomorphism of Jordan curves measures the number of fixed-points, with multiplicity, of the extension of the homeomorphism to the full Jordan domains in question. The now-classical Circle Index Lemma says that the fixed-point index of a positive-orientation-preserving homeomorphism of round circles is always non-negative. We begin by proving a generalization of this lemma, to accommodate Jordan curves bounding domains which do not disconnect each other. We then apply this generalization to give a new proof of Schramm's Incompatibility Theorem, which was used by Sch…
We construct a Kirby diagram of the rational homology ball used in "generalized rational blow-down" developed by Jongil Park. The diagram consists of a dotted circle and a torus knot. The link is simpler, but the parameters are a little complicate. Euclidean Algorithm is used three times in the construction and the proof.
In this paper, we determine the canonical polyhedral decomposition of every hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundle over the circle. In fact, we show that the only ideal polyhedral decomposition that is straight in the hyperbolic structure and that is invariant under a certain involution is the ideal triangulation defined by Floyd and Hatcher. Unlike previous work on this problem, the techniques we use are not geometric. Instead, they involve angled polyhedral decompositions, thin position and a version of almost normal surface theory.
Relative trisections of fiber bundles over the circle
本文研究定向四维圆上纤维丛的三剖分构造，提出从纤维的缝合 Heegaard 分裂出发，通过算法显式构造相对三剖分图，并利用图的粘合恢复闭纤维丛和旋流形的三剖分，同时给出四维开书分解的三剖分。
Morse diagrams, Murasugi sums, and the mapping class group
本文研究Morse结构在开书连接下的行为，特别是负稳定化情况，提出检测Overtwisted接触结构的图示准则，并对单孔 торus 页面的开书分解进行分类。
We study harmonic maps from a 3-manifold with boundary to $\mathbb{S}^1$ and prove a special case of dihedral rigidity of three dimensional cubes whose dihedral angles are $π/ 2$. Furthermore we give some applications to mapping torus hyperbolic 3-manifolds.
We study the rational Kontsevich integral of torus knots. We construct explicitely a series of diagrams made of circles joined together in a tree-like fashion and colored by some special rational functions. We show that this series codes exactly the unwheeled rational Kontsevich integral of torus knots, and that it behaves very simply under branched coverings. Our proof is combinatorial. It uses the results of Wheels and Wheeling and various spaces of diagrams.
We study the projective derivative as a cocycle of Möbius transformations over groups of circle diffeomorphisms. By computing precise expressions for this cocycle, we obtain several results about reducibility and almost reducibility to a cocycle of rotations. We also introduce an extension of this cocycle to the diagonal action on the 3-torus for which we generalize the previous results.
Basis for KBSM of fibered torus with multiplicity two exceptional fiber
本文构造了环面与圆周积的 Kauffman 括号 skein 模（KBSM）的一族基，并以此找到 $(β,2)$-纤维化环面 KBSM 的新基，为计算小 Seifert 纤维化 $3$-流形的 KBSM 奠定基础。
A New CR Invariant for Contact 3-Manifolds and Classes of Open Books
本文为闭可定向3-流形上的余定向接触结构引入一个取值于复线丛Picard群的新CR不变量，通过开书分解嵌入到C^3中构造，并证明其良定义性，应用于区分3-环面上的两个紧接触结构。
If M is an atoroidal 3-manifold with a taut foliation, Thurston showed that pi_1(M) acts on a circle. Here, we show that some other classes of essential laminations also give rise to actions on circles. In particular, we show this for tight essential laminations with solid torus guts. We also show that pseudo-Anosov flows induce actions on circles. In all cases, these actions can be made into faithful ones, so pi_1(M) is isomorphic to a subgroup of Homeo(S^1). In addition, we show that the fundamental group of the Weeks manifold has no faithful action on S^1. As a corollary, the Weeks manifold…
If $M$ is a compact 3-manifold whose first betti number is 1, and $N$ is a compact 3-manifold such that $π_1N$ and $π_1M$ have the same finite quotients, then $M$ fibres over the circle if and only if $N$ does. We prove that groups of the form $F_2\rtimes\mathbb{Z}$ are distinguished from one another by their profinite completions. Thus, regardless of betti number, if $M$ and $N$ are punctured torus bundles over the circle and $M$ is not homeomorphic to $N$, then there is a finite group $G$ such that one of $π_1M$ and $π_1N$ maps onto $G$ and the other does not.
The main result of this paper asserts that if a Seifert fibered 4-manifold has nonzero Seiberg-Witten invariant, the homotopy class of regular fibers has infinite order. This is a nontrivial obstruction to smooth circle actions; as applications, we show how to destroy smooth circle actions on a 4-manifold by knot surgery, without changing the integral homology, intersection form, and even the Seiberg-Witten invariant. Results concerning classification of Seifert fibered complex surfaces or symplectic 4-manifolds are included. We also show that every smooth circle action on the 4-torus is smoot…
To each once-punctured-torus bundle, $T_ϕ$, over the circle with pseudo-Anosov monodromy $ϕ$, there are associated two tessellations of the complex plane: one, $Δ(ϕ)$, is (the projection from $\infty$ of) the triangulation of a horosphere at $\infty$ induced by the canonical decomposition into ideal tetrahedra, and the other, $CW(ϕ)$, is a fractal tessellation given by the Cannon-Thurston map of the fiber group switching back and forth between gray and white each time it passes through $\infty$. In this paper, we study the relation between $Δ(ϕ)$ and $CW(ϕ)$.
Non-standard bi-orders on punctured torus bundles
本文研究穿孔环面丛群的非标准双向序，证明其最大及次大真凸子群与标准双向序一致，并确认这些群确实存在非标准双向序。
We show that there exist infinitely many pairs of non-homeomorphic closed oriented SOL torus bundles with the same quantum (TQFT) invariants. This follows from the arithmetic behind the conjugacy problem in $SL(2,\Z)$ and its congruence quotients, the classification of SOL (polycyclic) 3-manifold groups and an elementary study of a family of Pell equations. A key ingredient is the congruence subgroup property of modular representations, as it was established by Coste and Gannon, Bantay, Xu for various versions of TQFT, and lastly by Ng and Schauenburg for the Drinfeld doubles of spherical fusi…
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